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Integration of high-rate filtration using waste-derived biochar as a potential sustainable technology for drinking water supply

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1075-1097页

作者： Fernando García-Ávila Andrés Galarza-Guamán Mónica Barros-Bermeo Emigdio Antonio Alfaro-Paredes Alex Avilés-Añazco Sergio lglesias-Abad Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad de CuencaCuencaEcuador Departamento de Química Aplicada y Sistemas de Producción Grupo de Evaluación de Riesgos Ambientales en Sistemas de Producción y Servicios(RISKEN)CuencaEcuador Professional School of Systems Engineering Research Institute of Science and TechnologyUniversidad César VallejoLimaPeru Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental Universidad Católica de CuencaCuencaEcuador

This research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of eucalyptus(E)and bamboo(B)residual biomass biochars as filter materials for drinking water *** efficiencies of these two biochars in the rapid filtration process were evaluated using water(raw,flocculated and settled)at the rate of 120 m^(3)/m^(2)/*** that bamboo biochar manufactured under a slow pyrolysis process"b"(Bb)had the best ***,Bb was evaluated with three different granulometries,and it was found that the effective size with the best performance was the finest(0.6-1.18 mm).Subsequently,this biochar was compared with conventional filter materials such as gravel,sand and anthracite,using different types of water(raw,flocculated and settled)and at different filtration rates(120 and 240 m^(3)/m^(2)/d),and it was found that the filter material with the best performance was precisely biochar,with average removal efficiencies of 64.37%turbidity and 45.08%colour for raw water;93.9%turbidity and 90.75%colour for flocculated water,and 80.79%turbidity and 69.03%colour for settled *** efficiency using simple beds of sand,biochar,anthracite and gravel at the rate of 180 m^(3)/m^(2)/d was 75.9%copper,90.72%aluminium,95.7%iron,10.9%nitrates,94.3%total coliforms and 88.9%fecal *** efficiencies achieved by biochar were higher compared to those of conventional filter *** was also found that biochar contributes to improving the performance of sand and anthracite in mixed ***,it was possible to demonstrate that the volume of washing water required for the biochar is lower compared to the other filter ***,it is recommended to carry out more tests for the purification of water with biochars from rural areas affected by the mining and oil exploitation,as well as the purification of seawater with biochars from coastal areas with residues from dry forests and organic residues from municipalities.

关键词： Biochar Filter medium Rapid filtration Pyrolysis Eucalyptus Bamboo

Tentative Identification of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities during Fruit-Ripening on Chamaedorea radicalis Mart.

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第2期89卷 361-373页

作者： Gerardo Montelongo-Ruiz yolanda del Rocio Moreno-Ramirez Maria Cruz Juarez-Aragon NohemiNino-Garcia Reyna Ivonne Torres-Acosta Torres-Castillo Jorge Ariel Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas Instituto de Ecologia AplicadaCiudad Victoria87019Mexico Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas Unidad Academica Multidisciplinaria ManteCiudad Mante89840Mexico

This work aims to determine the phytochemical characterization of the pericarp of Chamaedorea radicalis *** as a non-timber product with potential to obtain phytochemicals with potential applications in the *** from *** were grouped in four ripening stages named as S1,S2,S3 and S4,according to maturity;S1 the most unripe stage and S4 the completely ripe *** of total phenolic compounds,free radical scavenging activities and total flavonoid contents using spectrophotometric methods were ***,the tentative identification of phytochemicals during fruit ripening was done using *** phenolic compound(TPC)content ranged from 7.24 to 12.53 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of fresh weight(mg GAE/g FW).Total flavonoids(TF)contents ranged from 0.163 to 0.23 mg of quercetin equivalents per g FW(mg QE/g FW).Free radical scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals varied from 40.80 to 53.68 and from 22.29 to 37.76 mmol Trolox equivalents g FW(mmol TE/g FW),*** assay in vitro by FRAP(ferric reducing antioxidant power)method showed that S3 was the highest level with antioxidant power while S4 was the lowest with Red ripeness stage showed the lowest contents for all *** spectrometry allowed detection of 26 compounds,including phenolics,alkaloids and ***,Kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside and the four saponins identified were present in all ripeness *** phytochemical identification and the spectrophotometric determinations showed that the pericarp of *** presented antioxidants and compounds related to alkaloids,phenolics and *** presence and abundance of each phytochemical regarding each ripeness stage should be considered.

