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The occurrence,inheritance,and segregation of complex genomic structural variation in synthetic Brassica napus

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 515-528页

作者： Dandan Hu Jin Lu Wenwen Li Yinghui yang Junxiong Xu Han Qin Hao Wang yan Niu Huaiqi Zhang Qingqing Liu xiangxiang He Annaliese S.Mason JChris Pires Zhiyong Xiong Jun Zou National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002HenanChina Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010070Inner MongoliaChina Plant Breeding Department University of BonnBonn 53115Germany Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA

"Synthetic"allopolyploids recreated by interspecific hybridization play an important role in providing novel genomic variation for crop improvement.Such synthetic allopolyploids often undergo rapid genomic structural variation(SV).However,how such SV arises,is inherited and fixed,and how it affects important traits,has rarely been comprehensively and quantitively studied in advanced generation synthetic lines.A better understanding of these processes will aid breeders in knowing how to best utilize synthetic allopolyploids in breeding programs.Here,we analyzed three genetic mapping populations(735 DH lines)derived from crosses between advanced synthetic and conventional Brassica napus(rapeseed)lines,using whole-genome sequencing to determine genome composition.We observed high tolerance of large structural variants,particularly toward the telomeres,and preferential selection for balanced homoeologous exchanges(duplication/deletion events between the A and C genomes resulting in retention of gene/chromosome dosage between homoeologous chromosome pairs),including stable events involving whole chromosomes("pseudoeuploidy").Given the experimental design(all three populations shared a common parent),we were able to observe that parental SV was regularly inherited,showed genetic hitchhiking effects on segregation,and was one of the major factors inducing adjacent novel and larger SV.Surprisingly,novel SV occurred at low frequencies with no significant impacts on observed fertility and yield-related traits in the advanced generation synthetic lines.However,incorporating genome-wide SV in linkage mapping explained significantly more genetic variance for traits.Our results provide a framework for detecting and understanding the occurrence and inheritance of genomic SV in breeding programs,and support the use of synthetic parents as an important source of novel trait variation.

关键词： Allopolyploid Large Genome structural variation Linkage mapping Synthetic polyploids Inheritance and segregation

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不同注气成分置驱瓦斯效果数值模拟研究

工矿自动化 2024年第4期50卷 112-120页

作者：徐小马燕湘湘黄姝羽河南工业和信息化职业学院河南焦作454000 中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院北京100083

注气促抽瓦斯的注气成分主要有N_(2),CO_(2)和空气,但目前针对不同注入成分的置驱效果对比研究较少。针对该问题,建立了考虑裂隙气体渗流和基质孔隙气体扩散的注气成分置驱瓦斯数学模型,在对该模型验证的基础上,模拟注入气体置驱煤样瓦... 详细信息

注气促抽瓦斯的注气成分主要有N_(2),CO_(2)和空气,但目前针对不同注入成分的置驱效果对比研究较少。针对该问题,建立了考虑裂隙气体渗流和基质孔隙气体扩散的注气成分置驱瓦斯数学模型,在对该模型验证的基础上,模拟注入气体置驱煤样瓦斯气体过程,并对比研究相同注气压力和煤体渗透率条件下不同注气成分(N_(2),CO_(2)和空气)对瓦斯的置驱效果。结果表明:①相同注气时间下,从注气端到排气端,注入气体的体积分数逐渐降低,在注气端附近注入气体的体积分数最高;瓦斯体积分数逐渐增加,在排气端附近瓦斯体积分数最高;随着注气时间增加,注入气体的体积分数增加区域逐渐向排气端移动直至覆盖整个煤样,瓦斯体积分数降低区域也逐渐向排气端移动直至覆盖整个煤样,表明煤样中的瓦斯逐渐被置换出来,进而被驱替出整个煤样。②在相同注气时间内,从注气端到排气端,N_(2),CO_(2)和空气3种注入气体体积分数和瓦斯体积分数具有相似的变化规律,即从注气端到排气端,注入气体体积分数逐渐降低、瓦斯体积分数逐渐升高,随着注气时间增加,注入气体的体积分数增高区域增加。相同注气时间、煤样相同位置处注入气体的体积分数和瓦斯体积分数互补,即相加为100%。③3种注入气体对瓦斯的置驱效果排序为CO_(2)>空气>N_(2)。④对排气端气体的体积分数分析可知,排气端气体的体积分数随时间变化可分为突破阶段、平衡进行阶段和置驱完成阶段。不同注入气体3个阶段持续时间不同,注入N_(2)突破时间和置驱完成时间分别为30,90 min;注入CO_(2)突破时间和置驱完成时间分别为20,80 min;注入空气突破时间和置驱完成时间分别为28,87 min。⑤在现场应用时,应根据具体煤层的吸附解吸能力、煤层自燃特性等选择合适的注入气体。

