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Viable but nonculturable bacteria and their resuscitation:implications for cultivating uncultured marine microorganisms

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2021年第2期3卷 189-203页

作者： xiao-Hua Zhang Waqar Ahmad xiao-yu zhu Jixiang Chen Brian Austin College of Marine Life Sciences and Institute of Evolution&Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266003China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao266071China School of Petrochemical Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Institute of Aquaculture University of StirlingStirlingFK94LAScotlandUK

Culturing has been the cornerstone of microbiology since Robert Koch first successfully cultured bacteria in the late nineteenth century. However, even today, the majority of microorganisms in the marine environment remain uncultivated. There are various explanations for the inability to culture bacteria in the laboratory, including lack of essential nutrients, osmotic support or incubation conditions, low growth rate, development of micro-colonies, and the presence of senescent or viable but nonculturable (VBNC) cells. In the marine environment, many bacteria have been associated with dormancy, as typified by the VBNC state. VBNC refers to a state where bacteria are metabolically active, but are no longer culturable on routine growth media. It is apparently a unique survival strategy that has been adopted by many microorganisms in response to harsh environmental conditions and the bacterial cells in the VBNC state may regain culturability under favorable conditions. The resuscitation of VBNC cells may well be an important way to cultivate the otherwise uncultured microorganisms in marine environments. Many resuscitation stimuli that promote the restoration of culturability have so far been identified;these include sodium pyruvate, quorum sensing autoinducers, resuscitation-promoting factors Rpfs and YeaZ, and catalase. In this review, we focus on the issues associated with bacterial culturability, the diversity of bacteria entering the VBNC state, mechanisms of induction into the VBNC state, resuscitation factors of VBNC cells and implications of VBNC resuscitation stimuli for cultivating these otherwise uncultured microorganisms. Bringing important microorganisms into culture is still important in the era of high-throughput sequencing as their ecological functions in the marine environment can often only be known through isolation and cultivation.

关键词： VBNC Cultivating the uncultured Resuscitation Marine microorganisms

Oxidation of Difluorocarbene by Pyridine N-Oxide and Ensuing Access to Carbamoyl Fluorides

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第22期41卷 2981-2987页

作者： Hai-Jun Tang Xue-Min Shi xiao-yu zhu Cheng-Qiang Wang Chao Feng Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry(TiF) Institute of Advanced Synthesis(iAs)State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Moiecular EngineeringNanjing TechUniversity30 South Puzhu RoadNanjingJiangsu211816China

A practical one-pot preparation of carbamoyl fluorides from easily obtained pyridine N-oxide,commercially available secondary amines and synthetically versatile difluorocarbene precursors(Ruppert-Prakash reagent or Chen's reagent)was developed herein,which dexterously resorted to the oxidation of difluorocarbene by external pyridine N-oxide to produce the toxic and gaseous fluorophosgene in *** features of this method include nice functionality tolerance,late-stage modification of drug molecules and the recoveryand recycle of quinoline.

关键词： Difluorocarbene Pyridine N-oxide Fluorophosgene Carbamoyl fluorides Amines Fluorine

Smoking and the risk of dry eye: a Meta-analysis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第10期9卷 1480-1486页

作者： Li Xu Wei Zhang xiao-yu zhu Tao Suo Xian-Qun Fan Yao Fu Department of Ophthalmology Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of Health Statistics and Social Medicine School of Public HealthFudan University Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science EyeEarNose and Throat HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University Department of General Surgery Zhongshan HospitalInstitute of General SurgeryFudan University

AIM： To collect the evidence to estimate the correlation between smoking and the incidence of dry eye. METHODS： The Pub Med,EMBASE,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials（CENTRAL,last issue）,CBM（Chinese Bio Medical Literature Database）,and CNKI（China National Knowledge Infrastructure/Chinese Academic Journals full-text Database） were searched for eligible studies published from January1964 to December 2015 to investigate the association of smoking with the risk of dry *** odds ratio（OR）and 95% confidence interval（CI） were summarized and *** extracted studies were pooled by the fixed-effects model or a random-effects model. RESULTS： Two cohort studies and eight cross-sectional surveys were included in our *** was no statistically significant relationship between current（OR=1.32; 95% CI： 0.99-1.76; P=0.055）or ever smoking（OR=1.12; 95% CI： 0.98-1.28; P=0.107）and the risk of dry eye among the studies,even when age and gender were adjusted（OR=1.16; 95% CI： 0.83-1.64; P=0.383）.In the sensitivity analysis in which only general population were included,the association was significant between smoking and dry eye（OR=1.50; 95%CI： 1.08-2.09; P=0.016）.CONCLUSION： This Meta-analysis suggests that smoking may associate with the risk of dry eye in general population.