关键词： Metabolite identification palm free radical scavenging phenolic compounds saponins

Characterization of the Atmospheric Dynamics in Riobamba City Using the Chaos Theory

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2015年第4期5卷 441-449页

作者： Arquímides Haro Cecilia Limaico yolanda Llosas Physics and Mathematics School Polytechnic School of Chimborazo Riobamba Ecuador Faculty of Engineering National University of Chimborazo Riobamba Ecuador Department of Automatic Control East University Santiago Cuba

Chaos studies all that is messy, disorganized and incoherent;mathematically the chaos is a dynamic system governed by nonlinear differential equations. Chaos has an unpredictable behavior;its dynamical is very sensitive to the initial conditions. Atypical chaotic system is the atmosphere;this limits the knowledge about its behavior;but with the advance in the computers, the results that are obtained with the chaos theory improved significantly;the description of atmosphera and its results have extended to other fields of the science, as the economy, health and others. The object of this work was to determine the atmospheric dynamics in the Riobamba city using the theory of chaos, with meteorological data of the meteorological station of the ESPOCH of one year (2010) of data that were processed with model TISEAN. The results determine a hyperchaotic system, according to the coefficients of Lyapunov.

关键词： Chaos Theory Atmospheric Variables Coefficients of Lyapunov Dynamics Entropy

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水稻田农药喷雾分布与雾滴沉积量的试验分析

农业机械学报 2004年第6期35卷 90-93页

作者：宋淑然洪添胜王卫星张和兴罗锡文 Sévila Franci 华南农业大学工程学院华南农业大学信息学院 Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomiquede Montpellier Franc

借助于荧光分光光度计测定出雾滴在水稻某一区域的沉积量 ,由此获得雾滴沉积量在水稻植株不同层间分布的规律。结果表明 :在按距离地面 4 0 cm以上、2 0～ 4 0 cm之间、5～ 2 0 cm之间对水稻分层时 ,层间的雾滴沉积量与水稻的高度成正... 详细信息

借助于荧光分光光度计测定出雾滴在水稻某一区域的沉积量 ,由此获得雾滴沉积量在水稻植株不同层间分布的规律。结果表明 :在按距离地面 4 0 cm以上、2 0～ 4 0 cm之间、5～ 2 0 cm之间对水稻分层时 ,层间的雾滴沉积量与水稻的高度成正比。采用 Matlab,对试验点上拍摄到的照片进行分析 ,建立了雾滴沉积量与对应的水稻植株面积间的相互关系。

关键词：水稻田农药喷雾雾滴沉积量荧光分光光度计

Particle Characteristics and Metal Release From Natural Rutile (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and Zircon Particles in Synthetic Body Fluids

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2012年第1期3卷 37-49页

作者： yolanda Hedberg Jonas Hedberg Inger Odnevall Wallinder Division of Surface and Corrosion Science Department of Chemistry Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm Sweden

Titanium oxide (rutile, TiO2) and zircon (ZrSiO4), known insoluble ceramic materials, are commonly used for coatings of implant materials. We investigate the release of zirconium, titanium, aluminum, iron, and silicon from different micron-sized powders of 6 powders of natural rutile (TiO2) and zircon (ZrSiO4) from a surface perspective. The investigation includes five different synthetic body fluids and two time periods of exposure, 2 and 24 hours. The solution chemicals rather than pH are important for the release of zirconium. When exceeding a critical amount of aluminum and silicon in the surface oxide, the particles seem to be protected from selective pH-specific release at neutral or weakly alkaline pH. The importance of bulk and surface composition and individual changes between different kinds of the same material is elucidated. Changes in material properties and metal release characteristics with particle size are presented for zircon.

