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A unified pre-training and adaptation framework for combinatorial optimization on graphs

Science China Mathematics 2024年第6期67卷 1439-1456页

作者： Ruibin Zeng Minglong Lei Lingfeng Niu Lan cheng School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China School of economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Mathematics and Statistics Central South UniversityChangsha410075China

Combinatorial optimization(CO)on graphs is a classic topic that has been ex.ensively studied across many scientific and industrial ***,solving CO problems on graphs through learning methods has attracted great *** deep learning methods,e.g.,graph neural networks(GNNs),have been used to effectively assist the process of solving ***,current frameworks based on GNNs are mainly designed for certain CO problems,thereby failing to consider their transferable and generalizable abilities among different COs on ***,simply using original graphs to model COs only captures the direct correlations among objects,which does not consider the mathematical logicality and properties of *** this paper,we propose a unified pre-training and adaptation framework for COs on graphs with the help of the maximum satisfiability(Max-SAT)*** first use Max-SAT to bridge different COs on graphs since they can be converted to Max-SAT problems represented by standard formulas and clauses with logical *** we further design a pre-training and domain adaptation framework to extract the transferable and generalizable features so that different COs can benefit from *** the pre-training stage,Max-SAT instances are generated to initialize the parameters of the *** the fine-tuning stage,instances from CO and Max-SAT problems are used for adaptation so that the transferable ability can be further *** ex.eriments on several datasets show that features extracted by our framework exhibit superior transferability and Max-SAT can boost the ability to solve COs on graphs.

关键词： combinatorial optimization graph neural networks domain adaptation maximum satisfiability problem

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The configuration of Au^(δ+)-ZrO_(2)^(δ−)species induced activation enhances electrocatalytic CO_(2)to formate conversion

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6006-6015页

作者： yongjian Jia yadi Zhang Mengque Lin yangyang cheng yanjie xu National engineering Research Center for Technology and equipment of environmental Deposition Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Lab of Opt-electronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry of education Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China School of environmental engineering and Chemistry Luoyang Institute of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China

electrochemical CO_(2)conversion into value-added chemicals is a promising technology to solve the greenhouse effect and recycle chemical ***,the electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(e-CO_(2)RR)is seriously compromised by weak CO_(2)adsorption and a rough CO_(2)activation process based on the chemical inertness of the CO_(2)molecule and the formed fragile metal–C/O *** this paper,we designed and fabricated Au particles embedded in ZrO_(2).The configuration of Au particles being of positive charge and ZrO_(2)with negative charge is induced and generated by metal–support interactions(MSIs).As a result,Au/ZrO_(2)@C presents a big difference in the CO_(2)conversion compared with the known work,affording a formate yield of 112.5μmol·cm^(−2)·h^(−1)at−1.1 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHe),and a max formate Faradaic efficiency of up to 94.1%at−0.9 V *** superior performance was attributed to the activated Au–ZrO_(2)interface to form the Au^(δ+)*** insitu Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and theoretical calculations show that the MSIs configuration can be inclined to the*OCO intermediate generation on Au^(δ+)species activating CO_(2)molecules and then accelerate the formation of the*OCHO intermediate in e-CO_(2)RR,thereby favoring the CO_(2)conversion to formate.

关键词： electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(e-CO_(2)RR) Au_(δ+)species formic acid *OCHO intermediate metal-support interactions

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Partially-hiding functional encryption for degree-2 polynomials with fine-grained access control

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第3期18卷 231-233页

作者： Haifeng QIAN cheng LIN Qiaohan CHU Jie CHeN Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing Software Engineering InstituteEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

1 Introduction Boneh et al.[1]first systematically introduce the concept of Functional encryption(Fe)which overcomes all-or-nothing limitation of traditional public key ***,Fe hides a potential problem:even if the secret key is obtained legitimately,once it is released,it can be used *** leads to that the secret key may leak information *** deal with this problem and make Fe more practical,Abdalla et al.[2]recently constructed inner-product Fe(IPFe)with fine-grained access control achieving strong security guarantees under standard assumptions.

关键词： grain encryption encryption

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Design of new chemicals for advanced electrolytes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1378-1380页

作者： Haoran cheng Zheng Ma Qian Li Jun Ming State Key Laboratory of Rare earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

This highlight is inspired by a recent article in Nature energy in which Liu and co-workers [1] from Tsinghua University designed a new asymmetric lithium salt (i.e., lithium 1,1,1-trifluoro-N-[2-[2-(2-methoxy ethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl] methanesulfonamide (Li FeA)) and applied it as a new lithium-salt additive in the conventional carbonate-based electrolyte,overcoming the incompatibility issue of carbonate electrolytes with lithium metal in lithium metal batteries (LMBs),even achieving a fast-charging feature.

