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Deep Learning Blockchain Integration Framework for Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Diagnosis Using Ultrasound Images

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 1-12页

作者： yu Guan Pengceng Wen Jianqiang Li Jinli Zhang Xianghui Xie Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Beijing Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing 100020China

UreteroPelvic Junction Obstruction(UPJO)is a common hydronephrosis disease in children that can result in an even progressive loss of renal function.Ultrasonography is an economical,radiationless,noninvasive,and high noise preliminary diagnostic step for UPJO.Artificial intelligence has been widely applied to medical fields and can greatly assist doctors'diagnostic abilities.The demand for a highly secure network environment in transferring electronic medical data online,therefore,has led to the development of blockchain technology.In this study,we built and tested a framework that integrates a deep learning diagnosis model with blockchain technology.Our diagnosis model is a combination of an attention-based pyramid semantic segmentation network and a discrete wavelet transformation-processed residual classification network.We also compared the performance between benchmark models and our models.Our diagnosis model outperformed benchmarks on the segmentation task and classification task with MloU=87.93,MPA=93.52,and accuracy=91.77%.For the blockchain system,we applied the InterPlanetary File System protocol to build a secure and private sharing environment.This framework can automatically grade the severity of UPJO using ultrasound images,guarantee secure medical data sharing,assist in doctors'diagnostic ability,relieve patients'burden,and provide technical support for future federated learning and linkage of the Internet of Medical Things(loMT).

关键词： data mining image processing and computer vision machine learning medical information systems

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Current-Aided Multiple-AUV Cooperative Localization and Target Tracking in Anchor-Free Environments

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第3期10卷 792-806页

作者： Yichen Li Wenbin yu Xinping guan Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240 Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of ChinaShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China IEEE

In anchor-free environments,where no devices with known positions are available,the error growth of autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV)localization and target tracking is unbounded due to the lack of references and the accumulated errors in inertial measurements.This paper aims to improve the localization and tracking accuracy by involving current information as extra references.We first integrate current measurements and maps with belief propagation and design a distributed current-aided message-passing scheme that theoretically solves the localization and tracking problems.Based on this scheme,we propose particle-based cooperative localization and target tracking algorithms,named CaCL and CaTT,respectively.In AUV localization,CaCL uses the current measurements to correct the predicted and transmitted position information and alleviates the impact of the accumulated errors in inertial measurements.With target tracking,the current maps are applied in CaTT to modify the position prediction of the target which is calculated through historical estimates.The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed methods are validated through various simulations by comparisons with alternative methods under different trajectories and current conditions.

关键词： Anchor-free belief propagation cooperative localization current-aided target tracking

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Glia Connect Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第3期39卷 466-478页

作者： Ye Sun Haojun yu Yangtai guan Department of Neurology Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to demyelination and eventually to neurodegeneration.Activation of innate immune cells and other inflammatory cells in the brain and spinal cord of people with MS has been well described.However,with the innovation of technology in glial cell research,we have a deep understanding of the mechanisms of glial cells connecting inflammation and neurodegeneration in MS.In this review,we focus on the role of glial cells,including microglia,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes,in the pathogenesis of MS.We mainly focus on the connection between glial cells and immune cells in the process of axonal damage and demyelinating neuron loss.

关键词： Multiple sclerosis·Inflammation Neurodegeneration Glial cells

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Adaptive sampling strategy for characterizing spatial distribution of soil liquefaction potential using cone penetration test

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第4期14卷 1221-1231页

作者： Zheng guan yu Wang Tengyuan Zhao Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

Characterizing spatial distribution of soil liquefaction potential is critical for assessing liquefactionrelated hazards(e.***.building damages caused by liquefaction-induced differential settlement).However,in engineering practice,soil liquefaction potential is usually measured at limited locations in a specific site using in situ tests,e.***.cone penetration tests(CPTs),due to the restrictions of time,cost and access to subsurface space.In these cases,liquefaction potential of soil at untested locations requires to be interpreted from limited measured data points using proper interpolation method,leading to remarkable statistical uncertainty in liquefaction assessment.This underlines an important question of how to optimize the locations of CPT soundings and determine the minimum number of CPTs for achieving a target reliability level of liquefaction assessment.To tackle this issue,this study proposes a smart sampling strategy for determining the minimum number of CPTs and their optimal locations in a selfadaptive and data-driven manner.The proposed sampling strategy leverages on information entropy and Bayesian compressive sampling(BCS).Both simulated and real CPT data are used to demonstrate the proposed method.Illustrative examples indicate that the proposed method can adaptively and sequentially select the required number and optimal locations of CPTs.

