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Artificial neural network-based method for discriminating Compton scattering events in high-purity germaniumγ-ray spectrometer

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 64-84页

作者： Chun-Di Fan Guo-Qiang Zeng Hao-Wen Deng Lei yan Jian yang Chuan-Hao Hu Song qing yang Hou College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

To detect radioactive substances with low activity levels,an anticoincidence detector and a high-purity germanium(HPGe)detector are typically used simultaneously to suppress Compton scattering background,thereby resulting in an extremely low detection limit and improving the measurement ***,the complex and expensive hardware required does not facilitate the application or promotion of this ***,a method is proposed in this study to discriminate the digital waveform of pulse signals output using an HPGe detector,whereby Compton scattering background is suppressed and a low minimum detectable activity(MDA)is achieved without using an expensive and complex anticoincidence detector and *** electric-field-strength and energy-deposition distributions of the detector are simulated to determine the relationship between pulse shape and energy-deposition location,as well as the characteristics of energy-deposition distributions for fulland partial-energy deposition *** relationship is used to develop a pulse-shape-discrimination algorithm based on an artificial neural network for pulse-feature *** accurately determine the relationship between the deposited energy of gamma(γ)rays in the detector and the deposition location,we extract four shape parameters from the pulse signals output by the *** learning is used to input the four shape parameters into the ***,the pulse signals are identified and classified to discriminate between partial-and full-energy deposition *** partial-energy deposition events are removed to suppress Compton *** proposed method effectively decreases the MDA of an HPGeγ-energy dispersive *** results show that the Compton suppression factors for energy spectra obtained from measurements on ^(152)Eu,^(137)Cs,and ^(60)Co radioactive sources are 1.13(344 keV),1.11(662 keV),and 1.08(1332 keV),respectively,and that the corresponding MDAs are 1.4%,5.

关键词： High-purity germaniumγ-ray spectrometer Pulse-shape discrimination Compton scattering Artificial neural network Minimum detectable activity

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Mediating role of social support in dysphoria,despondency,and quality of life in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 409-420页

作者： Xiang Zhou Hong Jiang Yi-Peng Zhou Xiao-Yu Wang Hai-yan Ren Xue-Fei Tian qing-qing Zhang Department of Nephrology People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionXinjiang Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseUrumqi 832000Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqi 832000Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Section of Nephrology Department of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States

BACKGROUND Dysphoria and despondency are prevalent psychological issues in patients undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis(MHD)that significantly affect their quality of life(QOL).High levels of social support can significantly improve the physical and mental well-being of patients undergoing ***,there is limited research on how social support mediates the relationship between dysphoria,despondency,and overall QOL in patients undergoing *** is imperative to investigate this mediating effect to mitigate dysphoria and despondency in patients undergoing MHD,ultimately enhancing their overall *** To investigate the mediating role of social support in relationships between dysphoria,despondency,and QOL among patients undergoing *** Participants comprised 289 patients undergoing MHD,who were selected using a random sampling *** Social Support Rating Scale,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale,and QOL Scale were *** analysis was performed to examine the associations between social support,dysphoria,despondency,and QOL in patients undergoing *** assess the mediating impact of social support on dysphoria,despondency,and QOL in patients undergoing MHD,a bootstrap method was *** Significant correlations among social support,dysphoria,despondency,and quality in patients undergoing MHD were observed(all P<0.01).Dysphoria and despondency negatively correlated with social support and QOL(P<0.01).Dysphoria and despondency had negative predictive impacts on the QOL of patients undergoing MHD(P<0.05).The direct effect of dysphoria on QOL was statistically significant(P<0.05).Social support mediated the relationship between dysphoria and QOL,and this mediating effect was significant(P<0.05).Similarly,the direct effect of despondency on QOL was significant(P<0.05).Moreover,social support played a mediating role between despondency and QOL,with a significant mediating effect(P<0.05).CONCLUSION These find

关键词： Maintenance hemodialysis Social support Dysphoria Despondency Quality of life Mediating effect

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Double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography improves diagnostic accuracy of T staging compared with multi-detector computed tomography in gastric cancer patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第23期30卷 3005-3015页

