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思政元素融入本科生科研训练计划指导教学探索——以中国农业大学为例

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教育教学论坛 2024年第12期 21-25页

作者：李璐于立芝中国农业大学本科生院北京100083 中国农业大学烟台研究院海洋与农业工程学院山东烟台264670

本科生科研训练计划已成为本科教育的重要组成部分,是培养拔尖创新人才的重要举措。对思政元素融入农业高校本科生科研训练计划指导教学进行了探讨。在结合教师科研项目组建主题鲜明的项目研究团队的基础上,探讨了个人层面的社会主义核... 详细信息

本科生科研训练计划已成为本科教育的重要组成部分,是培养拔尖创新人才的重要举措。对思政元素融入农业高校本科生科研训练计划指导教学进行了探讨。在结合教师科研项目组建主题鲜明的项目研究团队的基础上,探讨了个人层面的社会主义核心价值观与本科生科研项目训练计划研究的融合环节,设计了指导教学大纲,阐述了集中授课指导、现场教学指导和一对一教学指导等三种指导教学方法,并对其影响因素进行分析,提出开展进一步研究的主要方向。

关键词：思政元素农业高校本科生科研训练

酸热水解制备蓝藻基植物激励素条件优化及产物特征

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中国环境科学 2024年第8期44卷 4507-4519页

作者：李羽志黄凯文朱葛许燕娟王硕李激江南大学环境与生态学院江苏省厌氧生物技术重点实验室江苏无锡214122 无锡国联环保科技股份有限公司江苏无锡214171 江苏无锡环境监测中心江苏无锡214121 江苏高校水处理技术与材料协同创新中心江苏苏州215009

以蓝藻作为原材料,对蓝藻进行酸热水解,分析蓝藻酸热水解最优条件,并通过内梅罗指数、地累积指数法、潜在生态指数法和人体暴露健康风险评价验证各条件制备的蓝藻基植物激励素施用于土壤的安全性.结果显示,采用2%草酸进行水解可利用草... 详细信息

以蓝藻作为原材料,对蓝藻进行酸热水解,分析蓝藻酸热水解最优条件,并通过内梅罗指数、地累积指数法、潜在生态指数法和人体暴露健康风险评价验证各条件制备的蓝藻基植物激励素施用于土壤的安全性.结果显示,采用2%草酸进行水解可利用草酸对重金属的络合作用以降低蓝藻基植物激励素的环境风险,同时为保证蓝藻的水解效果,耦合硫酸调节pH值至0.8,水解时间保持24h是最优酸热水解条件.各条件制备的蓝藻基植物激励素内梅罗指数、地累积指数、潜在生态指数分别处于无风险、无污染和低风险水平,对人体致癌风险和非致癌风险均低于安全阈值10^(-6)和1.利用半连续流酸热水解体系可提升蓝藻基植物激励素中有益物质的浓度,发现经过3~4个周期的水解富集,植物激励素中N、P、K等营养物质稳定在3942、290.45和421.7mg/kg.2-(5H)-呋喃酮和吡咯类物质等生物刺激素类物质在植物激励素中不断富集后达到29.5646和11.261mg/kg,均可发挥促进植物生长和抑制病菌的作用.同时,生物碱类、酚类物质等化感物质在水解过程中被破坏,有效减轻了其对植物生长的抑制作用.

关键词：蓝藻酸热水解生态风险评价植物激励素生物刺激素

Probabilistic Teleportation of Three-Atom State via Five-Atom Cluster State

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2013年第6期59卷 700-702页

作者： yu li-zhi WU Tao Department of Physics Fuyang Teachers College Fuyang 236041 China Department of Physics Anhui University Hefei 23000 China

A scheme for probabilistic teleportation of an unknown three-atom entangled state via a five-atom non- maximally entangled cluster state as quantum channel is proposed. In this scheme, the sender performs two Bell state and a single-atom measurements on the atoms, the receiver can reconstruct the original state with a certain probability by introducing an auxiliary atom and operating appropriate unitary transformations and controlled-not （C-not） operations according to the sender Alice＇s measurement results. As a result, the probability of successful teleportation is determined by the smallest two of the coefficients＇ absolute values of the cluster state. The considerable advantage of our scheme is that we employ a non-maximally entangled cluster state as quantum channel in the scheme, which can greatly reduce the amount of entanglement resources and need less classical bits. If we employ a maximally entangled cluster state as quantum channel, the probabilistic teleportation scheme becomes usual teleportation, the successful probability being 100%.

