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DMPP mitigates n_(2)O and nO productions by inhibiting ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in an intensified vegetable field under different temperature and moisture regimes

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 652-663页

作者： Xi ZHAnG Xintong xu ch.nyuan WAnG Qianqian ZHAnG Yubing dong Zhengqin XIOnG Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095(China) Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceGeorg-August University of GottingenGottingen 37077(Germany) State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300(China) Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of xuhuai Region in Jiangsu Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesHuai’an 223001(China)

Vegetable soils with high nitrogen input are major sources of nitrous oxide(n_(2)O)and nitric oxide(nO),and incorporation of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP)into soils has been documented to effectively reduce ***,the efficiency of DMPP in terms of soil n_(2)O and nO mitigations varies greatly depending on soil temperature and moisture ***,further evaluations of DMPP efficiency in diverse environments are required to encourage widespread application.A laboratory incubation study(28 d)was established to investigate the interactive effects of DMPP,temperature(15,25,and 35?C),and soil moisture(55% and 80% of water-holding capacity(WHC))on net nitrification rate,n_(2)O and nO productions,and gene abundances of nitrifiers and denitrifiers in an intensive vegetable *** showed that incubating soil with 1%DMPP led to partial inhibition of the net nitrification rate and n_(2)O and nO productions,and the reduction percentage of n_(2)O production was higher than that of nO production(69.3%vs.38.2%)regardless of temperature and soil moisture *** increased temperatures promoted the net nitrification rate but decreased soil n_(2)O and nO *** moisture influenced nO production more than n_(2)O production,decreasing with the increased moisture level(80%).The inhibitory effect of DMPP on cumulative n_(2)O and nO productions decreased with increased temperatures at 55%***,the inhibitory effect of DMPP on cumulative n_(2)O production increased with increased temperatures at 80%*** on the correlation analyses and automatic linear modeling,the mitigation of both n_(2)O and nO productions from the soil induced by DMPP was attributed to the decreases in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)amoA gene abundance and nO_(2)^(-)-n ***,our study indicated that DMPP reduced both n_(2)O and nO productions by regulating the associated AOB amoA gene abundance and nO_(2)^(-)-n concentra

关键词： 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate environment condition gene abundance nitrification inhibitor nitrite accumulation soil water content

A General Simulation Method for Complex Deformation of Irregular-Shaped Origami Configurations

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Acta Mech.nica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 90-98页

作者： Zhaoch.n dong Yichao Zhu xu Guo State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Department of Engineering MechanicsInternational Research Center for Computational MechanicsDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China

Most existing treatments for origami-folding simulations have focused on regular-shaped *** article aims to introduce a general strategy for simulating and analyzing the deformation process of irregular shapes by means of computational capabilities *** better simulate origami deformation with folding orders,the concept of plane follow-up is introduced to achieve automated computer simulation of complex folding patterns,thereby avoiding intersection and penetration between *** on the evaluation criteria such as the lowest storage energy with tightening and the fastest pace from tightening to unfolding,the optimal crease distribution patterns for four irregular(‘n’-,‘T’-,‘O’-,and‘P’-shaped)origami configurations are then presented under five *** the dimensions of the origami are fixed,it is discovered that simpler folding patterns lead to faster deformation of the origami *** the folding complexity is fixed,higher strain energy results in more rapid origami expansion.

关键词： Irregular-shaped origami Complex deformation Computer-aided origami design General simulation

Spatially selective p-type doping for constructing lateral WS2 p-n homojunction via low-energy nitrogen ion implantation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1159-1169页

作者： Yufan Kang Yongfeng Pei dong He Hang xu Mingjun Ma Jialu Yan ch.ngzhong Jiang Wenqing Li Xiangheng Xiao School of Physics and Technology Key Lab of Artificial Micro-and Nano-Structures of Ministry of EducationWuhan UniversityWuhanChina

The construction of lateral p-n junctions is very important and challenging in two-dimensional(2D)semiconductor manufacturing *** researches have demonstrated that vertical p-n junction can be prepared simply by vertical stacking of 2D ***,interface pollution and large area scalability are challenges that are difficult to overcome with vertical stacking *** 2D lateral p-n homojunction is an effective strategy to address these *** selective p-type doping of 2D semiconductors is expected to construct lateral p-n *** this work,we have developed a low-energy ion implantation system that reduces the implanted energy to 300 ***-energy implantation can form a shallow implantation depth,which is more suitable for modulating the electrical and optical properties of 2D ***,we utilize low-energy ion implantation to directly dope nitrogen ions into few-layer WS_(2) and successfully realize a precise regulation for WS_(2) with its conductivity type transforming from n-type to bipolar or even p-type ***,the universality of this method is demonstrated by extending it to other 2D semiconductors,including WSe_(2),SnS_(2) and MoS_(2).Based on this method,a lateral WS_(2) p-n homojunction is fabricated,which exhibits significant rectification characteristics.A photodetector based on p-n junction with photovoltaic effect is also prepared,and the open circuit voltage can reach to 0.39 *** work provides an effective way for controllable doping of 2D semiconductors.

