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Design Strategies for Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries with High Zinc Utilization: From Metal Anodes to Anode-Free Structures

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 305-349页

作者： Xianfu Zhang Long Zhang Xinyuan Jia Wen Song yongchang liu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing30 College RoadBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China

Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage due to the excellent safety, environmental friendliness, natural abundance, high theoretical specific capacity, and low redox potential of zinc(Zn) metal. However,several issues such as dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution, corrosion, and passivation of Zn metal anodes cause irreversible loss of the active materials. To solve these issues, researchers often use large amounts of excess Zn to ensure a continuous supply of active materials for Zn anodes. This leads to the ultralow utilization of Zn anodes and squanders the high energy density of AZMBs. Herein, the design strategies for AZMBs with high Zn utilization are discussed in depth, from utilizing thinner Zn foils to constructing anode-free structures with theoretical Zn utilization of 100%, which provides comprehensive guidelines for further research. Representative methods for calculating the depth of discharge of Zn anodes with different structures are first summarized. The reasonable modification strategies of Zn foil anodes, current collectors with pre-deposited Zn, and anode-free aqueous Zn metal batteries(AF-AZMBs) to improve Zn utilization are then detailed. In particular, the working mechanism of AF-AZMBs is systematically introduced. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for constructing high-utilization Zn anodes are presented.

关键词： Aqueous zinc metal batteries Zinc anodes High zinc utilization Depth of discharge Anode-free structures

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Recent advances and perspectives in MXene-based cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1752-1765页

作者： Aiduo Wu Tianhao Wang Long Zhang Chen Chen Qiaomin Li Xuanhui Qu yongchang liu Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Economics and Management University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)show great potential for applications in grid-scale energy storage,given their intrinsic safety,cost effectiveness,environmental friendliness,and impressive electrochemical ***,strong electrostatic interactions exist between zinc ions and host materials,and they hinder the development of advanced cathode materials for efficient,rapid,and stable Zn-ion *** and their derivatives possess a large interlayer spacing,excellent hydrophilicity,outstanding electronic conductivity,and high redox *** materials are considered“rising star”cathode candidates for *** comprehensive review discusses recent advances in MXenes as AZIB cathodes from the perspectives of crystal structure,Zn-storage mechanism,surface modification,interlayer engineering,and conductive network design to elucidate the correlations among their composition,structure,and electrochemical *** work also outlines the remaining challenges faced by MXenes for aqueous Zn-ion storage,such as the urgent need for improved toxic preparation methods,exploration of potential novel MXene cathodes,and suppression of layered MXene restacking upon cycling,and introduces the prospects of MXene-based cathode materials for high-performance AZIBs.

关键词： aqueous zinc-ion batteries MXenes terminal groups interlayer engineering conductive network design

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Improving creep strength of the fine-grained heat-affected zone of novel 9Cr martensitic heat-resistant steel via modified thermo-mechanical treatment

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1037-1047页

作者： Jingwen Zhang Liming Yu yongchang liu Ran Ding Chenxi liu Zongqing Ma Huijun Li Qiuzhi Gao Hui Wang State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin Key Lab of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004China School of Mechanical Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

The infamous type Ⅳ failure within the fine-grained heat-affected zone (FGHAZ) in G115 steel weldments seriously threatens the safe operation of ultra-supercritical (USC) power *** this work,the traditional thermo-mechanical treatment was modified via the replacement of hot-rolling with cold rolling,i.e.,normalizing,cold rolling,and tempering (NCT),which was developed to improve the creep strength of the FGHAZ in G115 steel *** NCT treatment effectively promoted the dissolution of preformed M_(23)C_(6)particles and relieved the boundary segregation of C and Cr during welding thermal cycling,which accelerated the dispersed reprecipitation of M_(23)C_(6) particles within the fresh reaustenitized grains during post-weld heat *** addition,the precipitation of Cu-rich phases and MX particles was promoted evidently due to the deformation-induced *** a result,the interacting actions between precipitates,dislocations,and boundaries during creep were reinforced *** this strategy,the creep rupture life of the FGHAZ in G115 steel weldments can be prolonged by 18.6%,which can further push the application of G115 steel in USC power plants.

关键词： G115 steel fine-grained heat-affected zone creep strength element segregation nano-sized precipitates

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"Win-Win" Scenario of High Energy Density and Long Cycling Life in a Novel Na3.9MnCr0.9Zr0.1（PO4）3 Cathode

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 87-94页

作者： Yao Wang Yukun liu Pingge He Junteng Jin Xudong Zhao Qiuyu Shen Jie Li Xuanhui Qu yongchang liu Lifang Jiao Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University

The development of high-energy and long-lifespan NASICON-type cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries has always been a research hotspot but a daunting *** Na4MnCr（PO4）3has emerged as one of the most promising high-energy-density cathode materials owing to its threeelectron reactions,it still suffers from serious structural distortion upon repetitive charge/discharge processes caused by the Jahn-Teller active Mn3+.

