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我国临床药学本科生培养质量提升的多维度调研探究

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中华医学教育探索杂志 2024年第9期23卷 1232-1237页

作者：沈心瑜赵舒扬邓富华杜宜逊梅婷梁亚男哈尔滨医科大学药学院哈尔滨

目的从多个维度对影响我国临床药学本科生培养质量的因素进行调研, 总结当前培养模式中存在的问题, 提出改进建议, 以期为提升我国临床药学本科生培养质量提供参考。方法基于前期文献研究、半结构式访谈结果, 归纳出对提升我国临床药学... 详细信息

目的从多个维度对影响我国临床药学本科生培养质量的因素进行调研, 总结当前培养模式中存在的问题, 提出改进建议, 以期为提升我国临床药学本科生培养质量提供参考。方法基于前期文献研究、半结构式访谈结果, 归纳出对提升我国临床药学本科生培养质量至关重要的4个方面, 并以此设计问卷, 对临床药学在校本科生进行调研, 针对反馈得出的部分问题, 再次对全国各省市临床药师进行调研。采用SPSS 25.0进行统计学分析。结果本科生对专业认知度不足[大四及毕业年级中仍有18.28%(17/93)的学生对于本专业处于完全不了解和比较不了解的状态], 临床药学本科阶段教育缺乏专业特色[35.91%(107/298)的学生认为临床药学本科期间公共课程安排不合理或有待改进], 实习内容及时间安排不合理[34.23%(102/298)的学生认为临床药学本科期间实验及实习安排不合理或有待改进], 学习、科研创新等能力培养不到位[66.78%(199/298)的学生并未参与过科研项目或训练且对学生各种学习行为统计时σ>1]等因素均影响临床药学学生的培养和发展。结论在临床药学本科生培养体系中, 应重视专业认知与实习实践;优化课程设置, 加强专业特色;完善教学培养模式, 注重能力提升。

关键词：临床药学本科生培养质量问卷调研半结构式访谈

Study on frictional behavior of SiC_(f)/SiC composite clad tube clamping condition under nuclear irradiation

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 919-938页

作者： Chenglong XIAO Liangliang shen Tianqi ZHU Jianbo TANG Ximing XIE xinyu FAN Jian XU Zhiying REN School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Liaoning High-Performance Polymer Engineering Research CenterSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao266237China Aviation Industry Corporation of China Ltd.Beijing100028China

Silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix(SiC_(f)/SiC)composite is the key cladding material of nuclear fuel,which determines the safety and reliability of nuclear fuel storage and *** replacement of its storage and transportation scenario needs to be completed by the manipulator,but the application of SiC_(f)/SiC wear,fracture,and nuclear leakage in the snatching process of brittle-flexible-rigid contact in the irradiation environment has been seriously restricted due to unclear understanding of the damage ***,the effects of irradiation dose and clamping load on the friction characteristics of the contact interface between SiC_(f)/SiC clad tube are studied in this paper,and the effects of irradiation parameters and clamping force on the static friction coefficient of the contact interface between the clad tube and flexible nitrile are *** on the Greenwood-Williamson tribological model,a numerical model of the shape and structure of the contact micro-convex at the micro-scale of the clamping interface is constructed by introducing the multi-surface integral,and finally verified by *** research results show that there is a unique“Irradiation suppression zone”under the clamping condition of SiC_(f)/SiC cladding tube under the nuclear irradiation environment,and the growth of static friction coefficient slows down until stagnates after irradiation reaches a certain extent(600 kGy),and there will be a decline when the irradiation dose continues to increase,among which the clamping force of 15.2 N within the irradiation interval of 1,000 kGy can meet the safety of nuclear environment *** results of this paper can provide an important theoretical basis and application guidance for the safe operation of SiC_(f)/SiC cladding tubes in the storage and transportation clamping process.