关键词：瓦斯抽采注气抽采注气成分置驱瓦斯置驱效果注气端排气端

一类复杂工业过程的数据驱动与PID协调控制

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控制工程 2024年第2期31卷 238-243页

作者：颜克甲于海生孟祥祥青岛大学自动化学院山东青岛266071 青岛大学山东省工业控制技术重点实验室山东青岛266071

针对一类具有强非线性且难以建立精确数学模型的复杂工业过程,提出了一种基于PID与数据驱动的协调控制策略。在系统初始阶段,采用PID控制方法,不需要建立系统的数学模型,就能获得大量系统输入输出(I/O)数据。在系统稳态阶段,提出了多输... 详细信息

针对一类具有强非线性且难以建立精确数学模型的复杂工业过程,提出了一种基于PID与数据驱动的协调控制策略。在系统初始阶段,采用PID控制方法,不需要建立系统的数学模型,就能获得大量系统输入输出(I/O)数据。在系统稳态阶段,提出了多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)无模型自适应离散终端滑模控制(model-free adaptive discrete terminal sliding mode control,MFA-DTSMC)方法,该方法基于系统的紧格式动态线性化数据模型,且伪Jacobian矩阵(pseudo-Jacobian matrix,PJM)估计算法仅取决于被控对象的I/O测量数据。其次,设计了一种协调控制策略,实现了PID与数据驱动控制器之间的协调控制。以双容水箱液位系统为例进行仿真实验,仿真结果验证了所提控制策略的有效性。

关键词：工业过程数据驱动协调控制 PID 双容水箱液位系统

基于扰动观测器的双容液位系统RBF神经网络滑模控制

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控制工程 2024年第5期31卷 954-960页

作者：张克于海生孟祥祥颜克甲青岛大学自动化学院山东青岛266071 山东省工业控制技术重点实验室山东青岛266071

针对双容液位系统存在的外部扰动、模型参数不确定等问题,设计了一种基于非线性扰动观测器(nonlinear disturbance observer,NDOB)的径向基函数神经网络滑模控制(radial basis function neural network sliding mode control,RNNSMC)方法。建立双容液位系统数学模型,采用积分型滑模面来提高系统的鲁棒性,在常规积分滑模控制的基础上,通过RBF神经网络(RBF neural network,RNN)对系统的非线性函数进行逼近,并设计非线性扰动观测器估计外部扰动,选用Lyapunov稳定性判据证明了控制策略的闭环稳定性。仿真结果表明,所提控制策略与积分滑模控制(integral sliding mode control,ISMC)方法相比,不需要精确的数学模型,且控制精度更高,抗干扰能力更强。

关键词： RBF神经网络滑模控制双容液位系统非线性扰动观测器外部扰动

Measurement of Martian atmospheric winds by the O_(2) 1.27 μm airglow observations using Doppler Michelson Interferometry: A concept study

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第11期64卷 2027-2042页

作者： Na yanG Chunliang XIA Tao YU Xiaomin ZUO yangyi SUN xiangxiang yan Jian ZHANG Jin WANG Huijun LE Libo LIU William Edmund WARD Hubei Subsurface Multi-scale Imaging Key Laboratory Institute of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Institutions of Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Mohe Observatory of Geophysics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Physics University of New BrunswickNew BrunswickFredericton E3B 5A3Canada