关键词： Liquefaction potential Information entropy Cone penetration test(CPT) Site characterization Compressive sampling

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Design,Mobility Analysis and Gait Planning of a Leech-like Soft Crawling Robot with Stretching and Bending Deformation

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 69-80页

作者： Manjia Su Rongzhen Xie yu Qiu Yisheng guan Biomimetic and Intelligent Robotics Lab(BIRL) School of Electromechanical EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyHEMCGuangzhou510006GuangdongChina

Soft climbing/crawling robots have been attracting increasing attention in the soft robotics community,and many prototypes with basic locomotion have been implemented.Most existing soft robots achieve locomotion by planar bending deformation and lack sufficient mobility.Enhancing the mobility of soft climbing/crawling robots is still an open and challenging issue.To this end,we present a novel pneumatic leech-like soft robot,Leechbot,with both bending and stretching deformation for locomotion.With a morphological structure,the robot consists of a three-chambered actuator in the middle for the main motion,two chamber-net actuators that act as ankles,and two suckers at the ends for anchoring on surfaces.The peristaltic motion for locomotion is implemented by body stretching,and direction changing is achieved by body bending.Due to the novel design and two deformation modes,the robot can make turns and transit between different surfaces;the robot,hence,has excellent mobility.The development of the robot prototype is presented in detail in this paper.To control its motion,tests were carried out to determine the relationship between step length and air pressure as well as the relationship between motion speed and periodic delay time.A kinematic model was established,and the kinematic mobility and surface transitionability were analyzed.Gait planning based on the inflating sequence of the actuating chambers is presented for straight crawling,turn making,and transiting between surfaces and was verified by a series of experiments with the prototype.The results show that a high mobility in soft climbing/crawling robots can be achieved by a novel design and by proper gait planning.

关键词： Biomimetic robot-Soft robot Climbing robot-Bio-inspiration-Kinematic mobility Gait planning

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More Cycles of Intravenous Chemotherapy are Associated with Reduced Growth in Children with Retinoblastoma

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Journal of Nutritional Oncology 2021年第3期6卷 126-133页

作者： yu Qiong Yang Liang yu Yin Xin Lin Bing Hao Xiao yue guan Hong Xia Xu Hong Feng yuan Department of Ophthalmology Daping HospitalArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400042China Department of Clinical Nutrition Daping HospitalArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400042China Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400038China

Background Chemotherapy can have a negative impact on the growth of children with different cancers.However,few studies have examined whether intravenous chemotherapy(IVC)affects the growth of children with retinoblastoma(RB).The present study evaluated the height differences(actual height compared to the age standardized value)and survival of pediatric RB patients treated with IVC.Methods This was an observational cohort study.A total of 87 pediatric RB patients were included.The study population was stratified into two groups based on the number of chemotherapy cycles administered(≤4 versus>4).The height at baseline(before IVC),height after IVC and overall survival were compared between the two groups.Results Before IVC,no height differences were observed between the two groups(P=0.585).After IVC,all of the patients had a reduced height compared to the age standardized height(P=0.035).Patients who underwent more cycles of chemotherapy had a greater height difference compared to those who received fewer cycles(P=0.008).For those who had reduced height,the difference was positively associated with the number of chemotherapy cycles(r=0.279,P=0.043).Among the patients who exhibited a greater height difference,those who underwent more than four cycles of chemotherapy had a decreased overall survival(P=0.042).Conclusions Pediatric RB patients who underwent more cycles of chemotherapy were more likely to have a reduced height.Further studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment strategy to prevent the reduced growth while maintaining the benefits of chemotherapy.