关键词： SiC_(f)/SiC Clad tube nuclear irradiation conditions Greenwood-Williamson tribological model multi-surface integral

山西省火力发电行业劳动者职业健康素养现状及影响因素分析

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职业与健康 2024年第11期40卷 1468-1476页

作者：贾瑞珍郭支喜秦文彦马效东李秀萍申歆瑜山西医科大学公共卫生学院山西太原030001 山西省疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制科山西太原030012

目的了解山西省火力发电行业劳动者职业健康素养水平,掌握山西省职业健康促进工作开展情况;分析影响因素,明确优先干预领域,为开展有针对性的干预活动和进一步加强职业病防治工作提供参考依据。方法2022—2023年,按照多阶段抽样方法,使... 详细信息

目的了解山西省火力发电行业劳动者职业健康素养水平,掌握山西省职业健康促进工作开展情况;分析影响因素,明确优先干预领域,为开展有针对性的干预活动和进一步加强职业病防治工作提供参考依据。方法2022—2023年,按照多阶段抽样方法,使用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查个人问卷》(国统制[2022]10号,表号:卫健统117表)对山西省火力发电行业中2家大型企业、3家中型企业、10家小型企业的1131名一线劳动者进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果本次调查中,男性901人,女性230人,平均年龄为(40.65±8.81)岁,职业健康素养得分M(P25,P75)为89.47(80.56,97.22)分,具备基本职业健康素养的人数为872人,职业健康素养总体水平为77.10%,其中职业健康法律知识、职业健康保护基本知识、职业健康保护基本技能知识、健康工作方式和行为4个维度素养水平分别为76.39%、90.10%、46.77%和94.87%。经单因素分析结果显示,不同文化程度、实际平均月收入、户口性质、用人单位性质、用人单位规模、每周工作时间、自评健康状况、职业紧张、抑郁症状的劳动者职业健康素养水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。影响职业健康素养水平的因素有年龄(相较于18~<30岁,30~<40、≥50岁OR=2.124、2.291)、婚姻状况(相较于未婚,已婚OR=0.537)、文化程度(相较于高中及以下,大专、本科以上OR=0.537、0.440)、实际平均月收入(相较于0~<3000元,≥7000元OR=0.565)、用人单位性质(相较于国有企业,民营企业OR=0.518)、用人单位规模(相较于0~<300人,300~<1000人OR=1.978)、每周工作时间(相较于0~<40 h,≥55 h的劳动者OR=1.829)、抑郁症状(相较于无抑郁,中重度、重度抑郁OR=2.920、3.470)(均P<0.05)。结论山西省火力发电行业劳动者的总体职业健康素养水平较高,年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、实际平均月收入、用人单位规模、每周工作时间、抑郁症状均是其主要的影响因素。未来应更关注低健康素养水平人群,制定应有针对性的和个性化的健康素养教育措施和政策进一步提高职业健康素养水平。

关键词：火力发电行业职业健康素养影响因素

Tumor initiation and early tumorigenesis:molecular mechanisms and interventional targets

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2900-2935页

作者： Shaosen Zhang Xinyi Xiao Yonglin Yi xinyu Wang Lingxuan Zhu Yanrong shen Dongxin Lin Chen Wu Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College100021 BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College100021 BeijingChina Changping Laboratory 100021 BeijingChina Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhou 510060China CAMS Oxford Institute Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences100006 BeijingChina

Tumorigenesis is a multistep process,with oncogenic mutations in a normal cell conferring clonal advantage as the initial ***,despite pervasive somatic mutations and clonal expansion in normal tissues,their transformation into cancer remains a rare event,indicating the presence of additional driver events for progression to an irreversible,highly heterogeneous,and invasive ***,researchers are emphasizing the mechanisms of environmental tumor risk factors and epigenetic alterations that are profoundly influencing early clonal expansion and malignant evolution,independently of inducing ***,clonal evolution in tumorigenesis reflects a multifaceted interplay between cell-intrinsic identities and various cell-extrinsic factors that exert selective pressures to either restrain uncontrolled proliferation or allow specific clones to progress into ***,the mechanisms by which driver events induce both intrinsic cellular competency and remodel environmental stress to facilitate malignant transformation are not fully *** this review,we summarize the genetic,epigenetic,and external driver events,and their effects on the co-evolution of the transformed cells and their ecosystem during tumor initiation and early malignant evolution.A deeper understanding of the earliest molecular events holds promise for translational applications,predicting individuals at high-risk of tumor and developing strategies to intercept malignant transformation.