关键词： dry eye smoking Meta-analysis

Fingolimod protects against neurovascular unit injury in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 869-874页

作者： xiao-yu zhu Ting-Ting Ma Yang Li Ming-Qi Zhang Liang Zhao Jia Liang Lian-Qiu Min Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoning ProvinceChina Institution of Life Science Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoning ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoning ProvinceChina

Recent research on the underlying mechanisms of cerebral ischemia indicates that the neurovascular unit can be used as a novel subject for general surveys of neuronal damage and protein ***(FTY-720)is a newly developed immunosuppressant isolated from Cordyceps sinensis that exhibits a wide range of biological activities,and has recently attracted much attention for the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular *** the current research,the role of FTY-720 and its possible mechanisms were assessed from an neurovascular unit perspective using a rat cerebral ischemia *** results revealed that FTY-720 markedly decreased infarct volume,promoted neurological function recovery,and weakened the blood-brain barrier permeability of ischemic *** protective roles of FTY-720 in ischemic stroke are ascribed to a combination of sphingosin-1-phosphate receptor-1 and reduced expression of sphingosin-1-phosphate receptor-1 in microvessels and reduction of interleukin-17A protein *** findings indicate that FTY-720 has promise as a new therapy for neurovascular protection and functional recovery after ischemic stroke.

关键词： astrocyte blood-brain barrier claudin-5 FTY-720 interleukin-17A ischemic stroke neural protection neurovascular unit occludin sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1

Fast achievement of quantum state transfer and distributed quantum entanglement by dressed states

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第5期29卷 107-118页

作者： Liang Tian Li-Li Sun xiao-yu zhu Xue-Ke Song Lei-Lei Yan Er-Jun Liang Shi-Lei Su Mang Feng School of Physics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China College of Physics Tonghua Normal UniversityTonghua 134000China College of Science Henan University of EngineeringZhengzhou 451191China School of Physics and Material Science Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

We propose schemes to realize quantum state transfer and prepare quantum entanglement in coupled cavity and cavity-fiber-cavity systems,respectively,by using the dressed state *** first give the expression of pulses shape by using dressed states and then find a group of Gaussian pulses that are easy to realize in experiment to replace the ideal pulses by curve *** also study the influence of some parameters fluctuation,atomic spontaneous emission,and photon leakage on *** results show that our schemes have good *** the atoms are trapped in different cavities,it is easy to perform different operations on different *** proposed schemes have the potential applications in dressed states for distributed quantum information processing tasks.

关键词： quantum state transfer dressed state method distributed quantum information processing

Antiviral effect of polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis(PSP) on HSV-2 in vitro

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Journal of Microbiology and Immunology 2006年第2期4卷 146-152页

作者： HONG yu xiao zhu WEN QING ZHANG RUI Lü Department of Microbiology College of Medicine Qingdao University Qingdao P. R. China

To explore the antiviral effect and mechanism of polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis （PSP） on herpes simplex virus type 2 （HSV-2）, a standard strain of HSV-2 （333 strain） was used to investigate the antiviral effect of PSP in vitro. PSP in various concentrations was applied to different stages of HSV-2 replication cycle. Finally, the virus infectivity （TCID50）, cytopathic effect （CPE）, and MTT staining method for viable cells （MTT assay） were used as markers to evaluate the effect of PSP on HSV-2. The quantity of HSV-DNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （FQ-PCR）. The HSV-2 infected Vero cell tdtrastructures were observed by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results showed that PSP had little cytotoxic effect on Vero cells, it could not directly inactivate HSV-2 infectivity. PSP not only interfered in adsorption of HSV-2 to Vero cells but also inhibited HSV-2 biosynthesis in the ceils. FQ-PCR results showed that the inhibitory rate on HSV- DNA also increased in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. TEM also confirmed that PSP exhibited pronounced inhibitory effect on HSV-2. In conclusion, the antiviral effect of PSP on HSV-2 may be attributed to the inhibition of virus adsorption, virus replication and synthesis in cells.

关键词： Polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis (PSP) HSV-2 FQ-PCR TEM

TCM syndrome types and the related factors in 145 cases of renal cell carcinoma

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TMR Integrative Medicine 2019年第22期3卷 1-10页

作者： Dong Wang yu Gao xiao-yu zhu Jia Zhang Xi-Xing Wang Shanxi Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Taiyuan030012China Shanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Taiyuan030012China China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing100000China.

