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Detour for the inexperienced? Migration count data suggest mostly juvenile Greater Spotted Eagles appear in coastal peninsulas in China

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 249-254页

作者： xu Shi Xiaoping Wang qian Wei Qiwei Lin lei Zhu School of the Environment The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD4072AustraliaAustralia Centre for Ecology and Conservation and Environment and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of ExeterPenrynCornwallTR109FEUK Guangxi Biodiversity Research and Conservation Association Nanning530022China Snake Island Laotieshan National Nature Reserve Dalian116041China Chongqing Birdwatching Society Chongqing400054China Huqiu Rd Gusu DistrictSuzhou215008China Raptor Research Group of Chengdu Chengdu610000China Guangxi Academy of Marine Science Nanning530007China

Soaring bird migration often relies on suitable terrain and airflow;therefore,route selection is vital for successful *** age and experience have been identified as key factor influencing migration route selection among soaring raptors in the African-Eurasian Flyway,how they shape the migration route of soaring raptors in East Asia is still largely *** this study,we investigated potential variations in the routes and timing in autumn migration of juvenile and older soaring birds,using count data of Greater Spotted Eagles(Clanga clanga)from two coastal sites and two inland sites in *** 2020 to 2023,we recorded a total of 340 individuals,with the highest site averaging over 90 individuals per autumn,making it one of the world’s top single-season counts and thus a globally important site for this *** found that 82% and 61% records from coastal sites were juveniles,significantly higher than inland sites(15% and 24%).Juveniles at all four sites exhibited markedly earlier median passage time than non-juveniles,with brief overlapping in their main migration *** coastal sites are located on the tip of peninsulas stretching southwest,requiring long overwater flights if crossing the Bohai Bay or Beibu Gulf,which would be energetically demanding and increase mortality *** individuals may have learned to avoid such terrain and subsequent detour,while juveniles are more prone to enter these peninsulas due to lack of experience and opportunities for social learning,or following other raptor species that are more capable of powered *** findings highlight the importance of age and experience in migration route selection of large soaring birds.

关键词： Clanga clanga East Asia Greater Spotted Eagle Juvenile Migration route Social learning

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Significant annealing-induced hardening effect in nanolaminate d-nanotwinne d(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8)me dium-entropy alloy by severe cold rolling

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 156-166页

作者： Shuqing Yuan Hui Fu lei qian Chi Fai Cheung xu-Sheng Yang State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518060China

Due to the easy coarsening caused by poor thermal stability,the verified annealing-induced hardening in nanograined metals can only maintain at a relatively low-temperature *** this study,a nanolam-inated(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8)medium-entropy alloy with an average lamellae thickness of∼20 nm embedded by thinner nanotwins was fabricated by severe cold rolling to achieve superior thermal *** with the conventional nanotwinned CrCoNi with nanotwins inside ultra-fined grains,the hier-archical nanolaminated-nanotwinned(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8) exhibits a significant annealing-induced hard-ening effect,i.e.,hardness increasing from∼250 HV in the original specimen to∼500 HV in the cold-rolled status and finally∼630 HV after annealing at 600℃for 1 *** microstructure characterizations reveal that the reduced dislocation density and formation of L1_(2)ordered domain are mainly responsible for such hardening effect,which is facilitated by the effectively suppressed coarsening with annealing temperature,i.e.,slow detwinning process and well-retained low-angle nanolamellar *** coarsening mechanisms from the cold-rolled nanolamellae to the fully recrystallized micro-equiaxed structures under the annealing temperatures ranging from 400 to 800℃ were also elucidated by atomic observations.

关键词： Annealing-induced hardening Thermal stability Nanolaminated-nanotwinned structure CrCoNi Detwinning Grain boundary migration

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2009—2018年河南省艾滋病二线抗病毒治疗病毒抑制失败影响因素分析

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现代预防医学 2023年第4期50卷 718-723+761页

作者：朱柯颖许前磊李鹏宇贾皇超姜琦刘亚楠金艳涛郭会军河南中医药大学河南中医药大学第一附属医院

目的探讨河南艾滋病中医项目地区转服二线抗病毒治疗的艾滋病病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)感染者/艾滋病人(acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS)治疗1年后发生病毒抑制的失败率和影响因素。方法通过河南省“艾滋... 详细信息