关键词： alterations mechanisms restrain

A justice and innovative way ahead of consumption-based emission accounting approach

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 2999-3010页

作者： Qun shen Hongbo DUAN Yun TANG Linbing TANG Li SHANG xinyu DOU Wei WEI Weiqiang CHEN Zhu LIU State Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Catalysis and Carbon Dioxide Utilization CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science&EngineeringShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China School of Economics&Management University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UnivesityBeijing 100084China

Carbon emission accounting is an important basis for global climate *** on the consumption-based accounting(CBA)method,the characteristics of carbon flow between national,regional,and product processes could be more clearly ***,CBA is more conducive to clarifying the attribution of responsibilities between producers and consumers,with the principles of fairness and *** accounting for carbon emissions in typical countries from 1990 to 2019,we found that the CBA emissions are higher than the production-based accounting(PBA)emissions in major developed countries,while the results are reversed for developing *** the past 30 years,the CBA emissions in targeted developed countries generally have shown a downward trend,while in developing countries,they have shown an upward *** emissions in China have shown a continuous growth trend from 1990 to 2019,but the pace has slowed down significantly over the last ***,the embodied carbon intensity of China’s exports continues to decline,indicating that China is providing more green and low-carbon products to the *** the PV industry as an example,this study further reveals the contribution of specific product industries to the country’s carbon transfer through product carbon footprint *** order to provide a scientific basis for global mitigation and climate governance,it is urgent to innovate a scientific,practical,and standardized CBA technology system.

关键词： Consumption-based accounting Production-based accounting Carbon transfer Carbon footprint

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NF-κB in biology and targeted therapy:new insights and translational implications

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1322-1358页

作者： Qing Guo Yizi Jin xinyu Chen Xiaomin Ye Xin shen Mingxi Lin Cheng Zeng Teng Zhou Jian Zhang Department of Medical Oncology Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterNo.270Dong'an RoadShanghai 200032China Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Renj-Med-X Stem Cell Research CenterShanghai Cancer Institute&Department of UrologyRen Ji HospitalSchool of Medicine and School of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127PR China Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University58 Zhongshan 2nd RoadGuangzhou 510080China Department of Neurology Rujin HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University Schoolof MedicineShanghaiChina

NF-κB signaling has been discovered for nearly 40 ***,NF-κB signaling was identified as a pivotal pathway in mediating inflammatory ***,with extensive and in-depth investigations,researchers have discovered that its role can be expanded to a variety of signaling mechanisms,biological processes,human diseases,and treatment *** this review,we first scrutinize the research process of NF-κB signaling,and summarize the composition,activation,and regulatory mechanism of NF-κB *** investigate the interaction of NF-κB signaling with other important pathways,including PI3K/AKT,MAPK,JAK-STAT,TGF-β,Wnt,Notch,Hedgehog,and TLR *** physiological and pathological states of NF-κB signaling,as well as its intricate involvement in inflammation,immune regulation,and tumor microenvironment,are also ***,we illustrate how NF-κB signaling is involved in a variety of human diseases,including cancers,inflammatory and autoimmune diseases,cardiovascular diseases,metabolic diseases,neurological diseases,and ***,we discuss the therapeutic approaches targeting NF-κB signaling,including IKK inhibitors,monoclonal antibodies,proteasome inhibitors,nuclear translocation inhibitors,DNA binding inhibitors,TKls,non-coding RNAs,immunotherapy,and ***,we provide an outlook for research in the field of NF-κB *** hope to present a stereoscopic,comprehensive NF-κB signaling that will inform future research and clinical practice.

关键词： PI3K/AKT diseases involvement

FGF21-mediated autophagy:Remodeling the homeostasis in response to stress in liver diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 264-274页

作者： Wei shen Modan Yang Hao Chen Chiy He Huigang Li xinyu Yang Jianyong Zhuo Zuyuan Lin Zhihang Hu Di Lu Xiao Xu Zhejiang University School of Medicine HangzhouZhejiang 310058China Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryAffiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310006China The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou HangzhouZhejiang 310006China Institute of Organ Transplantation Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310003China National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Liver Transplant HangzhouZhejiang 310003China

Liver diseases are worldwide problems closely associated with various stresses,such as endoplasmic reticulum *** exact interplay between stress and liver diseases remains *** plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis,and recent studies indicate tight crosstalk between stress and autophagy in liver *** the bal-ance between damage and autophagy is broken,autophagy can no longer resist injury or main-tain *** recent years,FGF21(fibroblast growth factor 21)-induced autophagy has attracted much ***21 is regarded as a stress hormone and can be up-regulated by an abundance of signaling pathways in response to ***,increased FGF21 activates autophagy by a complicated signaling network in which mTOR plays a pivotal *** review summarizes the mechanism of FGF21-mediated autophagy and its derived application in the defense of stress in liver diseases and offers a glimpse into its promising prospect in future clinical practice.