关键词： Rutile Zircon Metal ion release Particles Surface analysis

Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 16-20页

作者： Guadalupe Álvarez-Hernán José Antonio de Mera-Rodríguez yolanda Gañán Jorge Solana-Fajardo Gervasio Martín-Partido Joaquín Rodríguez-León Javier Francisco-Morcillo Área de Biología Celular Departamento de AnatomíaBiología Celular y ZoologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de ExtremaduraBadajozSpain Área de Anatomía Humana Departamento de AnatomíaBiología Celular y ZoologíaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ExtremaduraBadajozSpain Servicio de Oftalmología Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de BadajozBadajozSpain

The visual system is affected by neurodegenerative diseases caused by the degeneration of specific retinal neurons,the leading cause of irreversible blindness in *** vertebrate phylogeny,the retina has two kinds of specialized niches of constitutive neurogenesis:the retinal progenitors located in the circumferential marginal zone and Müller *** proliferative activity in the retinal progenitors located in the circumferential marginal zone in precocial birds such as the chicken,the commonest bird model used in developmental and regenerative studies,is very *** region adds only a few retinal cells to the peripheral edge of the retina during several months after hatching,but does not seem to be involved in retinal regeneration.Müller cells in the chicken retina are not proliferative under physiological conditions,but after acute damage some of them undergo a reprogramming event,dedifferentiating into retinal stem cells and generating new retinal ***,regenerative response after injury occurs with low efficiency in the precocial avian *** contrast,it has recently been shown that neurogenesis is intense in the retina of altricial birds at *** particular,abundant proliferative activity is detected both in the circumferential marginal zone and in the outer half of the inner nuclear ***,stem cell niches are very active in the retina of altricial *** more extensive research is needed to assess the potential of proliferating cells in the adult retina of altricial birds,it emerges as an attractive model for studying different aspects of neurogenesis and neural regeneration in vertebrates.

关键词： altricial birds circumferential marginal zone Müller glia postnatal neurogenesis precocial regeneration retinogenesis

Thermal Flows in the Surface Atmosphere of the Riobamba City

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2014年第4期4卷 679-684页

作者： Arquímides Haro Cecilia Limaico yolanda Llosas Physics and Mathematical School Polytechnic School of Chimborazo Riobamba Ecuador Department of Automatic Control East University Santiago Cuba

This study evaluated the behavior of surface heat fluxes, in the meteorological and physical conditions of the Riobamba city (height of 2754 m regarding the sea level, geographical position 1°58'58'' Sour of latitude and 78°39'33'' West of longitude, and it is located in the Ecuadorian inter-Andean alley), these meteorological data were monitored at the ESPOCH stations of the alternative energy group during 2010-2012, and applied information processing dynamic model formulated by Van Ulden and Hostlag, which allows the determination of heat flow of sensible heat, latent heat and surface heat generated in the interaction soil-air. The measures allow us to know the average behavior of the heat flow data with variation between, 38.22, 22.15 and 155.20 W/m2 for the latent, sensible and surface heat respectively, while during the day hours significant variations in these flows that reach maximum values during the day with 139, 127 and 763 W/m2 and minimum at the night -3.9, -27.5 and -263.3 W/m2;results differ from those obtained under normal conditions at sea level.

关键词： Thermal Flows Radiation Latent Heat Surface Heat Sensible Heat

Postnatal development of fetuses with a single umbilical artery:differences between malformed and non-malformed infants

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第1期11卷 61-66页

作者： Jose Vicente Arcos-Machancoses Purificación Marín-Reina Eugenia Romaguera-Salort yolanda García-Camuñas Antonio Pérez-Aytés Máximo Vento Department of Pediatrics University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe Valencia Spain Division of Neonatology University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe Valencia Spain Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe Valencia Spain Division of Dysmorphology & Reproductive Assessment University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe Valencia Spain

Background:The presence of a single umbilical artery(SUA)is a fetal soft marker of congenital *** the most common related malformations,there are cardiological,nephrourological and digestive anomalies,most of which are considered to have a vascular *** is an association between increased incidence of intrauterine growth retardation and adverse perinatal indicators,but whether this association is due to related anomalies or isolated SUA(SUA)is ***:We reviewed 96 cases of iSUA and non-isolated SUA(niSUA),diagnosed in a period of two years in a referral hospital for high-risk *** on prenatal explorations,including fetal ultrasonography and karyotyping,were *** was diagnosed when no malformations were found prenatally or in postnatal ***:Sixty-six newborns(68.8%)had no other anomalies and 30(31.3%)presented with a variety of malformations including heart diseases,urophaties,digestive,nervous and musculoskeletal disorders,genetic abnormalities and complex *** and nephrourological abnormalities were found to be the most frequent association with a SUA(both in 23.8%of malformed SUA newborns).Intrauterine growth restriction was not higher in iSUA newborns than in a normal *** allowed optimal prenatal diagnosis in most ***:The prognosis of the fetus with a SUA is determined by the presence of other malformations observed by an expert *** no other findings are made,only a routine physical examination should be performed in newborns,but no other complementary examinations are required.