关键词： implantation doping Spatial

Ambarzumyan's Theorem for the Dirac Operator on Equilateral Tree Graphs

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 568-576页

作者： dong-Jie WU Xin-Jian xu chuan-Fu YAnG Department of Mathematics School of Mathematics and StatisticsNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

The classical Ambarzumyan’s theorem states that if the neumann eigenvalues of the Sturm-Liouville operator-d^(2)/dx^(2)+q with an integrable real-valued potential q on[0,π] are {n^(2):n≥0},then q=0 for almost all x∈[0,π].In this work,the classical Ambarzumyan’s theorem is extended to the Dirac operator on equilateral tree *** prove that if the spectrum of the Dirac operator on graphs coincides with the unperturbed case,then the potential is identically zero.

关键词： dirac operator quantum graph Ambarzumyan’s theorem inverse spectral problem

Lycium barbarum glycopeptide(wolfberry extract)slows n-methyl-n-nitrosourea-induced degradation of photoreceptors

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2290-2298页

作者： Qihang Kong Xiu Han Haiyang ch.ng Jiayu Liu Huijun Zhang Tangrong dong Jiansu ch.n Kwok-Fai So xuesong Mi Ying xu Shibo Tang Department of Ophthalmology Aier Eye HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CnS Regeneration Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education)Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Guangzhou Panyu Central HospitalGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina School of Stomatology Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Aier Academician Station ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Co-Innovation Center of neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Photoreceptor cell degeneration leads to blindness, for which there is currently no effective treatment. Our previous studies have shown that Lycium barbarum(L. barbarum) polysaccharide(LBP) protects degenerated photoreceptors in rd1, a transgenic mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa. L. barbarum glycopeptide(Lb GP) is an immunoreactive glycoprotein extracted from LBP. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of Lb GP on a chemically induced photoreceptor-degenerative mouse model. Wild-type mice received the following: oral administration of Lb GP as a protective pre-treatment on days 1–7;intraperitoneal administration of 40 mg/kg n-methyln-nitrosourea to induce photoreceptor injury on day 7;and continuation of orally administered Lb GP on days 8–14. Treatment with Lb GP increased photoreceptor survival and improved the structure of photoreceptors, retinal photoresponse, and visual behaviors of mice with photoreceptor degeneration. Lb GP was also found to partially inhibit the activation of microglia in n-methyl-n-nitrosourea-injured retinas and significantly decreased the expression of two pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, Lb GP effectively slowed the rate of photoreceptor degeneration in n-methyl-n-nitrosourea-injured mice, possibly through an anti-inflammatory mech.nism, and has potential as a candidate drug for the clinical treatment of photoreceptor degeneration.

关键词： anti-inflammation inherited retinal diseases Lycium barbarum glycopeptide n-methyl-n-nitrosourea opsin photoreceptor reactive gliosis retinal degeneration retinitis pigmentosa rhodopsin

ARPES investigation of the electronic structure and its evolution in magnetic topological insulator MnBi2+2nTe4+3n family

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national Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 81-93页

作者： Runzhe xu Lixuan xu Zhongkai Liu Lexian Yang Yulin ch.n State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua University School of Physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech University and CAS-Shanghai Science Research Center Shanghai Tech Laboratory for Topological Physics Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of Oxford

In the past 5 years,there has been significant research interest in the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator family compounds MnBi2+2nTe4+3n（where n=0,1,2…）.In particular,exfoliated thin films of MnBi2Te4have led to numerous experimental breakthroughs,such as the quantum anomalous Hall effect,axion insulator phase and high-chern number quantum Hall effect without Landau ***,despite extensive efforts,the energy gap of the topological surface states due to exch.nge magnetic coupling,which is a key feature of the characteristic band structure of the system,remains experimentally *** electronic structure measured by using angle-resolved photoemission （ARPES） shows significant deviation from ab initio prediction and scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements,making it challenging to understand the transport results based on the electronic *** paper reviews the measurements of the band structure of MnBi2+2nTe4+3nmagnetic topological insulators using ARPES,focusing on the evolution of their electronic structures with temperature,surface and bulk doping and film *** aim of the review is to construct a unified picture of the electronic structure of MnBi2+2nTe4+3ncompounds and explore possible control of their topological properties.

