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Emergent symmetry in quantum phase transition:From deconfined quantum critical point to gapless quantum spin liquid

Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 190-196页

作者： wen-yuan Liu Shou-Shu Gong Wei-Qiang Chen Zheng-Cheng Gu Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadena CA 91125USA School of Physical Sciences Great Bay UniversityDongguan 523000China Great Bay Institute for Advanced Study Dongguan 523000China Department of Physics and Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

The emergence of exotic quantum phenomena in frustrated magnets is rapidly driving the development of quantum many-body physics,raising fundamental questions on the nature of quantum phase *** we unveil the behaviour of emergent symmetry involving two extraordinarily representative phenomena,i.e.,the deconfined quantum critical point(DQCP)and the quantum spin liquid(QSL)*** large-scale tensor network simulations,we study a spatially anisotropic spin-1/2 square-lattice frustrated antiferromagnetic(AFM)model,namely the J1x-J1y-J2 model,which contains anisotropic nearestneighbor couplings J1x,J1y and the next nearest neighbor coupling *** small J1y/J1x,by tuning J2,a direct continuous transition between the AFM and valence bond solid phase is *** growing J1y/J1x,a gapless QSL phase gradually emerges between the AFM and VBS *** observe an emergent O(4)symmetry along the AFM–VBS transition line,which is consistent with the prediction of DQCP *** surprisingly,we find that such an emergent O(4)symmetry holds for the whole QSL–VBS transition line as *** findings reveal the intrinsic relationship between the QSL and DQCP from categorical symmetry point of view,and strongly constrain the quantum field theory description of the QSL *** phase diagram and critical exponents presented in this paper are of direct relevance to future experiments on frustrated magnets and cold atom systems.

关键词： Tensor network Quantum phase transition Emergent symmetry Quantum spin liquid Deconfined quantum critical point Anisotropic

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Evaluation of G3BP1 in the prognosis of acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure after the treatment of artificial liver support system

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 251-263页

作者： wen-yuan Li Lu-wen Wang Jin Dong Yao Wang Department of Anesthesiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The increased expression of G3BP1 was positively correlated with the prognosis of liver *** To investigate the effect of G3BP1 on the prognosis of acute liver failure(ALF)and acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)after the treatment of artificial liver support system(ALSS).METHODS A total of 244 patients with ALF and ACLF were enrolled in this *** levels of G3BP1 on admission and at discharge were *** validation set of 514 patients was collected to verify the predicted effect of G3BP1 and the viability of *** This study was shown that lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)and prothrombin time were closely related to the prognosis of *** the ALSS treatment,the patient’amount of decreased G3BP1 index in difference of G3BP1 between the value of discharge and admission(difG3BP1)<0 group had a nearly 10-fold increased risk of progression compared with the amount of increased G3BP1 *** subgroup analysis showed that the difG3BP1<0 group had a higher risk of progression,regardless of model for end-stage liver disease high-risk or low-risk *** the same time,compared with the inflam matory marks[tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-18],G3BP1 had higher discrimination and was more stable in the model analysis and validation *** combined with AFP and LDH,concordance index was respectively 0.84 and 0.8 in training and validation *** This study indicated that G3BP1 could predict the prognosis of ALF or ACLF patients treated with *** combination of G3BP1,AFP and LDH could accurately evaluate the disease condition and predict the clinical endpoint of patients.