目的探讨河南艾滋病中医项目地区转服二线抗病毒治疗的艾滋病病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)感染者/艾滋病人(acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS)治疗1年后发生病毒抑制的失败率和影响因素。方法通过河南省“艾滋病常规治疗数据库”收集河南省艾滋病中医项目地区2009年1月至2018年12月期间转服二线抗病毒药物HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒情况的相关信息等数据。采用logistic回归分析二线抗病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS患者治疗1年后发生失败的影响因素。结果 4 118名患者HIV/AIDS患者纳入本回顾性队列研究进行分析，多因素分析显示：年龄>50岁(OR=1.235,95%CI:1.053～1.448),感染途径为输血(OR=1.566,95%CI:1.238～1.980),HIV阳性时长>6年(OR=1.676,95%CI:1.206～2.330),抗病毒治疗初始方案为D4T+3TC+EFV/NVP(OR=1.385,95%CI:1.135～1.691),CD4+T淋巴细胞计数小于200个/μl均为二线抗病毒失败的危险因素；婚况为无配偶(OR=0.798,95%CI:0.651～0.979),抗病毒治疗时长>5年(OR=0.740,95%CI:0.600～0.912)均为二线抗病毒治疗的保护性因素。结论 HIV/AIDS患者二线抗病毒治疗后满1抗病毒抑制失败率26.2%,但影响因素较多，应采取相应的干预措施，提高二线抗病毒的疗效。

关键词：艾滋病二线抗病毒治疗抗病毒治疗失败影响因素

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Distributed consensus-based algorithm for social welfare in smart grid with transmission losses

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第1期63卷 44-54页

作者： xu qian DAI PengCheng WANG lei CHEN DuXin WANG Kun YU WenWu Economic Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.Ltd. Hangzhou 310008China The Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence School of MathematicsSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

In this paper, we present a distributed consensus-based algorithm to solve the social welfare maximization problem. This is one of typical problems of distributed energy management in smart grid. In this problem, we consider not only the generator and demand, but also the transmission losses which make the feasibility set of the formulated problem a non-convex set. In solving this issue, we find a noticeable result that the primal problem has the same solution with a new convex optimization problem by getting the utmost out of the implied term in practice. Considering the general communication topology among generators and demands, we first design a finite step algorithm to make each generator and demand know the information of parameters of ***, we design a distributed algorithm and also prove the optimality and convergence of the proposed algorithm. Finally, the convergence and optimality are examined through extensive simulations.

关键词： distributed consensus-based algorithm social welfare maximization transmission losses smart grid

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Distributed fixed step-size algorithm for dynamic economic dispatch with power flow limits

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第1期64卷 110-122页

作者： Kun WANG Zao FU qian xu Duxin CHEN lei WANG Wenwu YU The State Grid Zhejiang Economic Research Institute School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Mathematics Southeast University

In this study, a discrete-time distributed algorithm is proposed for solving the dynamic economic dispatch problem with active power flow limits and transmission line loss. To avoid the communication burden and implement the algorithm in a favorably distributed manner, the splitting method is used to bypass the centralized updating of the algorithm’s parameters, which is unavoidable when implementing conventional Lagrangian methods. The use of a fixed step-size and distributed update enhances the applicability of the algorithm. The performance and effectiveness of the proposed distributed algorithm are verified via numerical studies on the IEEE 14-bus system.

关键词： dynamic economic dispatch distributed optimization discrete-time algorithm active power flow limit transmission line loss

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Research on Material and Morphological Structure of Venus Flytrap Trigger Hair

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第5期18卷 1126-1136页

作者： qian Wang Kun xu Cheng Fan Lining Sun lei Zhang Kejun Wang Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215021China Key Laboratory for Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

Venus flytrap can sense the very small insects that touch its tactile receptors,known as trigger hairs,and thus capture prey to maintain its nutrient ***,there are few studies on the trigger hair and its morphological structure and material properties are not fully *** this study,the trigger hair is systematically characterized with the help of diff erent *** show that trigger hair is a special cantilever beam structure and it has a large longitudinal diameter ***,it is composed of a hair lever and a basal podium,and there is a notch near the hair *** crosssection of the trigger hair is approximately a honeycomb structure,which is composed of many *** to measure mechanical properties of trigger hair are introduced in this *** on the mechanical tests,trigger hair proved to be a variable stiff ness structure and shows a high sensitivity to the external *** features can provide supports for the understanding of the high-sensitivity sensing mechanism of trigger hairs from the perspective of structure and material,and off er inspirations for the development of high-performance tactile sensors.

关键词： Venus flytrap Morphological structure Mechanical properties Trigger hair Bioinspiration

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Role of interfacial water in adhesion,friction,and wear--A critical review

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Friction 2021年第1期9卷 1-28页

作者： lei CHEN Linmao qian Tribology Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Traction PowerSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Surficial water adsorption and interfacial water condensation as natural phenomena that can alter the contact status of the solid interface and tribological performances are crucial in all length scales,i.e.,from earthquakes to skating at the macroscale level and even to micro/nano-electromechanical systems(M/NEMS)at the microscale/nanoscale *** water exhibits diverse structure and properties from bulk water because of its further interaction with solid *** this paper,the evolutions of the molecular configuration of the adsorbed water layer depending on solid surface chemistry(wettability)and structure,environmental conditions(i.e.,relative humidity and temperature),and experimental parameters(i.e.,sliding speed and normal load)and their impacts on tribological performances,such as adhesion,friction,and wear,are systematically *** on these factors,interfacial water can increase or reduce adhesion and friction as well as facilitate or suppress the tribochemical wear depending on the water condensation kinetics at the interface as well as the thickness and structure of the involved interfacial water.

