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Overview of wall probes for erosion and deposition studies in the TEXTOR tokamak

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2017年第3期2卷 87-104页

作者： M.Rubel S.Brezinsek J.W.Coenen A.Huber A.Kirschner A.Kreter P.Petersson V.Philipps A.Pospieszczyk B.Schweer G.Sergienko T.Tanabe y.ueda P.Wienhold Department of Fusion Plasma Physics Royal Institute of TechnologyS-10044 StockholmSweden Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH Institut fur Energie-und Klimaforschung-PlasmaphysikPartner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster(TEC)52425 JulichGermany Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Science Kyushu UniversityJapan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka UniversityOsaka 565-0871Japan

An overview of diagnostic tools e test limiters and collector probes e used over the years for material migration studies in the TEXTOR tokamak is *** transfer systems are shown and their technical capabilities are *** is accompanied by a brief pre-sentation of selected results and conclusions from the research on material erosion e deposition processes including tests of candidate materials(e.g.W,Mo,carbon-based composites)for plasma-facing components in controlled fusion *** use of tracer techniques and methods for analysis of materials retrieved from the tokamak are *** impact of research on the reactor wall technology is addressed.

关键词： Erosion-deposition Material migration Deuterium retention Carbon Tungsten TEXTOR

Progress in Physics and Technology Developments for the Modification of JT-60

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Plasma Science and Technology 2004年第1期6卷 2141-2150页

作者： H.Tamai M.Matsukawa G.Kurita N.Hayashi K.Urata y.M.Miura K.Kizu K.Tsuchiya A.Morioka y.Kudo S.Sakurai K.Masaki T.Suzuki M.Takechi y.Kamada A.Sakasai S.Ishida K.Abe A.Ando T.Cho T.Fujii T.Fujita S.Goto K.Hananda A.Hatayama T.Hino H.Horiike N.Hosogane M.Ichimura Tsuji-Iio S.Itoh M.Katsurai M.Kikuchi A.Kohyama H.Kubo M.Kuriyama M.Matsuoka y.Miura N.Miya T.Mizuuchi K.Nagasaki H.Ninomiya N.Nishino y.Ogawa K.Okano T.Ozeki M.Saigusa M.Sakamoto M.Satoh M.Shimada R.Shimada M.Shimizu T.Takagi y.Takase T.Tanabe K.Toi y.ueda y.Uesugi K.Ushigusa y.yagi T.yamamoto K.yatsu K.yoshikawa Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Naka Ibarahi 311-0193 Japan Tohoku University University of Tsukuba Osaka University Kyushu University Keio University Hokkaido University Tokyo Institute of Technology the University of Tokyo Kyoto University Mie University Hiroshima University Central research Institute of Electric Power Industry Ibaraki University ITER JCT Nagoya University National Institute for Fusion Science Kanazawa University National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Recent progress in the physics and engineering design study for themodification programme of JT-60 is presented. In order to achieve a steady state high-βplasmaoperation, which is the dominant issue of this programme, physics design for the MHD control and thestability analysis is investigated. Engineering design and the R & D for the superconducting coils,irradiation shield are performed well towards the mission of programme.

关键词： modification of JT-60 physics design technology developments

Cortical hem signaling center: functions, development, and potential implications for evolution and brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1079-1080页

作者： Victor V.Chizhikov Igor y.Iskusnykh Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical *** such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embryonic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analysis in *** cortical hem produces several types of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(Bmp)*** cortical hem is particularly important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory,and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple types of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;Dal-Valle-Anton and Borrell,2022).