作者： yan-Fen Xu Hui-Yun Ma Gui-Ling Huang Yu-Ting Zhang Xue-yan Wang Ming-Jie Wei Xiao-qing Pei Department of Ultrasound State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Radiology State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Medical Ultrasound State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is the most common malignant tumor and ranks third for cancer-related deaths among the *** disease poses a serious public health problem in China,ranking fifth for incidence and third for *** of the invasive depth of the tumor is vital to treatment *** To evaluate the diagnostic performance of double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(DCEUS)for preoperative T staging in patients with GC by comparing with multi-detector computed tomography(MDCT).METHODS This single prospective study enrolled patients with GC confirmed by preoperative gastroscopy from July 2021 to March *** underwent DCEUS,including ultrasonography(US)and intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS),and MDCT examinations for the assessment of preoperative T *** of GC were identified on DCEUS and criteria developed to evaluate T staging according to the 8th edition of AJCC cancer staging *** diagnostic performance of DCEUS was evaluated by comparing it with that of MDCT and surgical-pathological findings were considered as the gold *** A total of 229 patients with GC(80 T1,33 T2,59 T3 and 57 T4)were *** accuracies were 86.9%for DCEUS and 61.1%for MDCT(P<0.001).DCEUS was superior to MDCT for T1(92.5%vs 70.0%,P<0.001),T2(72.7%vs 51.5%,P=0.041),T3(86.4%vs 45.8%,P<0.001)and T4(87.7%vs 70.2%,P=0.022)staging of *** DCEUS improved the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative T staging in patients with GC compared with MDCT,and constitutes a promising imaging modality for preoperative evaluation of GC to aid individualized treatment decision-making.

关键词： Double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography Multi-detector computed tomography Gastric cancer T staging

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A deep learning model based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography for differential diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 376-384页

作者： Fei Xiang qing-Tao Meng Jing-Jing Deng Jie Wang Xiao-Yuan Liang Xing-Yu Liu Sheng yan Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Department of Radiology Affiliated Chuzhou First People’s HospitalAnhui Medical UniversityChuzhou 239000China

Background:Gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)is highly malignant,and its early diagnosis remains *** study aimed to develop a deep learning model based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)images to assist radiologists in identifying ***:We retrospectively enrolled 278 patients with gallbladder lesions(>10 mm)who underwent contrast-enhanced CT and cholecystectomy and divided them into the training(n=194)and validation(n=84)*** deep learning model was developed based on ResNet50 *** and clinical models were built based on support vector machine(SVM)*** comprehensively compared the performance of deep learning,radiomics,clinical models,and three ***:Three radiomics features including LoG_3.0 gray-level size zone matrix zone variance,HHL firstorder kurtosis,and LHL gray-level co-occurrence matrix dependence variance were significantly different between benign gallbladder lesions and GBC,and were selected for developing radiomics *** regression analysis revealed that age≥65 years[odds ratios(OR)=4.4,95%confidence interval(CI):2.1-9.1,P37 U/mL(OR=4.0,95%CI:1.6-10.0,P=0.003)were significant clinical risk factors of *** deep learning model achieved the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)values of 0.864(95%CI:0.814-0.915)and 0.857(95%CI:0.773-0.942)in the training and validation datasets,which were comparable with radiomics,clinical models and three *** sensitivity of deep learning model was the highest both in the training[90%(95%CI:82%-96%)]and validation[85%(95%CI:68%-95%)]***:The deep learning model may be a useful tool for radiologists to distinguish between GBC and benign gallbladder lesions.

关键词： Gallbladder carcinoma Computed tomography Deep learning Radiomics

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An endophytic fungus interacts with the defensinlike protein OsCAL1 to regulate cadmium allocation in rice

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 312-324页

作者： Tianyu Gu Ziai Qi Yating Wang Siying Chen Jing yan Huapeng Qiu yanxuan Yu Zjun Fang Junmin Wang Jiming gong National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Shanghai Center for Plant Stress BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese AcademyofSciencesShanghai200032China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization College of Life ScienceHunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan411201China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China

Defensin-like proteins are conserved in multicellular organisms and contribute to innate immune re-sponses against fungal *** rice,defensins play a novel role in regulating cadmium(Cd)efflux from the ***,whether the antifungal activity of defensins correlates with Cd-efflux function remains *** this study,we isolated an endophytic Fusarium,designed Fo1o,by a comparative mi-crobiome analysis of rice plants grown in a paddy contaminated with ***10 is tolerant to high levels of Cd,but is sensitive to the defensin-like protein OsCAL1,which mediates Cd efflux to the *** found that Fo10 symbiosis in rice is regulated by OsCAL1 dynamics,and Fo10 coordinates multiple plant pro-cesses,including Cd uptake,vacuolar sequestration,efflux to the environment,and formation of Fe pla-ques in the *** processes are dependent on the salicylic acid signaling pathway to keep Cd levels low in the cytosol of rice cells and to decrease Cd levels in rice grains without any yield ***10 also plays a role in Cd tolerance in the poaceous crop maize and wheat,but has no observed effects in the eudicot plants Arabidopsis and *** together,these findings provide insights into the mech-anistic basis underlying how afungal endophyte and host plant interact to control Cd accumulation in host plants by adapting defense responses to promotethe establishment ofa symbiosis that permits adaptation to high-Cd environments.