关键词： G3BP1 Prognosis Acute liver failure Acute-on-chronic liver failure Artificial liver support system

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Rapidly growing primordial black holes as seeds of the massive high-redshift JWST Galaxies

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 143-150页

作者： Guan-wen yuan Lei Lei yuan-Zhu Wang Bo Wang Yi-Ying Wang Chao Chen Zhao-Qiang Shen Yi-Fu Cai Yi-Zhong Fan Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/Department of Astronomy School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

A group of massive galaxies at redshifts of z■7 have been recently detected by the James Webb Space Telescope（JWST）, which were unexpected to form at such an early time within the standard Big Bang cosmology. In this work, we propose that this puzzle can be explained by the presence of some primordial black holes（PBHs） with a mass of ～1000M⊙. These PBHs act as seeds for early galaxy formation with masses of ～10～8-1010M⊙at high redshift, hence accounting for the JWST observations. We use a hierarchical Bayesian inference framework to constrain the PBH mass distribution models, and find that the Lognormal model with the Mc～750M⊙is preferred over other hypotheses. These rapidly growing BHs are expected to have strong radiation and may appear as high-redshift compact objects, similar to those recently discovered by JWST. Although we focused on PBHs in this work, the bound on the initial mass of the seed black holes remains robust even if they were formed through astrophysical channels.

关键词： primordial black hole dark matter halo black hole accretion primordial galaxies

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NIR-switchable local hydrogen generation by tandem bimetallic MOFs nanocomposites for enhanced chemodynamic therapy

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 58-68页

作者： Jun Zhong Xiang Zheng yuan wen Yuewei Li Jianting Zhang Ranjith Kumar Kankala Shibin Wang Aizheng Chen Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China

The inadequate quantity of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))in cancer cells promptly results in the constrained success of chemodynamic therapy(CDT).Significant efforts made throughout the years;nevertheless,researchers are still facing the great challenge of designing a CDT agent and securing H_(2)O_(2) supply within the tumor *** this study,taking advantage of H_(2)O_(2) level maintenance mechanism in cancer cells,a nanozyme-based bimetallic metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)tandem reactor is fabricated to elevate intracellular H_(2)O_(2) levels,thereby enhancing *** addition,under nearinfrared excitation,the upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)loaded into the MOFs can perform photocatalysis and generate hydrogen,which increases cellular susceptibility to radicals induced from H_(2)O_(2),inhibits cancer cell energy,causes DNA damages and induces tumor cell apoptosis,thus improving CDT therapeutic efficacy *** proposed nanozyme-based bimetallic MOFs-mediated CDT and UCNPs-mediated hydrogen therapy act as combined therapy with high efficacy and low toxicity.

关键词： chemodynamic therapy nanozyme bimetallic MOFs gas therapy

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Black holes as the source of dark energy:A stringent test with high-redshift JWST AGNs

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 181-188页

作者： Lei Lei Lei Zu Guan-wen yuan Zhao-Qiang Shen Yi-Ying Wang yuan-Zhu Wang Zhen-Bo Su wen-Ke Ren Shao-Peng Tang Hao Zhou Chi Zhang Zhi-Ping Jin Lei Feng Yi-Zhong Fan Da-Ming Wei Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of AstronomyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Studies have proposed that there is evidence for cosmological coupling of black holes(BHs)with an index of k≈3;hence,BHs serve as the astrophysical source of dark ***,the data sample is limited for the redshifts of≤*** recent years,the James Webb Space Telescope(JWST)has detected many high-redshift active galactic nuclei(AGNs)and *** the JWST NIRSpec-/NIRCam-resolved AGNs,three are determined to be in early-type host galaxies with a redshift of z~***,their M_(*)and MBH are in tension with the predicted cosmological coupling of black holes with k=3 at a confidence level of~2σ,which challenges the hypothesis that BHs serve as the origin of dark *** work on high-redshift AGNs using the JWST will further assess such a hypothesis by identifying more early-type host galaxies in the higher mass range.