关键词： high energy density mechanism investigation NASICON-type cathodes sodium-ion batteries structure modification

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结合分割算法和图卷积网络的车载点云分类方法

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应用科学学报 2024年第3期42卷 405-415页

作者：刘亚文刘永畅武汉大学遥感信息工程学院湖北武汉430079

车载点云数据语义标注是道路场景语义分析和理解的前提,该文提出了结合分割算法和图卷积网络的车载点云分类方法。首先利用具有噪声的基于密度的聚类方法(densitybased spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)将点云分... 详细信息

车载点云数据语义标注是道路场景语义分析和理解的前提,该文提出了结合分割算法和图卷积网络的车载点云分类方法。首先利用具有噪声的基于密度的聚类方法(densitybased spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)将点云分割成点簇,并以点簇为节点,相邻点簇构成边,节点和边形成图;然后利用图卷积网络对图节点进行半监督分类,得到点云中任一点的类别标注。实验表明,所提方法以点簇代替原始点云,极大减少了算法处理的数据量;半监督图卷积网络模型顾及了点云数据的上下文关联,在少量标注样本的情况下,能够获得较高的分类精度,场景简单的实验数据分类精度可以与Pointnet++模型相当,场景较为复杂的实验数据分类精度与Pointnet++模型相差在6.7%以内。

关键词：点云分割图卷积网络点云分类

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高Cr马氏体耐热钢的协同强化机制及形变热处理应用

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金属学报 2024年第6期60卷 713-730页

作者：张竟文余黎明刘晨曦丁然刘永长天津大学材料科学与工程学院水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室天津300354

高Cr(9%~12%,质量分数)马氏体耐热钢因其较高的热导率、较低的热膨胀系数以及优异的高温蠕变强度等优点而被认为是超超临界火电机组关键设备升级改造的主选材料。然而,服役过程中高Cr马氏体耐热钢高温蠕变强度的不断弱化严重影响了其安... 详细信息

高Cr(9%~12%,质量分数)马氏体耐热钢因其较高的热导率、较低的热膨胀系数以及优异的高温蠕变强度等优点而被认为是超超临界火电机组关键设备升级改造的主选材料。然而,服役过程中高Cr马氏体耐热钢高温蠕变强度的不断弱化严重影响了其安全可靠性。以往提升高Cr马氏体耐热钢高温蠕变强度的主要手段是通过合金成分优化设计来促进沉淀相弥散析出,但单一析出强化效应对蠕变强度的提升效果非常有限。近年来,位错-沉淀相-界面协同强化效应在提升高Cr马氏体耐热钢高温蠕变性能方面表现出显著效果。其原理是通过形变热处理引入位错来促进多种沉淀相弥散析出,同时通过控制相变来细化板条组织,增强位错、沉淀相及界面3者之间的交互作用,从而实现多类蠕变强化效应的协同提升。本文总结了高Cr马氏体耐热钢的协同强化机制及形变热处理组织调控,从高温蠕变强度提升角度回顾了合金成分的优化历程,阐述了热处理过程中的相变行为及高温组织退化机理,对比分析了单一析出强化效应及形变热处理后位错-沉淀相-界面协同强化效应对其高温蠕变强度的影响规律,并基于焊接接头蠕变失效行为探索了形变热处理对焊接热影响区的组织调控机制,以期为高Cr马氏体耐热钢及其他火电机组用沉淀型强化耐热钢的材料设计及工程应用提供指导。

关键词：高Cr马氏体耐热钢高温蠕变强度协同强化形变热处理组织调控

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AI“复生”:一种数字生命的生成、可能及其文化逻辑

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传媒观察 2024年第4期484卷 55-62页

作者：刘永昶南京师范大学新闻与传播学院江苏南京210024

AI“复生”因人类巨大的心理渴求和愈来愈迅猛的技术迭进,已经在我们的生活界面中有着或隐或现的表达。一部媒介发展史体现着人类与时间抗衡的木乃伊情结,所有媒介其实都是不同层阶的、或微观或宏观的人类“生命”载体。生命必须转化为... 详细信息

AI“复生”因人类巨大的心理渴求和愈来愈迅猛的技术迭进,已经在我们的生活界面中有着或隐或现的表达。一部媒介发展史体现着人类与时间抗衡的木乃伊情结,所有媒介其实都是不同层阶的、或微观或宏观的人类“生命”载体。生命必须转化为数据,数据可以重建生命,概言之,放到数字时代的大背景中,AI“复生”其实是人类从数字化生存中逐步推演探寻出的数字化生命可能。一面是需求逻辑,一面是生产逻辑,需求者和技术“灵媒”产生了商品交易的关系,实际上这就是我们这个时代大众文化运行的基本逻辑。“哪里有危险,哪里也就生救渡”,AI“复生”创造了“生机”,也因此会带来危机。终归技术是冰冷的,然而人心赋予它体温。