关键词： defensin-like protein Fusarium oxysporum endophyte cadmium allocation

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Spontaneous grain refinement effect of rare earth zinc alloy anodes enables stable zinc batteries

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 252-262页

作者： Manjing Chen Yuxiang gong Yunxiang Zhao Yexin Song yan Tang Zhiyuan Zeng Shuquan Liang Peng Zhou Bingan Lu Xiaotan Zhang Jiang Zhou School of Materials Science&Engineering Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional MaterialsCentral South University Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hunan Provincial Key Defense Laboratory of High Temperature Wear-Resisting Materials and Preparation Technology Hunan University of Science and Technology School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China

Irreversible interfacial reactions at the anodes pose a significant challenge to the long-term stability and lifespan of zinc（Zn） metal batteries, impeding their practical application as energy storage devices. The plating and stripping behavior of Zn ions on polycrystalline surfaces is inherently influenced by the microscopic structure of Zn anodes, a comprehensive understanding of which is crucial but often overlooked. Herein, commercial Zn foils were remodeled through the incorporation of cerium（Ce）elements via the ‘pinning effect’ during the electrodeposition process. By leveraging the electron-donating effect of Ce atoms segregated at grain boundaries（GBs）, the electronic configuration of Zn is restructured to increase active sites for Zn nucleation. This facilitates continuous nucleation throughout the growth stage,leading to a high-rate instantaneous-progressive composite nucleation model that achieves a spatially uniform distribution of Zn nuclei and induces spontaneous grain refinement. Moreover, the incorporation of Ce elements elevates the site energy of GBs, mitigating detrimental parasitic reactions by enhancing the GB stability. Consequently, the remodeled ZnCe electrode exhibits highly reversible Zn plating/stripping with an accumulated capacity of up to 4.0 Ah cm-2in a Zn symmetric cell over 4000 h without short-circuit behavior. Notably, a ～0.4 Ah Zn||NH4V4O10pouch cell runs over 110 cycles with 83% capacity retention with the high-areal-loading cathode(≈20 mg cm-2). This refining-grains strategy offers new insights into designing dendrite-free metal anodes in rechargeable batteries.

关键词： grain refinement rare earth GB stability zinc metal batteries

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Magmatic-tectonic response of the South China Craton to the Paleo-Pacific subduction during the Triassic:a new viewpoint based on Well NK-1

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 58-89页

作者： Chan WANG Hao LIU Gang LI Zhen SUN Tingting gong Li MIAO Xiaowei ZHU Yunying ZHANG Weihai XU Wen yan Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Key Laboratory of Tectonic Controlled Mineralization and Oil Reservoir of Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China College of Earth Science Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The Nansha Block(NB)is one of the blocks separated from the southern margin of the South China Craton(SCC)by the western Pacific subduction,which contains rich information of geodynamic and tectonic *** reveal the essence of western Paleo-Pacific subduction during the Triassic period,Well NK-1 in this block was selected for petrographic study,and published research data from other cooperative teams were compared.A double-cycle pattern of basic to neutral magmatic volcanism was established,and 36 lithological rhythmic layers and representative cryptoexplosive breccia facies and welded tuff bands were *** with a reanalysis of published geochronological data,geochemical elements,and isotope geochemistry,we found that the rock assemblages could be divided into an intermediate-acid dacite(DA)series(SiO_(2)>65%)and basaltic(BA)series(Co<40μg/g),which was formed during the early Late Triassic((218.6±3.2)–(217.9±3.5)Ma).BA exhibits obvious calc-alkaline island-arc magmatic properties:(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_i ratio ranging 0.70377–0.71118(average:0.70645),^(147)Sm/^(144)Nd ratio ranging 0.119–0.193(average:0.168),and chondrite-normalized rare earth element(REE)curves being flat,while DA exhibits remarkable characteristics of subducted island-arc andesitic magma:(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_i ratio(0.70939–0.71129;average:0.71035),εNd(t)value(-6.2–-4.8;average:-5.6)andε_(Hf)(t)value(-2.9–-1.7,average:-2.2)show obvious crust-mantle mixing *** and DA reveal typical characteristics of island-arc magma systems and typeⅡenriched mantle(EM-Ⅱ)*** magma was likely resulted from the process whereby the continental crust frontal accretionary wedge was driven by the Paleo-Pacific slab subduction into the deep and began to melt,resulting in a large amount of melt(fluid)joined the asthenosphere on the side of the continental *** contrast,DA magma was likely resulted from the process whereby the plate front was forced to bend with increasing subducti

