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Impact of smoking on nasal mucociliary clearance time in Kano metropolis,Nigeria

World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第1期9卷 53-58页

作者： Ahmad Mahmud Abubakar D.Salisu Emmanuel S.Kolo Muhammad G.Hasheem Nafisatu Bello-Muhammad Ahmad R.Tukur yasir j.nuhu Rabiu I.jalo Department of ENT Federal Medical Centre YolaYolaNigeria Department of ENT Aminu Kano Teaching HospitalKanoNigeria Department of ENT Aminu Kano Teaching HospitalBayero University KanoKanoNigeria Department of Community Medicine Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital/Bayero University KanoKanoNigeria

Background:Mucociliary clearance is an important defense mechanism in human upper and lower respiratory *** of this process by certain conditions such as cigarette smoking can predispose to chronic infection and neoplasm of the nose and paranasal ***:This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Kano metropolis,*** adults were enrolled,a saccharine test was conducted,and the nasal mucociliary clearance time was *** of the result was carried out using Statistical Product and Service Solutions version ***:There were 225 participants categorized into 75 active smokers(33.3%),74 passive smokers(32.9%),and 76 nonsmokers(33.8%,living in a smoking-free zone).The age range of the participants was between 18 and 50 years,with a mean age of(31.2±5.6)*** participants were *** were 139(61.8%)of Hausa-Fulani ethnic group,24(10.7%)Yoruba,18(8.0%)Igbo,and 44(19.5%)other ethnic *** in this study showed that the average mucociliary clearance time among active smokers was prolonged([15.25±6.20]min)compared to passive([11.41±4.25]min)and nonsmokers([9.17±2.76]min)respectively,with a statistical significance(F=33.59,P<0.001).Binary logistic regression revealed that the number of cigarettes smoked per day was an independent predictor of prolonged mucociliary clearance time(P=0.008,odds ratio=0.44,95%confidence interval=0.24–0.80).Conclusion:Active cigarette smoking is associated with prolonged nasal mucociliary clearance *** number of cigarette sticks smoked per day was found to be an independent predictor of prolonged mucociliary clearance time.

关键词： ciliary dyskinesia mucociliary clearance saccharin test smoking

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Influence of automotive emission on air pollution using GIS in Faisalabad,Pakistan

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International journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第1期8卷 111-116页

作者： yasir Niaz Zhou jiti Yu Zhang Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

This study was conducted to explore the major sources of pollutants including total suspended particles and levels of NOx,COx,and SOx in Faisalabad Pakistan,which make key contributions to the smog in *** is the third largest city of Pakistan where the situation is aggravating due to industrial expansion,population growth and an increasing volume of *** was conducted for the period of three months at different stations in *** concentrations of total suspended particles,levels of NOx,SOx and COx are 160μg/m^(3) to 506μg/m^(3),26μg/m^(3) to 64μg/m^(3),110μg/m^(3) to 139μg/m^(3) and 5.5 mg/m^(3) to 18.2 mg/m^(3),*** a result,air pollution control should not simply focus on controlling particulate emission,but also involve adopting an integrated multi-pollutant control *** concentrations were at an intermediate level with respect to parameters by using Geographical Information System(GIS)and *** results were compared with the permissible limits of United States Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA)and National Environmental Quality Standards(NEQS).

关键词： automotive emissions air pollution total suspended particulates(TSP) geographical information system GPS USEPA NEQS

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Experimental and numerical investigations of interface properties of Ti6Al4V/CP-Ti/Copper composite plate prepared by explosive welding

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第5期17卷 1592-1601页

作者： yasir Mahmood Peng-wan Chen I.A.Bataev Xin Gao State Key Lab of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology100081PR China Novosibirsk State Technical University K.Marks 20630073NovosibirskRussia