关键词：人工智能数字生命 “复生” 文化逻辑

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9Cr-1.5W-0.15Ta耐热钢搅拌摩擦焊焊缝组织和冲击性能分析

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焊接学报 2024年第4期45卷 36-42,I0005页

作者：张超周猛兵崔雷陶欣王军王伟刘永长中国核动力研究设计院第四研究所成都610213 天津大学天津市现代连接技术重点实验室天津300354 天津大学水利安全与仿真国家重点实验室天津300354

对9Cr-1.5W-0.15Ta耐热钢搅拌摩擦焊焊缝的微观组织演变和冲击性能进行了分析.结果表明,由于搅拌针剧烈的机械搅拌和焊接热循环的双重作用,搅拌摩擦焊缝区域内发生晶粒破碎、完全奥氏体化动态再结晶、晶界处M23C6相溶解和晶内M3C相析出... 详细信息

对9Cr-1.5W-0.15Ta耐热钢搅拌摩擦焊焊缝的微观组织演变和冲击性能进行了分析.结果表明,由于搅拌针剧烈的机械搅拌和焊接热循环的双重作用,搅拌摩擦焊缝区域内发生晶粒破碎、完全奥氏体化动态再结晶、晶界处M23C6相溶解和晶内M3C相析出,焊后较大的冷却速率抑制晶粒长大,促进了马氏体转变.在−100~20℃温度内进行了冲击试验,随着冲击试验温度的增加,母材和FSW焊缝的冲击吸收能量均表现为单调增大的特征,同时冲击断裂模式由脆性断裂逐渐转变为延性断裂.由于FSW焊缝中板条马氏体的形成、“针状”M3C碳化物的析出,FSW焊缝的硬度显著增大,并且在相同温度下FSW焊缝的冲击韧性发生降低,韧—脆转变温度由母材的−50℃升高至−40.2℃.

关键词： 9Cr-1.5W-0.15Ta耐热钢搅拌摩擦焊微观组织冲击韧性韧—脆转变温度

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Variation of activation energy determined by a modified Arrhenius approach:Roles of dynamic recrystallization on the hot deformation of Ni-based superalloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第13期72卷 162-171页

作者： Peiru Yang Chenxi liu Qianying Guo yongchang liu State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety School of Materials Science&EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300354China

The hot deformation behaviors of Ni18 Cr9 Co9 Fe5 Nb3 Mo superalloy were explored in the formation temperature range free ofγ’phase with various strain rates *** hot deformation behaviors are initially modeled with Arrhenius equation which gives an average activation energy of 581.1 kJ mol^(-1).A modified Arrhenius approach,including the updated Zener-Hollomon parameter is proposed to consider the change of activation ene rgy under different deformation conditions which turns out a relatively accurate computation for activation energy of hot deformation,i.e.,the standard variance for modified model calculated in the covered deformation condition is just 35.4%of that for Arrhenius *** modified model also proposes a map for activation ene rgy which ranges from 571.5-589.0 kJ mol^(-1)for various deformation *** features of the representative superalloy specimens were characterized by electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)techniques in order to clarify the influence of activation energy on the microstructural *** is found that the Ni-based superalloy samples with higher activation energy are promoted by the degree of dynamic recrystallization which suggests that the rise in activation energy gives either a better recrystallization rate or finer grains.

关键词： Arrhenius constitution equation Activation energy map Hot deformation Dynamicrecrystallization

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Residual Ferrite Control of 9Cr ODS Steels by Tailoring Reverse Austenite Transformation

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第2期34卷 187-195页

作者： Xiaosheng Zhou Hao Chen Chenxi liu yongchang liu Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300354China

By tailoring the reverse austenite transformation behavior of 9 Cr oxide dispersion strengthened(ODS)ferritic/martensitic steels,the residual ferrite in ODS steels can be *** reverse austenite transformation behavior of ODS steels is closely related to the initial microstructure conditions prior to austenite *** the spark plasma sintered steels,both the amount and size of residual ferrite decrease with increasing heating ***,high heating rate will increase the amount and size of residual ferrite in annealed ODS *** an isothermal treatment is performed at temperatures above Ac 1,lower isothermal temperature has a more evident effect on the ferrite distribution in spark plasma sintered steels than that in annealed ones.

关键词： Oxide dispersion strengthened steels Residual ferrite Austenite transformation

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