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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1555-1564页

作者： Eunhee Kim Rudolph ETanzi se Hoon choi Genetics and Aging Research Unit MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA McCance Center for Brain Health Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA

Irisin is a myokine that is generated by cleavage of the membrane protein fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) in response to physical exercise. studies reveal that irisin/FNDC5 has neuroprotective functions against Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, by improving cognitive function and reducing amyloid-β and tau pathologies as well as neuroinflammation in cell culture or animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Although current and ongoing studies on irisin/FNDC5 show promising results, further mechanistic studies are required to clarify its potential as a meaningful therapeutic target for alleviating Alzheimer's disease. We recently found that irisin treatment reduces amyloid-β pathology by increasing the activity/levels of amyloid-β-degrading enzyme neprilysin secreted from astrocytes. Herein, we present an overview of irisin/FNDC5's protective roles and mechanisms against Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease exercise fibronectin typeⅢdomain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) irisin

Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1981-1988页

作者： shan Ping yu Emily choi Michael QJiang Ling Wei Department of Anesthesiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturGAUSA

stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same *** comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older *** review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical *** activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)influx is critical for neuronal *** ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca^(2+)mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,particularly of those at the extrasynaptic *** Ca^(2+)-evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute ***,mild but sustained Ca^(2+)increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early.s.ages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic,but gradually.s.t off deteriorating Ca^(2+)-dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death *** on the Ca^(2+)hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances,this Ca^(2+)-activated“silent”degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A,primarily at the extrasynaptic site,serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic *** stroke and Alzheimer's disease,therefore,share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-and Ca^(2+)-mediated mechanism,although with much different time *** is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca^(2+)homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related

关键词： Ca^(2+)hypothesis cognitive deficits hyperactivity late-onset Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits pathogenesis preventive treatment

Relation between etching profile and voltage-current shape of sintered siC etching by atmospheric pressure plasma

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Plasma science and Technology 2019年第4期21卷 137-144页

作者： D C sEOK s R yOO K I LEE y.s.choi y H JUNG Plasma Technology Research Center National Fusion Research InstituteGunsan City 54004Republic of Korea

sintered silicon carbide(siC)was etched by a dielectric barrier discharge source.A high voltage bipolar pulse was used with helium gas for the plasma *** stable filament plasma was generated and could be used for siC *** the processing gas(NF3)mixing rate increased,the width and depth of the etching profile became narrower and *** differentiated V-Q Lissajous method was used for measuring the capacitances(Ceq)of the electrode after the plasma turned *** width of the etching profile was proportional to *** the current peak value/smx of the substrate current in creased,the volume removal rate of siC *** etch depth was proportional to the ratio of/smx to ***,because of the different characteristics of the plasma disks on siC substrate by the voltage polarity,the etching profile was ***,in high NF3 mixing process,the etching profile became stable and deeper.

关键词： dielectric barrier discharge silicon carbide plasma etching、filament discharge,surface charge

High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system:regeneration hidden beneath inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 107-115页

作者： Hanki Kim Bum Jun Kim seungyon Koh Hyo Jin Cho Xuelian Jin Byung Gon Kim Jun young choi Department of Brain science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical sciences Ajou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuqianJiangsu ProvinceChina

High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely.s.udied in diverse fields,including neurology and ***-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain *** drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system *** it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system *** this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory *** targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.

关键词： central nervous system damage-associated molecular pattern ethyl pyruvate glycyrhizzin high mobility group box 1 inflammation neural stem cells neurodevelopment oligodendrocyte progenitor cells redox status regeneration

Protection and control of microgrids using dynamic state estimation

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Protection and Control of Modern Power systems 2018年第1期3卷 349-361页

作者： y.Liu A.P.Meliopoulos L.sun s.choi school of Information science and Technology.s.sT) ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China school of Electrical and Computer Engineering(ECE) Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

High penetration of Converter Interfaced Generations(CIGs)presents challenges in both microgrid(μGrid)circuit and other system with CIG resources,such as wind farms and PV ***,protection challenges are mainly brought by the insufficient separation between fault and load currents,especially forμGrids in islanded operation,and the short connection length inμ*** addition,CIG resources exhibit limited inertia and weak coupling to any rotating machinery,which can result in large transients during *** address the above challenges,this paper proposes a Dynamic state Estimation(DsE)based algorithm for protection and control of systems with substantial CIG resources such as aμ*** requires a high-fidelity dynamic model and time domain(sampled value)***μGrid circuit protection,the algorithm dependably and securely detects internal faults by checking the consistency between the circuit model and available *** CIG control,the algorithm estimates the frequency at other parts of aμGrid using CIG local information only and then utilizes it to provide supplementary feedback *** results prove that DsE based protection algorithm detects internal faults faster,ignores external faults and has improved sensitivity towards high impedance faults when compared to conventional protection *** based CIG control scheme also minimizes output oscillation and transient during system disturbances.