Explosive welding technique is widely used in many *** technique is useful to weld different kinds of metal alloys that are not easily welded by any other welding *** plays an important role to improve the welding quality and control energy loss during the collision *** this paper,the Ti6Al4V plate was welded with a copper plate in the presence of a commercially pure titanium *** details of welded composite plate were observed through optical and scanning electron ***-base plate interface morphology showed a wavy structure with solid melted regions inside the ***,the energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis in the interlayer-base interface reveals that there are some identified regions of different kinds of chemical equilibrium phases of CueTi,***,Cu_(2)Ti,CuTi_(2),Cu_(4)Ti,*** study the mechanical properties of composite plates,mechanical tests were conducted,including the tensile test,bending test,shear test and Vickers hardness *** simulation of explosive welding process was performed with coupled Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic method,Euler and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian *** multi-physics process of explosive welding,including detonation,jetting and interface morphology,was observed with ***,simulated plastic strain,temperature and pressure profiles were analysed to understand the welding *** results show that the interlayer base plate interface was created due to the high plastic deformation and localized melting of the parent *** the collision point,both alloys behave like fluids,resulting in the formation of a wavy morphology with vortices,which is in good agreement with the experimental results.

关键词： Explosive welding Ti6Al4V/CP-Ti/Cu Smooth particle hydrodynamic(SPH) Microstructure Mechanical properties

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Spatial variance and assessment of nitrogen dioxide pollution in major cities of Pakistan along N5-Highway

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 4-14页

作者： yasir Shabbir Muhammad Fahim Khokhar Reza Shaiganfar Thomas Wagner Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)Islamabad Pakistan Satellite Remote Sensing Group Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry

This paper discusses the findings of the first car MAX-DOAS（multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy） field campaign（300 km long） along the National Highway-05（N5-Highway） of Pakistan conducted on 13 and 14 November, 2012. The main objective of the field campaign was to assess the spatial distribution of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide（NO_2）columns and corresponding concentrations along the N5-Highway from Islamabad to *** identification of NO_2 revealed that the concentrations were higher within major cities along the highway. The highest NO_2 vertical column densities（NO_2VCDs） were found around two major cities of Rawalpindi and Lahore. This study also presents a comparison of NO_2 VCDs measured by the ozone monitoring instrument（OMI） and car MAX-DOAS observations. The comparison revealed similar spatial distribution of the NO_2 columns with both car MAX-DOAS and satellite observations, but the car MAX-DOAS observations show much more spatial details. Maximum NO_2 VCD retrieved from car MAX-DOAS observations was up to an order of magnitude larger than the OMI observations in urban areas.

关键词： Car MAX-DOAS Satellite remote sensing Nitrogen dioxide N5-Highway Pakistan National Environmental Quality Standards

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Facile synthesis of samarium and cerium doped double perovskite cobaltite with enhanced dielectric response

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1317-1327,I0005页

作者： yasir Abbas M.Kamran M.Anis-ur-Rehman Applied Thermal Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan

The investigation of Sm-Ce doping on structure,conduction,and dielectric response of Bi_(2)Ca_(2-2x)Sm_(x)CexCoO_(6)(x=0.000,0.025,0.050,0.075)(BCSCCO)are *** the specimens were synthesized by a facile synthesis technique named the co-precipitation route.X-ray diffraction(XRD)reveals that BCSCCO crystallizes into one phase with space group P21/*** crystallite size,dislocation density,lattice parameters,lattice strain,unit cell volume,and bulk density were determined using XRD *** structural properties of Bi_(2)Ca_(2)CoO_(6)were examined using calculations based on the density functional *** and experimental values discrepancy is less than 1%.A scanning electron microscope was used for performing a microstructural *** SEM images demonstrate the homogeneous distribution of grains with a range of sizes(0.054-0.090μm).The alternating current(ac)conductivity,dielectric permittivity,and tangent loss were also studied as a function of frequency(20 Hz-3 MHz)at different temperatures(100-500℃).All synthesized samples were examined using non-linear Debye's function to determine their spreading factor and relaxation *** specimen with the lowest crystallite size(∼23 nm)exhibits a high dielectric permittivity(∼3.80×10^(6)).The conduction mechanism was examined in the studied samples with the use of jonscher's power *** power law indicates that the BCSCCO(x=0.000,0.025)follows correlated barrier hopping,whereas the x=0.050 and 0.075 compositions follow non-overlapping polaron *** studied specimen Bi_(2)Ca_(1.9)0Sm_(0.05)0Ce_(0.05)_(0)CoO_(6)with the highest density(∼5.65 g/cm^(3))displays a high electrical conductivity(∼46.1 S/cm).These findings correspond to those published for ceramics made from calcium cobaltite using solid-state reactions(5.0-26.0 S/cm).