关键词： lithium carbonate electrolyte

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Generation,bonding and reactivity of transient zinc-substituted silylenes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1256-1262页

作者： cheng xu Thayalan Rajeshkumar Laurent Maron x.ebing Leng yaofeng Chen State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Spin-x Institute School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China LPCNO CNRS&INSAUniversitéPaul SabatierToulous 31077France

The metal-substituted silylenes are of high interest,as the theoretical studies indicated that the silylenes with electropositive substituents have a small Δe_(S-T)(singlet-triplet energy gap)or even the ground-state ***,such compounds are highly unstable,and only two transient alkali metal-substituted silylenes M(^(t)Bu_(3)Si)Si:(M=Li,K)were generated by photoextrusion of the alkali metal-substituted silacyclopropenes and merely studied by spectroscopic method(ePR)at low temperature(14 to 50 K).Herein,we report the generation of transient zinc-substituted silylenes from zinc silacyclopropanyl complexes under very mild and convenient *** generated transient zinc-substituted silylenes are highly reactive and undergo intermolecular cycloaddition with alkenes for the synthesis of zinc-substituted Si-heterocyclic *** there is no substrate,the zinc-substituted silylenes attack the C-C bonds of the β-diketiminato ligands and break the C-C *** studies further highlight the silylene nature of the zinc-substituted silylene and a very small Δe_(S-T)(4.4 kcal/mol).

关键词： zinc complex silylene C-C bond cleavage cycloaddition DFT calculations

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Multi-objective optimization of a high speed on/off valve for dynamic performance improvement and volume minimization

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第10期37卷 435-444页

作者： Qi ZHONG Junxian WANG enguang xU cheng yU yanbiao LI College of Mechanical engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Key Laboratory of Special Purpose equipment and Advanced Processing Technology Ministry of Education and Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China

Hydraulic circuits with high speed on/off valve(HSV)for servo control have become commonplace in ***,the individual valve that is not volume-optimized results in a large total size of hydraulic control system,diminishing the *** address this issue,the high-precision equivalent reluctance model of the HSV is established by employing an equivalent magnetic circuit,on which the dynamic characteristic of the HSV,as well as the effects of structural parameters on switching behaviour,are *** on this model,multi-objective optimization is adopted to design an HSV with faster dynamic performance and smaller volume,NSGA-II genetic algorithm is applied to obtain the Pareto front of the desired *** assess the impact before and after optimization,an HSV based on the optimized structure is manufactured and *** ex.erimental results show that the optimized HSV reduces 47.1%of its solenoid volume while improving opening and closing dynamic performance by 14.8%and 43.0%respectively,increasing maximum switching frequency by 6.2%,and expanding flow linear control area by 6.7%.These results validate the optimized structure and indicate that the optimization method provided in the paper is beneficial for developing superior HSV.

关键词： High speed on/off valve Dynamic response Volume Multiobjective optimization NSGA-II genetic algorithm

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Defect-mode and Fabry-Perot resonance induced multi-band nonreciprocal thermal radiation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 2405-2412页

作者： CHeN ZiHe yU ShiLv yUAN cheng CUI xinyou HU Run School of energy and Power engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Wuhan Fiberhome Fuhua electric Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430074China

According to Kirchhoff's radiation law,the spectral-directional absorptivity(α)and spectral-directional emissivity(e)of an object are widely believed to be identical,which places a fundamental limit on photonic energy conversion and *** introduction of Weyl semimetals and magneto-optical(MO)materials into photonic crystals makes it possible to violate Kirchhoff's law,but most existing work only report the unequal absorptivity and emissivity spectra in a single band,which cannot meet the requirements of most practical ***,we introduce a defect layer into the structure composed of one-dimensional(1D)magnetophotonic crystal and a metal layer,which realizes dual-band nonreciprocal thermal radiation under a 3-T magnetic field with an incident angle of 60°.The realization of dual-band nonreciprocal radiation is mainly due to the Fabry-Perot(FP)resonance occurring in the defect layer and the excitation of Tamm plasmon,which is proved by calculating the magnetic field *** addition,the effects of incident angle and structural parameters on nonreciprocity are also *** is more,the number of nonreciprocal bands could be further increased by tuning the defect layer *** the defect layer thickness increases to 18.2μm,tri-band nonreciprocal thermal radiation is realized due to the enhanced number of defect modes in the photonic band gap and the FP resonance occurring in the defect ***,the effect of defect location on nonreciprocity is also *** present work provides a new way for the design of multi-band or even broad-band nonreciprocal thermal emitters.