关键词： epithelium Figure center

Exercise preconditioning alleviates ischemia-induced memory deficits by increasing circulating adiponectin

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1445-1454页

作者： Meifeng Zheng Borui Zhang Sonata S y yau Kwok-Fai So Li Zhang Haining Ou Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Exercise and Brain Science School of PsychologyShanghai University of SportShanghaiChina Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Cerebral ischemia is a major health risk that requires preventive approaches in addition to drug *** exercise enhances neurogenesis and synaptogenesis,and has been widely used for functional rehabilitation after *** this study,we determined whether exercise training before disease onset can alleviate the severity of cerebral *** also examined the role of exercise-induced circulating factors in these *** mice were subjected to 14 days of treadmill exercise training before surgery for middle cerebral artery *** found that this exercise pre-conditioning strategy effectively attenuated brain infarct area,inhibited gliogenesis,protected synaptic proteins,and improved novel object and spatial memory *** analysis showed that circulating adiponectin plays a critical role in these preventive effects of *** activation of adiponectin receptors by Adipo Ron mimicked the effects of exercise,while inhibiting receptor activation abolished the exercise *** summary,our results suggest a crucial role of circulating adiponectin in the effects of exercise pre-conditioning in protecting against cerebral ischemia and supporting the health benefits of exercise.

关键词： adiponectin cerebral ischemia exercise pre-conditioning hippocampus memory function middle cerebral artery occlusion prefrontal cortex synaptic proteins treadmill exercise

Two coplanar cracks in a functionally graded piezoelectric material strip under mechanical and transient thermal loadings

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第11期55卷 2088-2099页

作者： ueda Sei Department of Mechanical Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology5-16-1 OmiyaAsahi-kuOsaka535-8585Japan

In this paper,the fracture problem of a functionally graded piezoelectric material strip(FGPM strip) containing two coplanar cracks perpendicular to its boundaries is *** problem is solved for an FGPM strip that is suddenly heated from the bottom surface under static mechanical *** top surface is maintained at the initial *** crack faces are supposed to be completely *** properties are assumed to be exponentially dependent on the distance from the bottom *** using the Laplace and Fourier transforms,the thermoelectromechanical fracture problem is reduced to a set of singular integral equations,which are solved *** stress intensity factors for the cases of the two embedded cracks,two edge cracks,and an embedded crack and an edge crack are computed and presented as a function of the normalized time,the nonhomogeneous and geometric parameters.

关键词： functionally graded piezoelectric material fracture mechanics elasticity coplanar cracks stress intensity factor integral transform transient response

Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon J.Brown Rafael J.yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

On the Plasma (ion) Carburized Layer of High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 375-377页

作者： y. ueda N. Kanayama K. Ichii T. Oishi H. Miyake Shimane Institute for Industrial Technology 1 Hokuryo-cho Matsue Shimane 690-0816 JapanShimane Institute for Industrial Technology 1 Hokuryo-cho Matsue Shimane 690-0816 JapanFaculty of Engineering Kansai University 3-3-35 Yamate-cho Suita Osaka 564-8680 JapanFaculty of Engineering Kansai University 3-3-35 Yamate-cho Suita Osaka 564-8680 JapanFaculty of Engineering Kansai University 3-3-35 Yamate-cho Suita Osaka 564-8680 Japan

The manganese concentration of austenitic stainless steel decreases from the inner layer towards the surface of the plasma (ion) carburized layer due to the evaporation of manganese from the specimen surface. The carbon concentration in the carburized layer is influenced by alloyed elements such as Cr, Ni, Si, and Mo, as well as Nitrogen. This study examined the effects of nitrogen on the properties of the carburized layer of high nitrogen stainless steel. Plasma (ion) carburizing was carried out for 14.4 ks at 1303 K in an atmosphere of CH4+H2 gas mixtures under a pressure of 350 Pa. The plasma carburized layer of the high nitrogen stainless steel was thinner than that of an austentric stainless steel containing no nitrogen. This suggested that the nitrogen raised the activity of carbon in the plasma carburized layer, GDOES measurement indicated that the nitrogen level in the layer did not vary after plasma (ion) carburizing.