关键词： quantum teleportation five-atom cluster state Bell state measurement unitary transformation C-not operation

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基于GD32单片机的智能循迹小车的设计

机械工程与自动化 2024年第1期 149-150,154页

作者：余致立王玥刘江珊安徽理工大学人工智能学院安徽淮南232001

设计了一种基于单片机的智能循迹小车,以GD32E230芯片为核心,结合电磁循迹模块和超声波避障模块等智能小车感知模块实现电磁循迹、自动避障等功能。实验结果表明:智能小车能出色地完成实验任务,达到预期目标,可以为智能小车在物流运输... 详细信息

设计了一种基于单片机的智能循迹小车,以GD32E230芯片为核心,结合电磁循迹模块和超声波避障模块等智能小车感知模块实现电磁循迹、自动避障等功能。实验结果表明:智能小车能出色地完成实验任务,达到预期目标,可以为智能小车在物流运输等场景的应用中提供技术参考。

关键词：循迹小车智能控制单片机感知模块

Addition Reaction of Bis(diphenylphosphinyl) Butadiyne with Methylcyclopentadiene

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2007年第8期26卷 939-944页

作者： yu li-zhi XU Ke-Xin MENG Ji-Ben HUANG Yao-Dong Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Department of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China

Bis（diphenylphosphinyl）butadiyne reacted with methylcyclopentadiene at room temperature and four isomeric products were obtained. Crystal structures of isomers 1 and 3 have been determined. Crystal data for compound 1 C40H36O2P2·2CHCl3： monoclinic, space group C12/c1 with a = 17.983（2）, b = 11.8723（12）, c = 20.081（2） A, β = 111.218（3）°, V= 3996.5（8） A^3, Z = 4, Mr= 849.36, Dc = 1.412 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1752,μ = 0.546 mm^-1, the final R = 0.0351 and wR = 0.0951 for 3965 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））; and those for compound 3 C40H36O2P2·H2O： triclinic, space group PI with a = 10.4144（15）, b = 13.0558（18）, c = 13.742（2） A, a = 70.453（8）, β = 75.382（8）, γ = 72.312（8）°, V = 1653.7（4） A^3, Z = 2, Mr= 628.64, Dc = 1.262 g/cm^3, F（000） = 664,μ = 0.169 mm^-1, the final R = 0.0593 and wR = 0.1296 for 4891 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. The structures of the other two isomers are identified via IR, ^1H NMR and MS spectra.

关键词： addition reaction crystal structure inclusion hydrogen bonding

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食品中硝基呋喃类药物残留检测技术研究进展

食品安全质量检测学报 2024年第4期15卷 148-159页

作者：胡家勇柳鑫张莉刘言王桥李玉芝宫智勇国家市场监管重点实验室(动物源性食品中重点化学危害物检测技术) 武汉430075 武汉轻工大学食品科学与工程学院武汉430048 农产品加工与转化湖北省重点实验室武汉430048

硝基呋喃类抗菌药因价格便宜、抗菌效果好,曾被广泛应用于畜禽水产等养殖行业。其代谢物可在动物体内长时间残留,对人体有强毒性和潜在的致畸致癌致突变风险,对此各国已出台限量标准和管控政策。本文概述了5种硝基呋喃类原药(含硝呋索尔... 详细信息

硝基呋喃类抗菌药因价格便宜、抗菌效果好,曾被广泛应用于畜禽水产等养殖行业。其代谢物可在动物体内长时间残留,对人体有强毒性和潜在的致畸致癌致突变风险,对此各国已出台限量标准和管控政策。本文概述了5种硝基呋喃类原药(含硝呋索尔)及其代谢物的理化性质;色谱技术、液相色谱-质谱法和免疫学技术等常用检测技术用于食品中硝基呋喃类药物残留检测的近3年研究进展,比较了各方法的前处理技术和检测技术的特点及检测效果;着重介绍了表面增强拉曼、电化学传感、基于金属有机框架的荧光传感等新型快速检测技术用于硝基呋喃类药物残留检测的发展,从材料设计和检测方法等方面归纳比较,并就硝基呋喃类药物残留的检测技术进行了展望,以期为硝基呋喃类药物及其代谢物的检测、监管等提供新思路。

关键词：硝基呋喃类药物硝呋索尔代谢物检测方法

A comprehensive review on microchannel heat sinks for electronics cooling

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 133-162页

作者： zhi-Qiang yu Mo-Tong li Bing-Yang Cao Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

The heat generation of electronic devices is increasing dramatically,which causes a serious bottleneck in the thermal management of electronics,and overheating will result in performance deterioration and even device *** the development of micro-machining technologies,the microchannel heat sink(MCHS)has become one of the best ways to remove the considerable amount of heat generated by high-power *** has the advantages of large specific surface area,small size,coolant saving and high heat transfer *** paper comprehensively takes an overview of the research progress in MCHSs and generalizes the hotspots and bottlenecks of this *** heat transfer mechanisms and performances of different channel structures,coolants,channel materials and some other influencing factors are ***,this paper classifies the heat transfer enhancement technology and reviews the related studies on both the single-phase and phase-change flow and heat *** comprehensive review is expected to provide a theoretical reference and technical guidance for further research and application of MCHSs in the future.