关键词： magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 electronic structure angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Experimental Study on Mixed-Mode(Ⅰ–Ⅱ)Fracture Toughness of Freshwater Ice

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Acta Mech.nica Solida Sinica 2024年第2期37卷 252-264页

作者： Yaozhong xu Mao Zhou Xian Yi Wen Hua Jiuzhou Huang Wenyu Zhang Shiming dong Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering Ministry of EducationCollege of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Failure Mech.nics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China ch.na Aerodynamics Research and Development Center/Low Speed Aerodynamics Research Institute Mianyang621000China College of Mech.nical and Electrical Engineering Xichang UniversityXichang615000China

In recent years,the issue of aircraft icing has gained widespread *** breaking and detachment of dynamic ice can pose a threat to flight ***,the shedding and fracture mech.nisms of dynamic ice are unclear and cannot meet the engineering needs of ice-shedding hazard ***,studying the fracture toughness of ice bodies has extremely important practical *** address this issue,this article uses a centrally cracked Brazilian disk(CCBD)specimen to measure the pure modeⅠtoughness and pure modeⅡfracture toughness of freshwater ice at different loading *** mixed-mode(Ⅰ–Ⅱ)fracture characteristics of ice are discussed,and the experimental results are compared and analyzed with the theoretical values of the generalized maximum tangential stress(GMTS)criterion considering the influence of *** results indicated that as the loading rate increases,the pure modeⅠtoughness and pure modeⅡfracture toughness of freshwater ice decrease,and the fracture toughness of freshwater ice is more sensitive to the loading rate.Ⅰn terms of fracture criteria,the theoretical value of the ratio of pure modeⅡfracture toughness to pure modeⅠfracture toughness based on the GMTS criterion is in good agreement with the experimental value,while the theoretical value based on the maximum tangential stress(MTS)criterion deviates significantly from the experimental value,indicating that the GMTS criterion considering the influence of T-stress can better predict the experimental results.

关键词： Freshwater ice Fracture criteria Centrally cracked Brazilian disk(CCBD) Mixed-mode(Ⅰ-Ⅱ) Loading rate

characteristics and stability of oxide+carbonitride in H13 steel at 1250℃

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第1期31卷 134-142页

作者： Xiao-lin Sun Han-jie Guo Jing Guo Fei Wang dong xu Gao-yang Song Shuai Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandan056038HebeiChina School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China High Temperature Materials Research Institute Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing100081China Technology Innovation Center for High Quality Cold Heading Steel of Hebei Province Hebei University of EngineeringHandan056038HebeiChina

The morphology,size,quantity,and composition of complex oxide+carbonitride in H13 steel held at 1250℃for 5,10,and 15 h were *** results show that the ratio and number of complex carbonitrides with cores in H13 steel are gradually increased when holding at 1250℃compared with those in the original H13 steel,and the core size *** are one or more oxide cores in(Ti_(x),V_(1-x))(Cy,n_(1-y)),including xCaO·zAl_(2)O_(3),xCaO·yMgO·zAl_(2)O_(3),and CaO after holding at 1250℃,in addition to MgO·Al_(2)O_(3)and Al_(2)O_(3)in the original *** equilibrium temperature for(Ti_(x),V_(1-x))(Cy,n_(1-y))precipitation at the solidification front and decomposition in the solid state was theoretically analyzed,which was affected by the x value and the product of Ti and n contents in H13 ***,the composition of(Ti_(x),V_(1-x))(Cy,n_(1-y))is influenced by the oxide *** is convinced that(Ti_(x),V_(1-x))(Cy,n_(1-y))with oxide cores has a higher stability,especially for oxides with a high Al_(2)O_(3)*** treatment at high temperature facilitates a more reasonable analysis of oxide+carbonitride,and the generation mech.nism of oxide+carbonitride was discussed.

关键词： Complex carbonitride Decomposition Oxide core characteristic Stability

Mech.nical Behavior and Failure Mech.nism of an As-Extruded Mg-11wt%Y Alloy at Elevated Temperature

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第6期37卷 969-981页

作者： Lan Zhang Dao-Kui xu Bao-Jie Wang Cui-Lan Lu Shuo Wang Xiang-Bo xu dong-Liang Wang Xin Lv En-Hou Han School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang110016China Key Laboratory of nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Environmental and chemical Engineering Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang110159China Key Lab of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology Guangdong510070China

Through carrying out the high-temperature tensile experiments on an as-extruded Mg-11wt%Y alloy at 350℃,400℃,450℃,500℃and 550℃,the mech.nical behavior and fracture mech.nisms at elevated temperatures are investigated and *** results show that with the increase of temperature,the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the alloy increase at first and then decrease,while that the elongation ratio decreases firstly and then *** the sample being tested at 350℃,the values of yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and the elongation ratio are 188 MPa,266 MPa and 11%,*** 400℃,the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength reach the maximum values of,respectively,198 MPa and 277 MPa,but the elongation ratio is the lowest and its value is only 8%.When the applied temperature is increased to 550℃,the values of yield strength and ultimate tensile strength,respectively,decrease to 140 MPa and 192 MPa and the elongation ratio increases to 38%.Failure analysis demonstrates that the fracture surfaces of different samples are mainly composed of plastic dimples and exhibit the typical characteristic of ductile *** observation to the fracture side surfaces indicates that at the temperatures of 350℃and 400℃,microcracks mainly initiate in the interior of Mg_(24)Y_(5)*** the temperatures are 450℃,500℃and 550℃,the cracks preferentially initiate at the Mg_(24)Y_(5)/α-Mg interfaces.

关键词： Mg-Y alloy High-temperature tensile properties Fracture mech.nism Failure analysis