关键词： Retinoblastoma Intravenous chemotherapy Height Survival

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Minimizing Age of Information in the Uplink Multi-User Networks via Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation

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China Communications 2023年第4期20卷 287-301页

作者： Zeyuan Zhu Xinrong guan Baoquan yu Tian yu yueming Cai College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China Unit 31401 of PLA Jinan 250002China

Improving the information freshness is critical for the monitoring and controlling applications in the cellular Internet of Things(IoT).In this paper,we are interested in optimizing the bandwidth allocation dynamically to improve the information freshness of the short packet based uplink status updates,which is characterized by a recently proposed metric,age of information(Ao I).We first design a status update scheme with channel distribution information(CDI).By relaxing the hard bandwidth constraint and introducing a Lagrangian multiplier,we first decouple the multi-MTCD bandwidth allocation problem into a single MTCD Markov decision process(MDP).Under the MDP framework,after variable substitution,we obtain the single-MTCD status update scheme by solving a linear programming problem.Then,we adjust the Lagrangian multiplier to make the obtained scheme satisfy the relaxed bandwidth constraint.Finally,a greedy policy is built on the proposed scheme to adjust the bandwidth allocation in each slot to satisfy the hard bandwidth constraint.In the unknown environment without CDI,we further design a bandwidth allocation scheme which only maximizes the expected sum Ao I drop within each time slot.Simulation results show that in terms of AoI,the proposed schemes outperform the benchmark schemes.

关键词： Internet of Things age of information short packet communications bandwidth allocation

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2020 Global Pediatric Pulmonology Alliance(GPPA)Forum on COVID-19

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Pediatric Investigation 2020年第4期4卷 225-229页

作者： Kunling Shen Spencer Li yu Guan Yonghong Yang China National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases Department of Respiratory MedicineBeijing ChildrenhospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina Global Pediatric Pulmonology Alliance Department of Respiratory Medicine Shenzhen Children’s HospitalShenzhenGuangdongChina

As the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic struck the entire world,our health systems,global economy,and humanity have been put to a test that was never seen before.By September 1,2020 when this article was submitted,COVID-19 has infected over 25 million people worldwide,and resulted in a total mortality of more than 856555(https://covid19.***.int).The actions taken by global medical professionals,health agencies and organizations,governments,etc.,can directly impact the health,safety,and wellbeing of our lives,including lives of our most vulnerable population,children.

关键词： mortality Alliance struc

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Iterative Phase Noise Suppression for Full-Duplex Communication Systems

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China Communications 2023年第2期20卷 226-234页

作者： Pengxin guan Yiru Wang Hongkang yu yuping Zhao School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Wireless Product Research and Development Institute ZTE CorporationShenzhen 518057China

Oscillator phase noise is one of the bottlenecks that limits the self-interference(SI)cancellation capability of full-duplex systems.In this paper,we propose a method for the suppression of common phase error(CPE)and intercarrier interference(ICI)induced by the phase noise in full-duplex orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)systems.First,we regard the effect of CPE as a portion of the SI channel and perform estimation,reconstruction and elimination in the time domain.Then,the ICI signal is estimated and suppressed in the frequency domain.Additionally,by analysing the performance of proposed algorithm,we further develop an iterative mechanism to reduce the parameter estimation error and improve SI cancellation capability.Simulation results show that the proposed method has a significant SI cancellation capability improvement over the traditional SI cancellation schemes.

关键词： full-duplex self-interference phase noise suppression

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Boosting electromagnetic wave absorption of Ti_(3)AlC_(2) by improving effective electrical conductivity

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先进陶瓷(英文) 2023年第8期12卷 1533-1546页

作者： Kai-yu Guo Lin Chen guan-Jun Yang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Electromagnetic wave-absorbing(EMA)materials at high temperatures are limited by poor conduction loss(L_(c)).However,adding conductors simultaneously increases the conduction loss and interfacial polarization loss,leading to a conflict between impedance matching(Z_(in)/Z_(0))and electromagnetic wave loss.This will prevent electromagnetic waves from entering the EMA materials,finally reducing overall absorbing performance.Here,the effective electrical conductivity(σ)is enhanced by synchronizing particle size and grain number of Ti_(3)AlC_(2) to increase the conduction loss and avoid the conflict between the impedance matching and the electromagnetic wave loss.As a result,the best-absorbing performance with an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 4.8 GHz(10.6–15.4 GHz)at a thickness of only 1.5 mm is realized,which is the best combination of wide absorption bandwidth and small thickness,and the minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))reaches−45.6 dB at 4.1 GHz.In short,this work explores the regulating mechanism of the EMA materials of effective electrical conductivity by simulated calculations using the Vienna ab-initio Simulation Package(VASP)and COMSOL as well as a series of experiments,which provide new insight into a rational design of materials with anisotropic electrical conductivity.

关键词： anisotropic electrical conductivity conduction loss(Lc) interfacial polarization loss(LIP) effective electrical conductivity co-optimize impedance matching(Zin/Z0) electromagnetic wave loss

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