China’s Mars exploration mission has stimulated tremendous interest in planetary science exploration recently.To propose potential scientific research projects,this study presents a concept simulation for the measurement of Martian atmospheric winds using the Doppler Michelson interferometry technique.The simulation is based on the satellite instrument initially designed for the Dynamic Atmosphere Mars Observer(DYNAMO)project to measure vertical profiles of winds from the 1.27μm airglow observations in the Martian atmosphere.A comprehensive DYNAMO measurement simulation forward model based on an orbit submodel,an atmospheric background field submodel,and an instrument submodel is developed using the Michelson equation.The simulated interferogram signal over the field of view(FOV)calculated by the forward model is associated with the filter transmittance function,column emission rate of airglow,wind velocity,temperature,and the Michelson phase.The agreement between the derived atmospheric signals from the simulated interferogram without altitude inversion and the input parameters used to initiate the forward model confirms the validity of the forward model.

关键词： Martian atmospheric wind Doppler Michelson interferometer 1.27μm airglow

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长江中上游重要渔业水域环境质量评估

淡水渔业 2024年第2期54卷 23-33页

作者：吴凡魏念高立方张燕茹辉军吴湘香倪朝辉李云峰中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所/国家农业科学重庆观测实验站武汉430223 湖北省水产科学研究所武汉430208

为准确评估长江中上游重要渔业水域水环境质量现状及变化趋势,提高水质评价效率,本研究基于11个水质参数,采用水质指数法(water quality index,WQI)对2006-2021年长江中上游三个重要渔业水域水质进行了综合评价,建立WQI min综合评价模... 详细信息

为准确评估长江中上游重要渔业水域水环境质量现状及变化趋势,提高水质评价效率,本研究基于11个水质参数,采用水质指数法(water quality index,WQI)对2006-2021年长江中上游三个重要渔业水域水质进行了综合评价,建立WQI min综合评价模型。结果显示:(1)长江中上游重要渔业水域的水温和高锰酸盐指数呈上升趋势;基于地表水环境质量标准(GB38338-2002),单因素水质评价结果表明监测水域内整体水质处于地表水Ⅴ类水标准,部分年份达劣Ⅴ类,主要污染指标为总氮。(2)通过综合评价方法分析,长江中上游重要渔业水域整体为“良”;2006~2021年长江中上游重要渔业水域水质质量呈逐年改善的趋势,且上游保护区的改善较大。(3)基于WQI方法,确定了长江中上游重要渔业水域的关键水质参数为:总氮、高锰酸盐指数、汞、溶解氧、氨氮、悬浮物以及水温,分别构建了上游保护区、中华鲟保护区以及四大家鱼保护区的WQI_(min)模型;考虑权重和不考虑权重的WQI min模型对比分析表明,考虑权重的WQI min模型的水质评价结果更加准确,该方法可有效评估长江中上游重要渔业水域的水质变化特征并可扩展用于其他水域。

关键词：长江中上游重要渔业水域水质指数法 WQI min模型水质评价

A rare case of giant panda cancer:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2022年第6期5卷 582-586页

作者： Yunsheng Wang Maohua Xia xiangxiang Li Xinxin Guo yan Lu Sufen Zhao Tianchun Pu Wildlife Pathological diagnosis Laboratory Department of Veterinary HospitalBeijing ZooBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technologies Beijing ZooBeijingChina Wildlife Clinical Laboratory Department of Veterinary HospitalBeijing ZooBeijingChina

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly malignant cancer of the digestive system common among humans.However,it is rarely reported in wild animals.In 2018,a giant panda died in the Beijing Zoo.During subsequent histological observation of the pancreas,it was discovered that the glandular epithelial cells had lost the pancreatic acinar structure,tubular areas with obvious structure in the pancreas,and the ductal epithelium was substituted by high columnar mucus cells.Masson staining showed that there were several fibrous tissue proliferative reactions around the ductal adenocarcinoma and immunohistochemical staining revealed that CK7 and CK19 were positively expressed in the pancreatic tissue.Therefore,the pathological diagnosis indicated that the panda had PDAC.In this paper,the panda’s living conditions and pathological diagnosis results are examined,with the aim of providing a reference point for the future diagnosis of wild animal tumors.