关键词： dark energy supermassive black hole active galactic nuclei James Webb Space Telescope

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Asymmetric radical allylation of β-keto esters with vinyl cyclopropanes by dual photoredox/nickel catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： wen-yuan Qu Xue-Song Zhou wen-Jing Xiao Jia-Rong Chen Engineering Research Center of Photoenergy Utilization for Pollution Control and Carbon Reduction Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan Institute of Photochemistry and Technology Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University

Radical-involved allylation reactions have emerged as a powerful platform for construction of carbon-carbon and carbonheteroatom bonds, facilitating the strategic incorporation of diverse allyl moieties. Nevertheless, this burgeoning field still faces ongoing challenges, including limitations of radical precursors and coupling partners, and difficulties in achieving enantiocontrol. Herein, we report for the first time a highly enantioselective radical allylation involving β-keto esters with vinyl cyclopropanes utilizing a synergistic dual photoredox/nickel catalysis under visible light irradiation. The mild and redox-neutral catalytic protocol demonstrates an extensive substrate compatibility and good functional tolerance, providing access to enantioenriched β-keto esters featuring quaternary α-stereocenter with good yields and high enantioselectivities. Preliminary mechanistic studies have uncovered that the success of the reaction hinges on the dual roles of nickel catalyst, including in situ formation of photoredox sensitive substrate/Ni complex and the ensuing asymmetric radical addition step.

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Herb pair of Huangqi-Danggui exerts anti-tumor immunity to breast cancer by upregulating PIK3R1

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 234-258页

作者： Hai-Xin Liu Li Lian Li-Li Hou Cai-Xia Liu Jin-Hong Ren yuan-Biao Qiao Shi-yuan wen Qing-Shan Li College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering Shanxi University of Chinese MedicineTaiyuanChina Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food EngineeringShanxi University of Chinese MedicineTaiyuanChina College of Basic Medical Sciences Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina

Background:According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),drugs supplementing the vital energy,Qi,can eliminate tumors by restoring host *** objective of this study is to investigate the underlying immune mechanisms of anti-tumor activity associated with Qi-supplementing herbs,specifically the paired use of Huangqi and ***:Analysis of compatibility regularity was conducted to screen the combination of Qi-supplementing *** the MTT assay and a transplanted tumor mice model,the anti-tumor effects of combination TCMs were investigated in vitro and in *** content analysis and flow cytometry were then used to evaluate cellular immunity,followed by network pharmacology and molecular docking to dissect the significant active compounds and potential ***,the anti-tumor activity and the mechanism of the active ingredients were verified by molecular ***:There is an optimal combination of Huangqi and Danggui that,administered as an aqueous extract,can activate immunity to suppress tumor and is more effective than each drug on its own in vitro and in *** on network pharmacology analysis,PIK3R1 is the core target for the anti-tumor immunity activity of combined Huangqi and *** docking analysis shows 6 components of the combined Danggui and Huangqi extract(quercetin,jaranol,isorhamnetin,kaempferol,calycosin,and suchilactone)that bind to *** is the most important component against breast *** suchilactone/jaranol combination and,especially,the suchilactone/kaempferol combination are key for immunity enhancement and the anti-tumor effects of the ***:The combination of Huangqi and Danggui can activate immunity to suppress breast cancer and is more effective than the individual drugs alone.

关键词： anti-tumor Danggui Huangqi immunity

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Dietary cooking oils and cardiometabolic measurements in an elderly Chinese population

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第6期21卷 642-650页

作者： Xin-Yu WANG Chao-Ying MIAO Xiao-Fei YE wen-yuan-Yue WANG Jia-Bo ZHU Yi ZHOU Yan LI Ji-Guang WANG School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Centre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical TrialsThe Shanghai Institute of HypertensionRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