关键词： Bismuth calcium samarium cerium cobaltite (BCSCCO) Spreading factor Conduction mechanism Rare earths

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Fractional order adaptive robust formation control of multiple quad-rotor UAVs with parametric uncertainties and wind disturbances

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Chinese journal of Aeronautics 2022年第8期35卷 204-220页

作者： Nasim ULLAH yasir MEHMOOD jawad ASLAM Shaoping WANG Khamphe PHOUNGTHONG Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center Faculty of Environmental ManagementPrince of Songkla UniversitySongkhla 90112Thailand Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Taif UniversityAl-HawiyahTaif P.O Box:888Kingdom of Saudi Arabia School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering NUSTIslamabad 44000 Pakistan School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China Faculty of Environmental Management Prince of Songkla UniversitySongkla90112Thailand

In recent times,multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)are being widely utilized in several areas of applications such as agriculture,surveillance,disaster management,search and rescue *** of robustness of applied control schemes determines how accurate a swarm of UAVs accomplish group *** and trajectory tracking controllers are required for the swarm of multiple *** like external environmental effects,parametric uncertainties and wind gusts make the controller design process as a challenging *** article proposes fractional order formation and trajectory tacking controllers for multiple quad-rotors using Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control(STSMC)*** compensate the effects of the disturbances due to parametric uncertainties and wind gusts,Lyapunov function based adaptive controllers are ***,Lyapunov theorem is used to guarantee the stability of the proposed *** types of controllers,namely fixed gain STSMC and fractional order Adaptive Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control(ASTSMC)methods are tested for the swarm of UAVs by performing the numerical simulations in MATLAB/Simulink *** the presented results,it is verified that in presence of wind disturbances and parametric uncertainties,the proposed fractional order ASTSMC technique showed improved robustness as compared to the fixed gain STSMC and integer order ASTSMC.

关键词： Adaptive robust control Fractional order control Nonlinear control Quad-rotor UAVs Swarm formation control

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Solid lipid nanoparticles for nose to brain delivery of haloperidol:in vitro drug release and pharmacokinetics evaluation

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2014年第6期4卷 454-463页

作者： Mohd yasir Udai Vir Singh Sara Department of Pharmacy Uttarakhand Technical UniversityDehradun 248007UttarakhandIndia Department of Pharmaceutics ITS Pharmacy CollegeMuradnagarGhaziabad 201206Uttar PradeshIndia College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Raj Kumar Goel Institute of TechnologyGhaziabad 201201Uttar PradeshIndia

In the present study,haloperidol(HP)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles(SLNs)were prepared to enhance the uptake of HP to brain via intranasal(i.n.)*** were prepared by a modified emulsification-diffusion technique and evaluated for particle size,zeta potential,drug entrapment efficiency,in vitro drug release,and *** parameters were found to be in an acceptable *** vitro drug release was found to be 94.1674.78%after 24 h and was fitted to the Higuchi model with a very high correlation coefficient(R2¼0.9941).Pharmacokinetics studies were performed on albino Wistar rats and the concentration of HP in brain and blood was measured by high performance liquid *** brain/blood ratio at 0.5 h for HP-SLNs i.n.,HP *** HP *** 1.61,0.17 and 0.031,respectively,indicating direct nose-to-brain transport,bypassing the blood-brain *** maximum concentration(Cmax)in brain achieved from *** of HP-SLNs(329.17720.89 ng/mL,Tmax 2 h)was significantly higher than that achieved after i.v.(76.9577.62 ng/mL,Tmax 1 h),and i.n.(90.1376.28 ng/mL,Tmax 2 h)administration of HP *** highest drug-targeting efficiency(2362.43%)and direct transport percentage(95.77%)was found with HP-SLNs as compared to the other *** DTE(%)and DTP(%)suggest that HP-SLNs have better brain targeting efficiency as compared to other formulations.

