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liquid metal compartmented by polyphenol-mediated nanointerfaces enables high-performance thermal management on electronic devices

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InfoMat 2024年第1期6卷 83-95页

作者： Chaojun Zhang yang Tang Tianyu Guo yizhou Sang Ding li Xiaoling Wang Orlando j.Rojas junling Guo BMI Center for Biomass Materials and Nanointerfaces College of Biomass Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanthe People's Republic of China Bioproducts Institute Departments of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Institute of Development Studies Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChengduSichuanthe People's Republic of China National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanthe People's Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanthe People's Republic of China

The exponentially increasing heat generation in electronic devices,induced by high power density and miniaturization,has become a dominant issue that affects carbon footprint,cost,performance,reliability,and *** metals(LMs)with high thermal conductivity are promising candidates for effective thermal management yet are facing pump-out and surface-spreading *** in the form of metallic particles can address these problems,but apparent alloying processes elevate the LM melting point,leading to severely deteriorated ***,we propose a facile and sustainable approach to address these challenges by using a biogenic supramolecular network as an effective diffusion barrier at copper particle-LM(EGaIn/Cu@TA)interfaces to achieve superior thermal *** supramolecular network promotes LM stability by reducing unfavorable alloying and fluidity *** EGaIn/Cu@TA exhibits a record-high metallic-mediated thermal conductivity(66.1 W m^(-1) K^(-1))and fluidic ***,mechanistic studies suggest the enhanced heat flow path after the incorporation of copper particles,generating heat dissipation suitable for computer central processing units,exceeding that of commercial *** results highlight the prospects of renewable macromolecules isolated from biomass for the rational design of nanointerfaces based on metallic particles and LM,paving a new and sustainable avenue for high-performance thermal management.

关键词： Electronic devices High thermal conductivity liquid metals Natural polyphenols Thermal management

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Ground-state mass of ^(22)Al and test of state-of-the-art ab initio calculations

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 72-78页

作者：孙铭泽于越王新鹏王猛李健国张玉虎 K.Blaum 陈祖毅陈瑞九邓涵宇付超义葛文文黄文嘉焦红扬李红蕙李宏福罗胤芳廖挺 yuAlitvinov 司敏帅鹏史金阳王茜邢元明徐星徐瑚珊许甫荣袁琪 T.yamaguchi 颜鑫亮杨建成原有进周小红周旭张敏曾奇 CAS Key Laboratory of High Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 169117 HeidelbergGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou516007China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics Saitama UniversitySaitama 338-8570Japan School of Nuclear Science and Engineering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

The ground-state mass excess of the T_(z)=−2 drip-line nucleus ^(22)Al is measured for the first time as 18103(10)keV using the newly-developed Bρ-defined isochronous mass spectrometry method at the cooler storage ring in *** new mass excess value allowed us to determine the excitation energies of the two low-lying 1+states in ^(22)Al with significantly reduced uncertainties of 51 *** compared to the analogue states in its mirror nucleus ^(22)F,the mirror energy differences of the two 1^(+)states in the ^(22)Al-^(22)F mirror pair are determined to be−625(51)keV and−330(51)*** excitation energies and mirror energy differences are used to test the state-of-the-art ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group calculations with four sets of interactions derived from the chiral effective field *** mechanism leading to the large mirror energy differences is investigated and attributed to the occupation of theπs_(1/2) orbital.

关键词： nuclear mass Bρ-defined IMS mirror energy difference ab initio VS-IMSRG calculations chiral interactions

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Optimal Operation Strategy Analysis with Scenario Generation Method Based on Principal Component Analysis,Density Canopy,and K-medoids for Integrated Energy Systems

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journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 89-100页

作者： Bingtuan Gao yunyu Zhu yuanmei li School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjingChina

The operation of integrated energy systems(IESs)is confronted with great challenges for increasing penetration rate of renewable energy and growing complexity of energy *** generation is one of ordinary methods to alleviate the system uncertainties by extracting several typical scenarios to represent the original high-dimensional *** paper proposes a novel representative scenario generation method based on the feature extraction of panel *** original high-dimensional data are represented by an aggregated indicator matrix using principal component analysis to preserve temporal ***,the aggregated indicator matrix is clustered by an algorithm combining density canopy and *** with the proposed scenario generation method,an optimal operation model of IES is established,where the objective is to minimize the annual operation costs considering carbon trading ***,case studies based on the data of Aachen,Germany in 2019 are *** results indicate that the adjusted rand index(ARI)and silhouette coefficient(SC)of the proposed method are 0.6153 and 0.6770,respectively,both higher than the traditional methods,namely K-medoids,K-means++,and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN),which means the proposed method has better *** error between optimal operation results of the IES obtained by the proposed method and all-year time series benchmark value is 0.1%,while the calculation time is reduced from 11029 s to 188 s,which verifies that the proposed method can be used to optimize operation strategy of IES with high efficiency without loss of accuracy.

关键词： Scenario generation principal component analysis(PCA) density canopy K-medoids integrated energy system

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Enhancement of low-temperature toughness of Fe-Mn-C-Al alloy by rare earth Ce-modified inclusions

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journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第1期31卷 157-173页

作者： Guang-kai yang Chang-ling Zhuang yi-zhuang li Chen Hu Shao-bo li College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025GuizhouChina Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China The State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025GuizhouChina

Fe-Mn-C-Al alloys have been recognized as promising materials for certain low-temperature applications due to their exceptional mechanical properties and ***,their limited low-temperature toughness restricts their large-scale applications in specific *** influence of trace amounts of rare earth cerium(Ce)on the low-temperature toughness of Fe-18Mn-0.6C-1.8Al alloys was *** addition of Ce effectively alters the inclu-sions in the alloy,transforming large-sized irregular inclusions into fine ellipsoidal rare earth *** leads to a significant reduction in both the proportion and average size of the inclusions,resulting in their effective dispersion throughout the matrix and improved cryogenic *** presence of Ce-containing inclusions within the matrix reduces stress concentration,thereby inhibiting microcrack formation and improving impact absorption ***-cally,the addition of rare earth Ce alters the fracture behavior of the material at room temperature and low temperature,changing from brittle cleavage fracture to a more ductile failure *** impact toughness of the Fe-Mn-C-Al alloy is significantly improved by the addition of 0.0048 wt.%Ce,particularly at-196℃where the impact toughness reaches 103.6 j/cm^(2),representing an impressive improvement of 87.3%.

关键词： Fe-Mn-C-Al alloy Rare earth Low-temperature toughness Inclusion Fracture

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Long-term Integration Ability of the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)Spectral line Receivers

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 315-322页

作者： Bing-Ru Wang Di li Paul F.Goldsmith jingwen Wu Chao-Wei Tsai Rudolf Schieder Gary j.Melnick National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91109USA Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China KOSMA I.Physik.InstitutUniversität zu KölnZülpicher Str.7750937 KölnGermany Center for Astrophysics|Harvard&Smithsonian 60 Garden StreetMS 66CambridgeMA 02138USA

The Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)was the first space telescope capable of high spectral resolution observations of terahertz spectral *** have investigated the integration ability of its two receivers and spectrometer during five and a half years of on-orbit *** CI,O_(2),H_(2)O,and^(13)CO spectra taken toward all observed Galactic sources were *** present results are based on spectra with a total integration time of up to 2.72×10~4hr(■10~8s).The noise in the spectra is generally consistent with that expected from the radiometer equation,without any sign of approaching a noise *** noise performance reflects the extremely stable performance of the passively cooled front end as well as other relevant components in the SWAS instrument throughout its mission lifetime.