关键词： Kirchhoff's law multi-band nonreciprocal thermal radiation magnetophotonic crystal Tamm plasmon defect layer Fabry-Perot resonance

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Multi-objective optimization and evaluation of supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle for nuclear power generation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 183-209页

作者： Guo-Peng yu yong-Feng cheng Na Zhang Ping-Jian Ming Sino-French Institute of Nuclear engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Civil engineering and Architecture East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China

The supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle is considered a promising energy conversion system for Generation IV reactors for its simple layout,compact structure,and high cycle *** models of four Brayton cycle layouts are developed in this study for different reactors to reduce the cost and increase the thermohydraulic performance of nuclear power generation to promote the commercialization of nuclear *** analysis,multi-objective optimizations,and four decision-making methods are applied to obtain each Brayton scheme’s optimal thermohydraulic and economic *** show that for the same design thermal power scale of reactors,the higher the core’s exit temperature,the better the Brayton cycle’s thermo-economic *** the four-cycle layouts,the recompression cycle(RC)has the best overall performance,followed by the simple recuperation cycle(SR)and the intercooling cycle(IC),and the worst is the reheating cycle(RH).However,RH has the lowest total cost of investment(C_(tot))of$1619.85 million,and IC has the lowest levelized cost of energy(LCOe)of 0.012$/(kWh).The nuclear Brayton cycle system’s overall performance has been improved due to *** performance of the molten salt reactor combined with the intercooling cycle(MSR-IC)scheme has the greatest improvement,with the net output power(W_(net)),thermal efficiencyη_(t),and exergy efficiency(η_(e))improved by 8.58%,8.58%,and 11.21%,*** performance of the lead-cooled fast reactor combined with the simple recuperation cycle scheme was optimized to increase C_(tot) by 27.78%.In comparison,the internal rate of return(IRR)increased by only 7.8%,which is not friendly to investors with limited *** the nuclear Brayton cycle,the molten salt reactor combined with the recompression cycle scheme should receive priority,and the gas-cooled fast reactor combined with the reheating cycle scheme should be considered carefully.

关键词： Supercritical CO_(2)Brayton cycle Nuclear power generation Thermo-economic analysis Multi-objective optimization Decision-making methods

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A large language model-powered literature review for high-angle annular dark field imaging

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 76-81页

作者： Wenhao yuan cheng Peng Qian He Department of Material Science and engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1EA#03-09117575Singapore Centre for Hydrogen Innovations National University of SingaporeE81 Engineering Drive 3117580Singapore

High-angle annular dark field(HAADF)imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy(STeM)has become an indispensable tool in materials science due to its ability to offer sub-°A resolution and provide chemical information through *** study leverages large language models(LLMs)to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of a large amount of HAADF-related literature(more than 41000 papers).By using LLMs,specifically ChatGPT,we were able to extract detailed information on applications,sample preparation methods,instruments used,and study *** findings highlight the capability of LLMs to provide a new perspective into HAADF imaging,underscoring its increasingly important role in materials ***,the rich information extracted from these publications can be harnessed to develop AI models that enhance the automation and intelligence of electron microscopes.

关键词： large language models high-angle annular dark field imaging deep learning

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LncRNA MeG3 Inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal Transition of Bladder Cancer Cells through the Snail/e-cadherin Axis

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Current Medical Science 2024年第4期44卷 726-734页

作者： Liang WANG Ping WANG Bing LIU Hui ZHANG cheng-cheng WeI Ming xIONG Gang LUO Miao WANG Department of Urology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Department of Clinical Laboratory Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Department of Urology The Central Hospital of WuhanTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430014.China

Objective This study aimed to investigate the role of the long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)maternally expressed gene 3(MeG3)in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(eMT)of bladder cancer cells and the potential *** Cell invasion,migration,and wound healing assays were conducted to assess the effects of MeG3 on the invasive and migratory capabilities of bladder cancer *** expression levels of e-cadherin were measured using Western blotting,RT-qPCR,and dual luciferase reporter *** immunoprecipitation and pull-down assays were performed to investigate the interactions between MeG3 and its downstream *** MeG3 suppressed the invasion and migration of bladder cancer cells and modulated the transcription of *** binding of MeG3 to the zinc finger region of the transcription factor Snail prevented its ability to transcriptionally repress ***,MeG3 suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinase(eRK),c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK),and P38,thereby decreasing the expression of Snail and stimulating the expression of *** MeG3 plays a vital role in suppressing the eMT in bladder cancer cells,indicating its potential as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of bladder cancer.

关键词： long noncoding RNA bladder cancer maternally expressed gene 3 epithelial-mesenchymal transition Snail

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