关键词： Converter interfaced generation(CIG) Dynamic state estimation(DsE) μGrid protection

synchronous triple occurrence of MALT lymphoma, schwannoma, and adenocarcinoma of the stomach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第22期23卷 4127-4131页

作者： Kyeong W choi Mee Joo Han s Kim Woo y Lee Department of surgery Seoul Paik Hospital Inje University College of Medicine Department of Pathology Ilsan Paik Hospital Inje University College of Medicine

We present a case of a 56-year-old man with 3 synchronous gastric tumors. The patient presented with melena, and 3 gastric abnormalities were detected on gastroduodenoscopic examination, including a small ulcerative lesion in the gastric antrum, a submucosal mass in the gastric body, and severe erosion in the fundus. Histological examination of biopsy.s.mples yielded respective diagnoses of gastric adenocarcinoma, gastritis, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma. The patient first received medication to eradicate any underlying Helicobacter pylori infection, which might have been a cause of the MALT lymphoma. Four weeks later, after examination of repeat biopsy.s.mples revealed that the MALT lymphoma had resolved, the patient underwent subtotal gastrectomy. Further histological examination of resected tissue confirmed the antrum lesion as adenocarcinoma and the body lesion as schwannoma. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of synchronous triple primary gastric adenocarcinoma, MALT lymphoma, and schwannoma.

关键词： Gastric cancer synchronous Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma schwannoma Triple

Effect of si Content on Mechanical Properties of a Mo and V Free Low Alloy Cast steel for Automobile Cold Pressing Die

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2008年第3期24卷 313-316页

作者： B.H.Kim J.s.shin s.M.Lee B.M.Moon H.D.Kim s.y.Ju O.y.choi Advanced Materials R＆D Division Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Incheon 406-840 Korea Tooling Center GM Daewoo Auto ＆ Technology Co. Incheon 403-714 Korea

The effects of si content on combinations of important properties such as hardness, hardenability, and weldability in addition to strength increment were systematically investigated to develop a Mo and V free low alloy cast steel for automobile cold pressing die insert. For the evaluation of the applicability as the die insert, the mechanical properties were measured after spheroidization annealing （sA）, quenching and tempering （Q/T）, and flame hardening （FH） treatments, respectively. The developed 0.8%-1.6%si containing Mo and V free alloy cast steels showed excellent matrix strengthening effect, hardenability, and weldability, fulfilling the industrial criterion of the mechanical properties for the die insert.

关键词： Low alloy cast steel Cold pressing die Die insert Matrix hardening Flame hardening

Plasma density measurement and downstream etching of silicon and silicon oxide in Ar/NF3 mixture remote plasma source

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Plasma science and Technology 2019年第6期21卷 52-57页

作者： H J yEOM D H choi y.s.LEE J H KIM D J sEONG s J yOU H C LEE Korea Research Institute of standards and science(KRIss) Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea Department of Physics Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea

In this study,plasma density measurements were performed near the plume region of the remote plasma source (RPs) in Ar/NF3 gas mixtures using a microwave cutoff *** measured plasma density is in the range of 1010-1011 cm-3 in the discharge conditions with RPs powers of 2-4 kW and gas pressures of 0.87-4 *** plasma density decreased with increasing gas pressures and RPs powers under various Ar/NF3 mixing *** decrease in the plasma density measured at the fixed measurement position (plume region) can be understood by the reduction of the electron energy relaxation length with increases in the gas pressures and mixing ratio of NF3/(Ar/NF3).We also performed downstream etching of silicon and silicon oxide films in this *** etch rate of the silicon films significantly increases while the silicon oxide is slightly etched with the gas pressures and *** was also found that the etch rate strongly depends on the wafer position on the processing chamber electrode,and that the etch selectivity reached 96-131 in the discharge conditions of RF powers (3730-4180 W) and gas pressures (3.6-4 Torr).

关键词： remote plasma source electron density cutoff probe downstream etch

Assessment of physically-based and data-driven models to predict microbial water quality in open channels

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第6期22卷 851-857页

作者： Minyoung Kim Charles P.Gerba Christopher y.choi Agricultural safety Engineering Division Department of Agricultural EngineeringNational Academy of Agricultural ScienceRural Development Administration(Korea) Department of soil Waterand Environmental Sciencethe University of Arizona Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering the University of Arizona

In the present study, a physically-based hydraulic modeling tool and a data-driven approach using artificial neural networks （ANNs） were evaluated for their ability to simulate the fate and transport of microorganisms in a water system. To produce reliable data, a pipe network was constructed and a series of experiments using a fecal coliform indicator （Escherichia coli 15597） was conducted. For the physically-based model, morphological （pipe size, link length, slope, etc.） and hydraulic （flow rate） conditions were used as input variables, and for ANNs, water quality parameters （conductivity, pH, and turbidity） were used. Both approaches accurately described the fate and transport of microorganisms （physically-based model： correlation coefficient （R） in the range of 0.914 - 0.977 and ANNs： R in the range of 0.949 - 0.980）, with the exception of one case at a low flow rate （q = 31.56 cm^3/sec）. This study also indicated that these approaches could be complementarily utilized to assess the vulnerability of water facilities and to establish emergency plans based on hypothetical scenarios.

关键词： transport open channel artificial neural networks Escherichia coli