OBJECTIVE To investigate three features of dietary cooking oil intake,namely,the consumption,cooking style,and composition of fatty acids in relation to several cardiometabolic measurements in an elderly Chinese *** The elderly(≥65 years)participants for this study were recruited from two community health centers in the urban area of Shanghai.A questionnaire was administered to collect information on dietary oil consumption(low,medium and high)and cooking styles(fry or stir-fry ***)and the composition of fatty acids(poly-unsaturated ***-unsaturated).The cardiometabolic measurements included anthropometry,blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose and serum *** The 1186 study participants had a mean age of 70.9±5.4 *** mean dietary oil consumption was 35.0 g/d,being low(<25 g/d),medium(25-49 g/d)and high(≥50 g/d)in 485,467 and 234 participants,*** proportion of the fry or stir-fry cooking style and oils rich in mono-unsaturated fatty acids was 30.4%and 27.4%,*** before and after adjustment for sex,age,current smoking and alcohol intake,dietary oil consumption was significantly(P≤0.02)and positively associated with the prevalence of treated hypertension and fasting plasma glucose *** similar adjustments as above and additional adjustment for dietary oil consumption,the fry or stir-fry cooking style was significantly(P≤0.048)and positively associated with body mass index,but inversely with systolic and diastolic blood pressure and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and the dietary intake of oils rich in mono-unsaturated fat acids was significantly(P≤0.02)and positively associated with diastolic blood pressure,serum triglycerides,total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and *** This study showed that both the consumption and composition of fatty acids of the dietary oils mattered with regard to sev

关键词： cooking elderly unsaturated

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Role of gut microbiota in Crohn’s disease pathogenesis:Insights from fecal microbiota transplantation in mouse model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3689-3704页

作者： Qiang Wu Lian-wen yuan Li-Chao Yang Ya-Wei Zhang Heng-Chang Yao Liang-Xin Peng Bao-Jia Yao Zhi-Xian Jiang Geriatric Surgery of Department of General Surgery The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410011Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease,particularly Crohn’s disease(CD),has been associated with alterations in mesenteric adipose tissue(MAT)and the phenomenon termed“creeping fat”.Histopathological evaluations showed that MAT and intestinal tissues were significantly altered in patients with CD,with these tissues characterized by inflammation and *** To evaluate the complex interplay among MAT,creeping fat,inflammation,and gut microbiota in *** Intestinal tissue and MAT were collected from 12 patients with *** manifestations and protein expression levels were analyzed to determine lesion *** samples were collected from five recently treated CD patients and five control subjects and transplanted into *** intestinal and mesenteric lesions in these mice,as well as their systemic inflammatory status,were assessed and compared in mice transplanted with fecal samples from CD patients and control *** Pathological examination of MAT showed significant differences between CDaffected and unaffected colons,including significant differences in gut microbiota *** microbiota transplantation(FMT)from clinically healthy donors into mice with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced CD ameliorated CD symptoms,whereas FMT from CD patients into these mice exacerbated CD ***,FMT influenced intestinal permeability,barrier function,and levels of proinflammatory factors and ***,FMT from CD patients intensified fibrotic changes in the colon tissues of mice with TNBS-induced *** Gut microbiota play a critical role in the histopathology of *** MAT and creeping fat may therefore have potential in the treatment of patients with CD.

关键词： Mesenteric adipose tissue Crohn’s disease Fecal microbiota transplantation Intestinal fibrosis Intestinal barrier

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Multifaceted roles of lymphatic and blood endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第4期16卷 537-549页

作者： Jing-Jing Li Jia-Xi Mao Han-Xiang Zhong yuan-Yu Zhao Fei Teng Xin-Yi Lu Li-Ye Zhu Yang Gao Hong Fu wen-yuan Guo Department of Liver Surgery and Organ Transplantation Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200003China

The tumor microenvironment is a complex network of cells,extracellular matrix,and signaling molecules that plays a critical role in tumor progression and *** and blood vessels are major routes for solid tumor metastasis and essential parts of tumor drainage ***,recent studies have shown that lymphatic endothelial cells(LECs)and blood endothelial cells(BECs)also play multifaceted roles in the tumor microenvironment beyond their structural functions,particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This comprehensive review summarizes the diverse roles played by LECs and BECs in HCC,including their involvement in angiogenesis,immune modulation,lymphangiogenesis,and *** providing a detailed account of the complex interplay between LECs,BECs,and tumor cells,this review aims to shed light on future research directions regarding the immune regulatory function of LECs and potential therapeutic targets for HCC.

关键词： Lymphatic endothelial cells Blood endothelial cells Hepatocellular carcinoma Tumor microenvironment

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