关键词：等离子渗碳高氮不锈钢奥氏体 GDOES

Creeping fat and gut microbiota in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 16-23页

作者： Ana EV Quaglio Daniéla O Magro Marcello Imbrizi Ellen CS De Oliveira Luiz C Di Stasi Ligia y Sassaki Verum Ingredients Botucatu Technology ParkBotucatu 18605-525São PauloBrazil Department of Surgery Faculty of Medical SciencesState University of CampinasCampinas 13083-970São PauloBrazil Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of CampinasCampinas 13083-970São PauloBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolSão Paulo State UniversityBotucatu 18618-686São PauloBrazil Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology Institute of BiosciencesSão Paulo State UniversityBotucatu 18618-689São PauloBrazil

In this article,we explored the role of adipose tissue,especially mesenteric adipose tissue and creeping fat,and its association with the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology and progression of Crohn’s disease(CD).CD is a form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract,influenced by genetic predisposition,gut microbiota dysbiosis,and environmental *** microbiota plays a crucial role in modulating immune response and intestinal inflammation and is associated with the onset and progression of ***,visceral adipose tissue,particularly creeping fat,a mesenteric adipose tissue characterized by hypertrophy and fibrosis,has been implicated in CD pathogenesis,inflammation,and *** bacteria from the gut microbiota may translocate into mesenteric adipose tissue,contributing to the formation of creeping fat and influencing CD *** creeping fat may be a protective barrier against bacterial invasion,its expansion can damage adjacent tissues,leading to *** gut microbiota through interventions such as fecal microbiota transplantation,probiotics,and prebiotics has shown potential in managing ***,more research is needed to clarify the mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis,creeping fat,and CD progression and develop targeted therapies for microbiota modulation and fat-related complications in patients with CD.

关键词： Creeping fat Mesenteric adipose tissue Gut microbiota Crohn’s disease Inflammatory bowel disease

Luminescence of Er^(3+) in Oxyfluoride Transparent Glass-Ceramics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第6期24卷 699-705页

作者： Akira ueda Steven H Morgan Richard Mu Department of Physics Fisk University NashvilleTN 37208 USA

Erbium doped silicate, germanate, and tellurium-germanate oxyfluoride glasses were prepared in a bulk form. Through appropriate heat treatment of the as-prepared glasses, transparent glass-ceramics （TGCs） were obtained with the formation of β-PbF2：Er^3＋ nanocrystals in the glass matrix were confirmed by X-ray ***-defined diffraction peaks were observed in the samples after heat-treatment. The average crystal diameter of these precipitated crystals from full-width at half-maximum （FWHM） of the diffraction peak was estimated to be between 8 and 13 nm. Optical absorption, photoluminescence, and upconversion luminescence were measured on as-prepared glass and glass-ceramics. Luminescence spectra in the TGC samples revealed well-resolved, sharp stark-splitting peaks, which indicates that a majority of Er^3＋ ions has been incorporated into the crystalline phase of the nanocrystals. The intensity of the visible and near infrared luminescence mostly increases in TSG compared to that in the as-prepared glass. In 1.53 μm absorption and emission bands, the maximum absorption peak is blue-shifted from 1531 to 1507 nm, whereas the maximum emission peak is redshifted from 1535 to 1543 nm in TGC, as compared with that in glass. The bandwidth at half-maximum （BWHM） of the emission band is significantly broader in TGC than in glass, which is beneficial to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier （EDFA）. Upconversion luminescence was measured using 800 nm near-infrared light excitation. Drastically increased upconversion 1 was observed from the TGC as compared to that from their corresponding as-prepared glasses. In addition to a strong green emission centered at 545 nm because of ^4S3/2→^4I15/2 transition and a weaker red emission centered at 662 nm because of ^4F9/2→^4I15/2 transition, generally seen from the Er^3＋ doped glasses, two violet emissions centered at 410 nm because of ^2H9/2→^4I15/2 transition and centered at 379 nm because of ^4G11/2→^4I15/2 transition were also o

关键词： luminescence transparent glass-ceramics rare earths