关键词： Brain targeting Haloperidol Intranasal route Pharmacokinetics Solid lipid nanoparticles

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Severe Cut Throat Injury in a Child: A Case Report and Review of Literature

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International journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第4期13卷 285-292页

作者： Nafisatu Bello-Muhammad Hamisu Abdullahi yasir nuhu jibril Auwal Adamu Manir Hamza Anka Muhammad Ghazali Hasheem Department of ENT Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Bayero University Kano Nigeria Department of ENT Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria Department of ENT Federal University of Health Sciences Azare Bauchi State Nigeria

Background: Cut-throat injury is a potentially fatal condition that may be associated with serious morbidity and mortality. The neck region is particularly at risk of serious injuries due to the location of vital structures, including nerves, viscera, and major vessels. Although cut-throat injury is said to be rare in children, its occurrence has been reported in some series. Management of this condition requires a multidisciplinary approach for a better outcome. Aim: The aim of this report is to highlight the successful management of an alarming case of severe cut-throat injury with associated laryngeal injury in a child. Case presentation: A 12-year-old boy presented with a cut-throat following an assault by an unknown person. Examination revealed an acutely ill child, conscious but pale. He sustained a deep transverse laceration that transected the thyroid cartilage, exposing the laryngeal cavity. An assessment of Zone II penetrating neck injury was made. He was resuscitated, and had emergency neck exploration, tracheostomy, and repair of the injuries. The patient was followed up for 6 months, and had a good voice outcome, with no significant complication. Conclusion: Cut-throat injury is rare in children. But it is a potentially life-threatening condition. It is therefore important to recognize this entity and develop effective protocol of management in our environment.

关键词： Cut-Throat Neck Trauma Penetrating Neck Injury Neck Exploration Tracheostomy

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Modelling lane-changing execution behaviour in a connected environment:A grouped random parameters with heterogeneity-in-means approach

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Communications in Transportation Research 2021年第1期1卷 61-74页

作者： yasir Ali Zuduo Zheng Md Mazharul Haque School of Civil&Environment Engineering Faculty of EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbane4000Australia School of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringArchitectureand Information TechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbane4000Australia

Lane-changing is performed either to follow the route to a planned destination(i.e.,mandatory lane-changing)or to achieve better driving conditions(i.e.,discretionary lane-changing).A connected environment is expected to assist during lane-changing manoeuvres,but it is not known well how driving aids in a connected environment assist lane-changing *** such,this study investigates the impact of a connected environment on lanechanging execution time during mandatory and discretionary lane-changing *** this end,this study designed an advanced driving simulator experiment where 78 drivers performed these manoeuvres on a simulated motorway in three randomised driving *** conditions were baseline(without driving aids),a fully functioning connected environment with a perfect supply of driving aids,and an impaired connected environment with delayed driving *** lane-changing execution time has been modelled by a random parameters hazard-based duration modelling approach,which accounts for the panel nature of data and captures the unobserved *** suggest that,compared to the baseline condition(i.e.,a non-connected environment),most of the drivers in the connected environment take more time to complete their lane-changing manoeuvres,indicating drivers’safer lane-changing execution behaviour in the connected *** communication delay driving condition has been found to have more deteriorating effects on mandatory lanechanging manoeuvres than discretionary lane-changing *** study concludes that(i)the connected environment increases safety margin during both lane-changing manoeuvres,and(ii)a higher magnitude of safety margin is observed during mandatory lane-changing manoeuvres whereby drivers have a higher need for assistance.

关键词： Lane-changing Mandatory lane-changing Discretionary lane-changing Connected environment Advanced driving simulator Random parameters

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High strain rate deformation of explosion-welded Ti6Al4V/pure titanium

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第3期16卷 678-688页

作者： Yan-song Guo Peng-wan Chen Ali Arab Qiang Zhou yasir Mahmood State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081PR China

Multilayer materials are widely used in military,automobile and aerospace *** this paper,the response of an explosion-welded Ti6Al4V/pure titanium with a flat interface to dynamic loading is *** SHPB apparatus is ***,the dynamic behaviour of a bimetal sample is explored with a DIC system coupled to the *** indicates that in the bimetal sample pure titanium is deformed and failed before *** stress curve of the sample shows two different peaks in a striker velocity higher than the 18.3 m/*** the incident wave encounters the interface of the Ti6Al4V/pure titanium sample,only a small fraction of the wave is reflected owing to similar *** the direct interpretation stress-strain curve is unreasonable in this case because of unhomogenised plastic *** micro structure of the sample is investigated after *** adiabatic shear band is formed in the pure titanium side before failure,and the interface of the sample remains intact under different loading *** FEM simulation result for the sample is in good agreement with experimental observations.

关键词： Explosion welded Dynamic behaviour SHPB Titanium alloy

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