关键词： telescopes space vehicles:instruments instrumentation:miscellaneous ISM:lines and bands

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Mechanocatalysis of CO to CO_(2)on TiO_(2)surface controlled at atomic scale

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5826-5834页

作者： yuuki Adachi Robert Turanský ján Brndiar Kamil Tokár Qiang Zhu Huan Fei Wen yasuhiro Sugawara IvanŠtich yan jun li Department of Applied Physics Osaka University2-1 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institute of Physics Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84511Slovakia Institute of Informatics Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84507Slovakia Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Ss.Cyril and MethodiusTrnava 91701Slovakia Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement School of Instrument and ElectronicsNorth University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

The common ways to activate a chemical reaction are by heat,electric current,or ***,mechanochemistry,where the chemical reaction is activated by applied mechanical force,is less common and only poorly understood at the atomic *** we report a tip-induced activation of chemical reaction of carbon monoxide to dioxide on oxidized rutile TiO_(2)(110)*** activation is studied by atomic force microscopy,Kelvin probe force microscopy under ultrahigh-vacuum and liquid nitrogen temperature conditions,and density functional theory(DFT)*** reaction is inferred from hysteretic behavior of frequency shift signal further supported by vector force mapping of vertical and lateral forces needed to trigger the chemical reaction with torque motion of carbon monoxide towards an oxygen *** reaction is found to proceed stochastically at very small tip-sample ***,the local contact potential difference reveals the atomic-scale charge redistribution in the reactants required to unlock the *** results open up new insights into the mechanochemistry on metal oxide surfaces at the atomic scale.

关键词： atomic resolution mechanochemistry atomic force microscopy Kelvin probe force microscopy density functional theory(DFT)simulation CO oxidation catalysis rutile TiO_(2)surface

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Microstructure Evolution and Nanomechanical Behavior of Micro-Area in Molten Pool of Selective Laser Melting(CoCrNi)_(82)Al_(9)Ti_(9)High-Entropy Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第6期37卷 1019-1033页

作者： Hong-Wei Zhang li-Wei Lan Zhe-yu yang Chang-Chun li Wen-Xian Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced MaterialsTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China Shanxi-Zhejiang University New Materials and Chemical Research Institute Taiyuan030032China

In this work,the phase evolution mechanism and nanomechanical properties of(CoCrNi))(82)Al_(9)Ti_(9)high-entropy alloy(HEA)prepared by selective laser melting(SLM)in the molten pool were *** HEA contains multiple primary elements and undergoes high-temperature gradient and rapid cooling during *** leads to significant inhomogeneity of nano-scale microstructure characteristics and instability of *** optimizing process parameters,the microstructure evolution at the optimal parameter volume energy density of 440 j/mm^(3)was studied.A phase transition from BCC to FCC occurred in the melt *** the micro-area of the melt pool results in a temperature rise and the combustion-induced loss of Al ***,the Ni element content increases significantly outside the melt *** process enhances the phase stability of FCC and facilitates phase ***,rapid cooling leads to the formation of distinctive ultrafine equiaxial crystals inside the melt pool,accompanied by the generation of intracrystalline needle-like nano-scale *** the melt pool,the accumulation of energy results in the formation of coarse ***,the nano-hardness inside the molten pool is remarkably high at 11.79 GPa,while the outside the molten pool is reduced to 9.58 *** the fracture toughness outside the melt pool also *** with inside the melt pool,the residual stress outside the melt pool changed from compressive to tensile stress and decreased from 603.28 to 322.84 MPa.

关键词： High-entropy alloys Selective laser melting Microstructure evolution Nanoindentation

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Analysis of application range of simplified models for field to thermo-field to thermionic emission processes from the cathode

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 51-60页

作者： li SUN Zhuo DAI Ming XU Wei WANG Zengyao li Applied Physics Department Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering Ministry of EducationSchool of Energy and Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China

Electron emission plays a dominant role in plasma-cathode interactions and is a key factor in many plasma phenomena and industrial *** is necessary to illustrate the various electron emission mechanisms and the corresponding applicable description models to evaluate their impacts on discharge *** this study,detailed expressions of the simplified formulas valid for field emission to thermo-field emission to thermionic emission typically used in the numerical simulation are proposed,and the corresponding application ranges are determined in the framework of the Murphy-Good theory,which is commonly regarded as the general model and to be accurate in the full range of conditions of the validity of the *** parameterization was used to evaluate the emission current density of the Murphy-Good formula,and a deviation factor was defined to obtain the application ranges for different work functions(2.5‒5 eV),cathode temperatures(300‒6000 K),and emitted electric fields(10^(5) to 10^(10) V·m^(-1)).The deviation factor was shown to be a nonmonotonic function of the three parameters.A comparative study of particle number densities in atmospheric gas discharge with a tungsten cathode was performed based on the one-dimensional implicit particle-in-cell(PIC)with the Monte Carlo collision(MCC)method according to the aforementioned application *** was found that small differences in emission current density can lead to variations in the distributions of particle number density due to changes in the collisional *** study provides a theoretical basis for selecting emission models for subsequent numerical simulations.