关键词： water adsorption water condensation adhesion friction tribochemical wear

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农村地区老年艾滋病患者生存质量及影响因素调查

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中国皮肤性病学杂志 2016年第4期30卷 372-375页

作者：金艳涛袁君吴涛蒋自强许前磊郭会军王丹妮河南中医学院第一附属医院艾滋病临床研究中心河南郑州450000

目的了解农村地区老年艾滋病患者的生存质量及其影响因素。方法以艾滋病高流行地区的农村老年艾滋病患者为研究对象,使用世界卫生组织艾滋病专用生存质量简表调查其生存质量并分析影响因素。结果共有665例老年艾滋病患者纳入分析,与常... 详细信息

目的了解农村地区老年艾滋病患者的生存质量及其影响因素。方法以艾滋病高流行地区的农村老年艾滋病患者为研究对象,使用世界卫生组织艾滋病专用生存质量简表调查其生存质量并分析影响因素。结果共有665例老年艾滋病患者纳入分析,与常模比较,生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域和生存质量总得分低于常模;精神领域得分高于常模;独立性领域和环境领域得分与常模没有差别。男性在心理领域的得分高于女性;无配偶者在精神领域的得分高于有配偶者;确认HIV阳性时间短者在独立性领域的得分高于确认阳性时间长者;随着服用ART时间的延长,生理领域、独立性领域和生存质量总得分降低。结论农村地区老年艾滋病患者生存质量较低,需要得到更多的关注。

关键词：艾滋病生存质量

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Leakage performance of floating ring seal in cold/hot state for aero-engine

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第9期32卷 2085-2094页

作者： Guoqing LI qian ZHANG Enliang HUANG Zhijun lei Hongwei WU Gang xu Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China School of Engineering and Technology University of HertfordshireHatfield AL109ABUnited Kingdom

Rotating experimental investigations were carried out to study the oil sealing capability of two different floating ring seals in cold/hot state for aero-engine. High-speed Floating Ring Seal(HFRS) is a seal with the inner diameter of 83.72 mm and maximum speed of 38000 r/min, and Low-speed Floating Ring Seal(LFRS) is another seal with the inner diameter of 40.01 mm and maximum speed of 18000 r/min. In hot state, sealing air with the temperature of 371 K and oil with the temperature of 343 K was employed to model the working conditions of an aero-engine. Comparisons between floating ring seal and labyrinth seal were done to inspect the leakage *** attention was paid to the critical pressure ratio where the oil leakage began. Results show that the critical pressure ratio in cold state is obviously larger than that in hot state for both seals. An underlying sealing mechanism for floating ring seal is clarified by the fluid film, which closely associates with the dimensionless parameter of clearance over rotating diameter(2 c/Dr). Another fantastic phenomenon is that the leakage coefficient in hot state, not the leakage magnitude, is unexpectedly larger than that in cold state. Overall, the leakage performance of the floating ring seal is better than the labyrinth seal.

关键词： Aero-engine Critical pressure ratio Floating ring seal Labyrinth seal Leakage Rotating

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Effect of Fumed SiO_2 on Pore Formation Mechanism and Various Performances of β-iPP Microporous Membrane Used for Lithium-ion Battery Separator

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2018年第4期36卷 536-545页

作者： lei Ding Guan xu qian Ge Tong Wu Feng Yang Ming Xiang State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University

In this work, four samples containing different contents of fumed SiO_2 were prepared to improve the pore size distribution and various properties of b nucleated isotatic polypropylene（b-i PP） biaxial membrane used for lithium-ion battery separator. The wide-angle X-ray diffraction（WAXD） and differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） results show that the fumed SiO_2 promotes the formation of b-crystal slightly and narrows down the thickness distribution of b-lamellae; meanwhile, evenly distributed SiO_2 within b-i PP can be inspected by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Moreover, further detailed characterization of morphological evolutions during biaxial stretching by tensile testing and SEM manifests that SiO_2 can strengthen b-i PP and make the samples deform more homogeneously, resulting in a gradually elaborate and finer oriented microfibril structure after longitudinal stretching, in which more uniform defects distribute between fibrils and restrain the formation of coarse fibrils effectively. Therefore, more superior microporous structure emerges with the addition of SiO_2, accompanied by narrower pore size distribution and better connectivity between microvoids, which is confirmed by mercury porosimeter and diminished Gurley value. Moreover, the lower thermal shrinkage, decreased shrinkage rate and suppressed porosity reduction indicate that fumed SiO_2 improves thermal and dimensional stability of membrane dramatically. Furthermore, due to the excellent wettability of SiO_2 with electrolyte, the microporous membranes doped with SiO_2 have higher electrolyte uptake, even after heat treatment at elevated temperature.

关键词： β Nucleated polypropylene Fumed SiO2 Microporous membrane Pore size distribution Thermal stability and wettability

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