关键词： microchannel heat sink thermal management of electronics microscale heat transfer heat transfer enhancement

Performance improvement of magneto-acousto-electrical tomography for biological tissues with sinusoid-Barker coded excitation

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第9期27卷 346-353页

作者： Zheng-Feng yu Yan Zhou yu-zhi li Qing-yu Ma Ge-Pu Guol Juan Tu Dong Zhang Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Audio Technology School of Physics and TechnologyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Institute of Acoustics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

By combining magnetics, acoustics and electrics, the magneto-acoustic-electrical tomography（MAET） proves to possess the capability of differentiating electrical impedance variation and thus improving the spatial resolution. However,the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） of the collected MAET signal is still unsatisfactory for biological tissues with low-level electrical conductivity. In this study, the formula of MAET measurement with sinusoid-Barker coded excitation is derived and simplified for a planar piston transducer. Numerical simulations are conducted for a four-layered gel phantom with the 13-bit sinusoid-Barker coded excitation, and the performances of wave packet recovery with side-lobe suppression are improved by using the mismatched compression filter, which is also demonstrated by experimentally measuring a three-layered gel phantom. It is demonstrated that comparing with the single-cycle sinusoidal excitation, the amplitude of the driving signal can be reduced greatly with an SNR enhancement of 10 dB using the 13-bit sinusoid-Barker coded excitation. The amplitude and polarity of the wave packet filtered from the collected MAET signal can be used to achieve the conductivity derivative at the tissue boundary. In this study, we apply the sinusoid-Barker coded modulation method and the mismatched suppression scheme to MAET measurement to ensure the safety for biological tissues with improved SNR and spatial resolution, and suggest the potential applications in biomedical imaging.

关键词： magneto-acousto-electrical tomography sinusoid-Barker coded excitation mismatched compression filter side lobe suppression

Discrepancy between presumptive and definite causes of chronic cough

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第24期124卷 4138-4143页

作者： yu li QIU zhi-hong WEI Wei-li liU Bo XU Xiang-huai LU Han-jing QIU Zhong-min Department of Respiratory Medicine Tongji Hospital TongjiUniversity School of Medicine Shanghai 200065 China

Background The current diagnostic algorithms for chronic cough require the establishment of the primary presumptive causes followed by the confirmation of diagnosis with the specific therapies. The aim of the study was to investigate the discrepancy between presumptive and definite causes and its clinical implication. Methods A total of 109 patients with chronic cough underwent laboratory investigations to identify the cause of cough; including sinus computerized tomography （if needed）, histamine bronchial provocation, induced sputum cytology and 24-hour esophageal pH or multi-channel intraluminal impedance combined with pH monitoring. The presumptive causes were confirmed by treating them sequentially. The difference between presumptive and definite causes of chronic cough was compared. Results Single cause was more frequent in the definite diagnosis than in the presumptive diagnosis （78.9% vs. 54.1%, X2=15.01, m=-0.0001）. In contrast, multiple causes were significantly fewer in definite diagnosis than in the presumptive diagnosis （15.6% vs. 37.6%, X2=13.53, P=-0.0002）. There was a discrepancy between definite and presumptive causes in 30 patients （27.5%）. Compared with the presumptive causes, definite upper airway cough syndrome （24.8% vs. 11.9%, X^2=6.0, P=0.01） and gastroesophageal reflux disease （6.4% vs. 0, X2=7.23, P=0.007） was more frequent as a single cause of chronic cough while cough variant asthma plus gastroesophageal reflux disease （3.7% vs. 11.9%, X2=5.17, P=0.02） and upper airway cough syndrome plus nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis （0 vs. 9.2%, X2=10.48, P=0.001） were fewer as multiple causes of chronic cough. Conclusions A discrepancy was common between presumptive and definite causes of chronic cough. To treat presumptive causes sequentially may be a suitable solution for avoidance of erroneous multiple causes and possible over-treatment.

关键词： chronic cough etiology algorithm