Background:To analyze the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes and the related factors in patients with renal cell carcinoma,and to provide further guidance for the relapse prevention and combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in postoperative renal cancer ***:A retrospective survey was conducted to establish a postoperative clinical symptom assessment scale for patients with renal cell *** distribution of TCM syndromes in 145 patients with renal cell carcinoma was analyzed *** logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between different TCM syndromes and risk ***:The postoperative TCM syndromes of patients with cell carcinoma were mainly spleen-kidney deficiency(38.6%),liver-kidney Yin deficiency(15.9%),spleen-kidney Yang deficiency(13.1%),and damp-heat pouring downward(9.7%).The incidence of severe spleen-kidney Qi deficiency syndrome and spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome was statistically different from that of liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome(P<0.05).The history of drinking and body mass index≥24 kg/m2 were risk factors for spleen-kidney Qi deficiency syndrome;the history of hypertension was a protective factor for liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome after renal cancer surgery;male was a protective factor for patients with renal cancer who had damp-heat pouring downward syndrome;smoking history and drinking history were risk factors for damp-heat pouring downward;age was a protective factor for spleen-kidney Yang deficiency after renal cancer ***:This study found that spleen-kidney Qi deficiency syndrome,liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome,spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome,dampness and heat injection syndrome were the common TCM syndrome types after renal cell carcinoma *** was a correlation between the TCM syndromes of renal cell carcinoma and the risk factors such as drinking history,overweight and obesity,smok

关键词： Renal cell carcinoma TCM syndrome Constitution Risk factors Correlation study

Vertical transmission of the Yq AZFc microdeletion from father to son over two or three generations in infertile Han Chinese families

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第2期12卷 240-246页

作者： xiao-Bin zhu yu-Lin Liu Wei Zhang Ping Ping xiao-Rong Cao Yong Liu Yi-Ran Huang Zheng Li Shanghai Human Sperm Bank Renji Hospital Shanghai Institute of Andrology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School ofMedicine Shanghai 200001 China

This study was carried out to analyze the vertical transmission of Yq AZFc microdeletions from father to son in infertile Han Chinese families to investigate genetic factors and family background affecting fertility *** peripheral blood of infertile males in 19 Han families was extracted and screened with modified multiplex polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Family trees were drawn according to fertility status and clinical characteristics of the subjects. The vertical transmission of Yq AZFc microdeletions was detected in six cases of 19 investigated families （31.6%,6/19）. Although both fathers and sons showed a similar type of Yq AZFc deletion,the fathers were fertile,whereas the sons were infertile and showed severe oligozoospermia. The vertical transmission of Yq AZFc microdeletion from fertile fathers to infertile sons over generations is not rare. This has different effects on fertility status in fathers and sons in Han Chinese families. Both genetic factors and family background affect spermatogenetic phenotypes.

关键词： infertility microdeletion vertical transmission Y chromosome

The protecting effects and mechanism of betaine hydrochloride on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

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沈阳药科大学学报 2008年第S1期25卷 117-118页

作者： XIN xiao-ming,MA Lian-long,GAO Yong-feng,WANG Hao,WANG xiao-dan,zhu yu-yun,GAO yun-sheng(Taishan Medical College,Taian 271016,China)

Objective To study the protecting effects and mechanism of betaine hydrochloride on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in *** Fourty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups(8 animals in each group):sham-operated control group(A),hepatic ischemia-reperfusion group(B),200 mg·kg-1 400 mg·kg-1 800 mg·kg-1 betaine hydrochloride+hepatic ischemia-reperfusion group(C、D、E).betaine hydrochloride was administered to animals byoral route in group C、D、E for 7 days before ischemia.A、B group was administered with *** the animal model of part hepatic *** alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)levels in the blood and themalondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),protein content in hepatic tissue were determined after the liver had been reperfused for 24 hours;the hepatic tissue was examined under lightmicroscope and the cell apoptosis was demonstrated with flow *** ALT,AST,MDA increased and SOD decreased significantly in B group when compared those in the A group(P<0.05),Hepatic apoptosis was significantly increased;ALT,AST,MDA decreased and SOD increased significantly in betaine hydrochloride 200 mg·kg-1(C)group when compared those in the B group(P<0.05).Hepatic apoptosis was significantly lower,The histologic changes of the liver tissue under lightmicroscope in the C group was more easer than in the I/R group(B).Conclusions Betaine hydrochloride has the ability to scavenge oxygen free radical(OFR),reduce lipid peroxidation and inhibition of *** it can protect the rats liver damaged by ischemia-reperfusion.

关键词： betaine hydrochloride hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury protecting effects mechanism