关键词： Autophagy Fibroblast growth factor 21 Liver diseases mTOR Stress

Dynamic emission characteristics and control strategies of air pollutants from motor vehicles in downtown Beijing,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 637-646页

作者： Yan shen Tongran Wu Aiping Lian Jie Gao Fei Peng Guohua Song Xuefang Wu Yangyang Cui xinyu Liu Yunfei Wan Jing Yan Yifeng Xue National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental ProtectionBeijing 100037China Beijing Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau Beijing 100048China Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100091China

This study combined the real-time monitoring and investigation of traffic flows to comprehensively analyze the road traffic flow and vehicle structure in downtown Beijing.A dynamic emission inventory of motor vehicle air pollutants in downtown Beijing in 2021 was established,and the impact of these emissions on air quality was simulated and quantified,and different emission reduction control scenarios were proposed to evaluate their environmental improvement effects and explore measures to mitigate the impact of pollution *** results show that the high traffic flow and the structure of the motor vehicle emissions in downtown Beijing are the main causes of severe motor vehicle *** data shows that traffic flow in central Beijing is dominated by small passenger vehicles,while the vehicle mix is better than in other regions,with 72.0%of vehicles meeting"National V"or higher emission ***,to achieve higher air quality goals,further reducing vehicle emissions is *** on dynamic traffic flow,the average daily emissions of nitrogen oxides(NOX),particulate matters(PM_(2.5))and volatile organic compounds(VOC)from motor vehicles in central Beijing are 17.7 tons,0.6 tons and 14.0 tons,respectively,accounting for 23.0%of the city’s average daily motor vehicle *** a zero-emission zone for motor vehicles were implemented in central Beijing,the annual average emission level of pollutants will be reduced by 10.4%to 21.0%.The designation of ultra-low emission zones for motor vehicles could be effective in improving the air quality in the center of Beijing.

关键词： Motor vehicle Air pollutant Emission characteristics Control strategy Beijing

RAD51B-AS1 promotes the malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer through upregulation of RAD51B

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第7期25卷 581-593页

作者： Xinyi WEI Conghui WANG Sangsang TANG Qian YANG Zhangjin shen Jiawei ZHU Xiaodong CHENG xinyu WANG Xing XIE Junfen XU Weiguo LU Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province Women�s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006China Department of Gynecologic Oncology Women�s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006China Cancer Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology Hangzhou 310006China

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play an indispensable role in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer(OC).However,the potential involvement of lncRNAs in the progression of OC is largely *** investigate the detailed roles and mechanisms of RAD51 homolog B-antisense 1(RAD51B-AS1),a novel lncRNA in OC,reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was performed to verify the expression of *** proliferation,metastasis,and apoptosis were detected using the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8),colony-formation,transwell,and flow cytometry *** xenograft models were established for the detection of *** results revealed that RAD51B-AS1 was significantly upregulated in a highly metastatic human OC cell line and OC ***51B-AS1 significantly increased the proliferation and metastasis of OC cells and enhanced their resistance to *** prediction analysis revealed that the only target gene of RAD51B-AS1 was *** gene function experiments revealed that RAD51B exerts the same biological effects as *** experiments demonstrated that the malignant biological behaviors promoted by RAD51B-AS1 overexpression were partially or completely reversed by RAD51B silencing in vitro and in ***,RAD51B-AS1 promotes the malignant biological behaviors of OC and activates the protein kinase B(Akt)/B cell lymphoma protein-2(Bcl-2)signaling pathway,and these effects may be associated with the positive regulation of RAD51B ***51B-AS1 is expected to serve as a novel molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of poor prognosis in OC,and as a potential therapeutic target for disease management.

关键词： Ovarian cancer(OC) Long non-coding RNA(LncRNA) Metastasis Anoikis