关键词： Paleo-Pacific tectonic domain tectonic evolution rift volcanic rock Nansha Block South China Craton

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A lithium–tin fluoride anode enabled by ionic/electronic conductive paths for garnet-based solid-state lithium metal batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 575-587页

作者： Lei Zhang Qian-Kun Meng Xiang-Ping Feng Ming Shen Yu-qing Zhang Quan-Chao Zhuang Run-Guo Zheng Zhi-Yuan Wang yan-Hua Cui Hong-Yu Sun yan-Guo Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao066004China School of Materials and Physics China University of Mining&TechnologyXuzhou221116China Institute of Electronic Engineering China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang621900China

The high energy density and stability of solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs)have garnered great ***-type oxides,especially Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO),with high ionic conductivity,wide electrochemical window,and stability to Li metal anode,are promising solid-state electrolyte(SSEs)materials for ***,Li/LLZTO interface issues including high interface resistance,inhomogeneous Li deposition,and Li dendrite growth have hindered the practical application of ***,a multi-functional Li–SnF_(2) composite anode with Li,LiF,and Li-Sn alloy was specifically designed and *** composite anode improves the wettability to LLZTO,constructing an intimate contact interface between it and ***,ionic/electronic conductive paths in situ formed at the interface can effectively uniform Li deposition and suppress Li *** solid-state symmetric cell exhibits low interface resistance(11Ω·cm^(2)) and high critical current density(1.3 mA·cm^(−2))at 25℃.The full SSLMB based on LiFePO_(4) or LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_(2) cathode also shows stable cycling performance and high rate *** work provides a new composite anode strategy for achieving high-energy density and high-safety SSLMBs.

关键词： Solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs) Lithium-tin fluoride anode Ionic/electronic conductive Interface resistance Lithium dendrite

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Electroencephalogram findings in 10 patients with post-stroke epilepsy:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 249-255页

作者： Li-Min Wen Ran Li yan-Ling Wang qing-Xia Kong Min Xia Clinical Medicine College Jining Medical UniversityJining 272067Shandong ProvinceChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Shandong UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical UniversityJining 272007Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Post-stroke epilepsy is a common and easily overlooked complication of acute cerebrovascular ***-term seizures can seriously affect the prognosis and quality of life of ***(EEG)is the simplest way to diagnose epilepsy,and plays an important role in predicting seizures and guiding *** To explore the EEG characteristics of patients with post-stroke epilepsy and improve the detection rate of inter-seizure epileptiform *** From January 2017 to June 2020,10 patients with post-stroke epilepsy in our hospital were *** clinical,imaging,and EEG characteristics were *** stroke location,seizure type,and ictal and interictal EEG manifestations of the patients with post-stroke epilepsy were then retrospectively *** In all 10 patients,epileptiform waves occurred in the side opposite to the stroke lesion during the interictal stage;these manifested as sharp wave,sharp-wave complex,or spike discharges in the anterior head lead of the side opposite to the *** In EEG,epileptiform waves can occur in the side opposite to the stroke lesion in patients with post-stroke epilepsy.

关键词： Post-stroke epilepsy Electroencephalogram Seizure Stroke Slow wave

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Lung adenocarcinoma with initial binocular symptoms

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 982-984页

作者： Xiao-Lan Zhao yan-qing Jiang Zhen yang Chao-Qun Liu Xiao-Li yang Department of Ophthalmology Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637000Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637000Sichuan ProvinceChina

Dear Editor,Lung adenocarcinoma with choroidal metastasis is a common form of cancer,with breast cancer accounting for 40%-53%and lung cancer accounting for 20%-29%of primary cases with choroidal metastases[1].This type of metastatic cancer typically affects people aged 40-70y,and is more prevalent in women than men[1].Ocular symptoms,including vision loss,can be an early indication of the disease,as many tumors are asymptomatic in their early *** have shown that 40.3%of cases involve the macular region,which explains why ocular symptoms are often the first manifestation of the disease[2].When choroidal metastasis is suspected in patients without a history of cancer,a combination of diagnostic tools should be used to identify the primary source of the *** tumors can serve as an indication of future lung cancer diagnosis in some patients with lung cancer[1].In this report,we present a case of bilateral lung adenocarcinoma where ocular symptoms were the first indication of the disease.

关键词： Lung symptoms adenocarcinoma

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