关键词： electron emission processes application range Murphy-Good theory implicit particlein-cell Monte Carlo collision method

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The Mixed-Mode Fatigue Crack Propagation Model of Piezoelectric Materials Under Electric Fatigue Loading by the jk-Integral

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第4期37卷 634-641页

作者： Xianghua Chen Chunguang Wang Qun li The Institute of Xi’an Aerospace Solid Propulsion Technology Xi’an710025China State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures School of Aerospace EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

The electric fatigue load has a significant effect on the crack propagation behavior and failure life of piezoelectric materials and devices. In this paper, an electrical mixed-mode fatigue crack propagation model for piezoelectric materials is proposed based on the piezoelectric jk-integral theory. The crack initiation, propagation, and life prediction criteria of piezoelectric materials under electric fatigue loading are given by this model, and the finite element simulation model is established to study the electrical mixed-mode crack propagation behavior of piezoelectric structures. Meanwhile, the electrical mixed-mode fatigue crack propagation model is applied to the fatigue crack propagation behavior of a piezoelectric typical defective structure, the crack–hole interference model. The mixed-mode crack propagation, fatigue life, and the interference behavior between the crack and hole at various hole locations of the crack–hole interference model are well recognized by this model. The crack propagation behavior under different electrical load intensities is also considered. The results show that the hole in front of the crack tip inhibits crack propagation to a certain extent, and the strength of electrical load affects the fatigue life of piezoelectric materials and structures. Therefore, the proposed electrical mixed-mode fatigue crack propagation model provides a reference for predicting the mixed-mode fatigue crack propagation behavior and fatigue life of piezoelectric structures under electric fatigue loading.

关键词： Configurational force j k-integral Piezoelectric Mixed-mode crack propagation life prediction

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Corrosion behavior of Gd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)thermal barrier coatings under Fe-containing environmental sediment attack

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journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第4期13卷 447-462页

作者： Lei Guo yanyan li Kai yan School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced joining Technology Key Lab of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin 300072China Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Safety and Energy-saving for State Market Regulation China Special Equipment Inspection&Research InstituteBeijing 100029China

Environmental sediments mainly consisting of CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)(CMAS)corrosion are a serious threat to thermal barrier coatings(TBCs),in which Fe element is usually ***_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)TBCs are famous for their excellent CMAS *** this study,the characteristics of Fe-containing environmental sediments(CMAS-Fe)and their corrosiveness to Gd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)coatings were *** types of CMAS-Fe glass with different Fe contents were *** melting points were measured to be 1322–1344℃,and the high-temperature viscosity showed a decreasing trend with increasing Fe *** corrosion behavior of four types of CMAS-Fe to Gd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)coatings at 1350℃was *** the initial corrosion stage(0.1 h),anorthite was precipitated in CMAS-Fe with a high Ca:Si ratio,while Fe-garnet was formed in the melt with the highest Fe *** the corrosion time resulted in the formation of a reaction layer,which exhibited an interpenetrating network composed of Gd-oxyapatite,ZrO_(2),and residual *** spinel was precipitated within the reaction *** 1 h or even longer time,the reaction layers tended to be stable and compact,which had comparable hardness and fracture toughness to those of Gd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)*** the cyclic CMAS-Fe attack,the residual CMAS-Fe in the interpenetrating network provided a pathway for the redeposited CMAS-Fe infiltration,resulting in the continuous growth of the reaction *** a result,the Gd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)coatings had a large consumption in the thickness,degrading the coating ***,the Gd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)coatings exhibit unsatisfactory corrosion resistance to CMAS-Fe attack.

关键词： thermal barrier coatings(TBCs) Gd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7) Fe-containing CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO_(2)(CMAS) corrosion resistance reaction layer

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