关键词： giant panda pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) the pathological diagnosis of wild animals

基于网络药理学和实验验证探讨雷公藤治疗黑色素瘤的作用机制

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现代药物与临床 2024年第1期39卷 34-40页

作者：江婷婷赵文文武香香朱红磊曾华辉闫敏朱鑫河南中医药大学药学院河南郑州450046 河南中医药大学中医药科学院河南郑州450046 河南中医药大学信息技术学院河南郑州450046

目的通过网络药理学和实验验证方法探讨雷公藤治疗黑色素瘤的活性成分、作用靶点及信号通路,分析雷公藤对黑色素瘤的作用机制。方法通过TCMSP数据库检索雷公藤的有效成分及靶点,借助GeneCards、OMIM数据库获取中药与疾病的交集靶点。... 详细信息

目的通过网络药理学和实验验证方法探讨雷公藤治疗黑色素瘤的活性成分、作用靶点及信号通路,分析雷公藤对黑色素瘤的作用机制。方法通过TCMSP数据库检索雷公藤的有效成分及靶点,借助GeneCards、OMIM数据库获取中药与疾病的交集靶点。采用Cytoscape 3.7.1进行拓扑分析,构建“药物活性成分–疾病靶点”网络图。运用String平台构建共同靶点蛋白相互作用(PPI)网络和条形图,筛选出核心靶点。进行靶点基因富集分析,完成核心靶标与成分的分子对接。利用CCK-8及q PCR方法验证核心单体成分对黑色素瘤及治疗靶点的作用。结果雷公藤有效成分51个,其中最优成分是雷公藤甲素、山柰酚。雷公藤甲素对黑色素瘤细胞具有明显抑制作用,且显著降低核心治疗靶点蛋白激酶B1(Akt1)、血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)的mRNA表达(P<0.01、0.001)。结论雷公藤治疗黑色素瘤具有多靶点、多通路的特点,其中雷公藤甲素是其核心药用成分,该研究为雷公藤抗黑色素瘤提供了实验依据。

关键词：雷公藤黑色素瘤网络药理学分子对接雷公藤甲素山柰酚蛋白激酶B1 血管内皮生长因子A

A mini-review on pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rb3,a marked saponin from Panax genus

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BIOCELL 2022年第6期46卷 1417-1423页

作者： WEI LI YUEyanG DUAN XIAOTONG yan xiangxiang LIU MEILING FAN ZI WANG College of Chinese Medicinal Materials Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun130118China National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development Changchun130118China Maternity Diagnosis&Treatment Center The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun130021China

Ginsenoside Rb3(G-Rb3)is one of the primary active compounds isolated from Panax ginseng Meyer,which belongs to protopanaxadiol ginsenosides(PPD).Based on the structure-activity relationship(SAR)of ginsenosides,the pentose structure of G-Rb3 limited itself to possess more pharmacological activity to a certain extent.However,pharmacokinetics show that G-Rb3 is processed through deglycosylation in the intestinal tract and converted into more active rare saponins,such as Compound K,F2,etc.A series of studies focused on neuroprotection and the cardiovascular system demonstrating its therapeutic potentials,which was achieved by diminishing oxidative stress and apoptosis.Therefore,more systematic and in-depth studies are needed to complete the pharmaceutical value and to promote its clinical applications.This article highlights the multiple pharmacological effects and mechanisms of G-Rb3 and prospects for its development.

关键词： Ginsenoside Rb3 Pharmacological effects Review Signaling pathway