关键词： cardiovascular abnormalities congenital abnormalities fetal growth retardation prenatal ultrasonography single umbilical artery

The Farallon-Aluk ridge collision with South America:Implications for the geochemical changes of slab window magmas from fore- to back-arc

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第4期4卷 377-388页

作者： Eugenio Aragón Lucio Pinotti Fernando D'Eramo Antonio Castro Osvaldo Rabbia Jorge Coniglio Manuel Demartis Irene Hernando Claudia E.Cavarozzi yolanda E.Aguilera Centro de Investigaciones Geologicas(UNLP-CONICET) 1 N°644(1900) La Plata.Buenos Aires.Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de la Plata122 y 60s/n.(1900).La PlataBuenos AiresArgentina Departamento de Geologia.Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto.(UNRC-CONICET).Ruta 36 km 601.Rio Cuarto.Cordoba.Argentina Departamento de Geologia.Universidad de Huelva.21071 Huelva.Spain Instituto de Geologia Economica Aplicada.Universidad de Concepcion.Concepcion.Chile Departamento de Geologia.Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto.(UNRC-CONICET) Ruta 36 km 601.Rio Cuarto.CordobaArgentina Centro de Investigaciones Geologicas(UNLP-CONICET).1 N°644.(1900) La Plata.Buenos Aires.Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo.Universidad Nacional de la Plata.122 y 60 s/n.(1900).La PlataBuenos Aires.Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo.Universidad National dela Plata.122 y 60 s/n(1900)La Plata.Buenos Aires.Argentina Direccion de Aplicacion de Imagenes Satelitarias(M.O.S.P.).58 e/ 7 y 8.piso 2.1900 La Plata.Buenos Aires.Argentina

The collision of a divergent ocean ridge may evolve into two end cases： in the continuity of ocean-floor subduction, or in the detachment of the subducted plate. The northern Patagonia active plate margin has the unique situation that in Cenozoic time it has been subjected to two divergent ridge collisions, each one representing one of the end members. The Neogene Antarctica-Nazca divergent ridge collision evolved as a continuous ocean-floor subduction system, promoting a magmatic hiatus at the arc axis, the obduction of part of the ridge ocean-floor in the fore-arc, and basaltic volcanism in the back-arc. In contrast, the Paleogene Farallon-Aluk divergent ridge collision evolved into a transform margin, with the detachment and sinking of the Aluk plate and the development of a large slab window. As in the previous case, this collision promoted a magmatic hiatus at the arc axis, but the tectono-magmatic scenario changed to postorogenic synextensional volcanism that spread to the former fore-arc （basalt, andesite, rhyolite） and former back-arc （bimodal ignimbrite flare-up, basalt）. Geochemistry of this slab window synextensional volcanism shows more MORB-like basalts towards the former fore-arc, and MORB-OIB-Iike basalts towards the former back-arc. Instead, an isolated undeformable crustal block in the former back-arc, with an ＂epeirogenic＂ response to the slab window and extensional regime, was covered by OIB-type basalts after uplift. Major elements show that slab window basalts reach TiO2 values up to 3 wt%, as compared with the top value of 1.5 wt% of arc magmas. Besides, the MgO with respect to （FeOt ＋ A1203） ratio helps to distinguish slab window magma changes from the former fore-arc to the former back-arc and also with respect to the ＂epeirogenic＂ block. Higher contents of HFS elements such as Nb and Ta also help to distinguish this slab window from arc magmas and also, to distinguish slab window magma changes from the former fore-arc to the former back-arc

关键词： AndesActive ridge collisionSubduction-transform transitionSlab window volcanismSynextensional calc-alkalineBimodal volcanism