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科学通报 2024年第4期69卷 489-498页

作者：崔可罗非王锦琰中国科学院心理健康重点实验室(中国科学院心理研究所) 北京100101 中国科学院大学心理学系北京100049

自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorders,ASD)是一种复杂的神经发育疾病,其典型特征是社交障碍、限制和重复的行为和兴趣.此外,ASD个体往往表现出感知功能的非典型性(如感觉超敏感或低敏感).先前的知觉理论只能部分解释ASD个体与典... 详细信息

自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorders,ASD)是一种复杂的神经发育疾病,其典型特征是社交障碍、限制和重复的行为和兴趣.此外,ASD个体往往表现出感知功能的非典型性(如感觉超敏感或低敏感).先前的知觉理论只能部分解释ASD个体与典型发育个体(typically developing,TD)之间的差异.Pellicano和Burr提出了贝叶斯预测模型,通过贝叶斯计算建模和预测编码理论将感知过程概念化,从新的角度去理解这种差异.该模型描述了感觉自下而上和认知自上而下的过程如何共同作用,并以不同的方式塑造了ASD的感知.本文对贝叶斯模型进行了全面的回顾,其中最突出的两个理论是“弱先验假设”和“ASD预测误差高且不灵活精度的假设”(HIPPEA).我们从高级的社会认知功能上和不同的感觉通道角度上检验了这些理论.结果显示,目前支持贝叶斯预测理论的证据是混合的,有的研究支持ASD个体的先验不足或在不断变化的环境中调整这些预测的灵活性较差,也有的研究指出ASD个体能够学习预测,拥有完整的预测能力,贝叶斯先验的整合上没有差异,还有一些研究在行为与神经影像学发现不一致.尽管贝叶斯ASD理论很有前途,可以帮助我们更好地理解ASD患者的非典型感知觉,但它在实证方面还面临着挑战.基于此,我们提出了现有研究的局限和未来发展的建议.总之,贝叶斯预测模型自提出以来,已经得到了有效应用和不断的验证.然而,该理论仍然是一个不断发展的概念,未来还需要大量的研究来更新和改进.

关键词：贝叶斯模型预测自闭症谱系障碍弱先验预测误差

Safety, immunogenicity and protective effectiveness of heterologous boost with a recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (Sf9 cells) in adult recipients of inactivated vaccines

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1165-1173页

作者： Wenxin luo Jiadi Gan Zhu luo Shuangqing Li Zhoufeng Wang Jiaxuan Wu Huohuo Zhang Jinghong xian Ruixin Cheng Xiumei Tang Yi Liu Ling Yang Qianqian Mou Xue Zhang Yi Chen Weiwen Wang Yantong Wang Lin Bai Xuan Wei Rui Zhang Lan Yang Yaxin Chen Li Yang Yalun Li Dan Liu Weimin Li Lei Chen Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Institute of Respiratory Health Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Precision Medicine Center Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina State key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity West China HospitalChengduChina Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Clinical Trial Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina General Practice Medical Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Fangcao Community Health Service Center of Chengdu High-tech Zone ChengduChina The Research Units of West China Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesWest China HospitalChengduChina West China School of Nursing Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Infection Control West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Pathology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Neurology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina

Vaccines have proven effective in protecting populations against COVID-19,including the recombinant COVID-19 vaccine(Sf9 cells),the first approved recombinant protein vaccine in *** this positive-controlled trial with 85 adult participants(Sf9 cells group:n=44;CoronaVac group:n=41),we evaluated the safety,immunogenicity,and protective effectiveness of a heterologous boost with the Sf9 cells vaccine in adults who had been vaccinated with the inactivated vaccine,and found a post-booster adverse events rate of 20.45%in the Sf9 cells group and 31.71%in the CoronaVac group(p=0.279),within 28 days after booster *** group reported any severe adverse *** the Sf9 cells vaccine booster,the geometric mean titer(GMT)of binding antibodies to the receptor-binding domain of prototype SARS-CoV-2 on day 28 post-booster was significantly higher than that induced by the CoronaVac vaccine booster(100,683.37 vs.9,451.69,p<0.001).In the Sf9 cells group,GMTs of neutralizing antibodies against pseudo SARS-CoV-2 viruses(prototype and diverse variants of concern[VOCs])increased by 22.23–75.93 folds from baseline to day 28 post-booster,while the CoronaVac group showed increases of only 3.29–10.70 ***,neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 viruses(prototype and diverse VOCs)increased by 68.18–192.67 folds on day 14 post-booster compared with the baseline level,significantly greater than the CoronaVac group(19.67–37.67 folds).A more robust Th1 cellular response was observed with the Sf9 cells booster on day 14 post-booster(mean IFN-γ+spot-forming cells per 2×105 peripheral blood mononuclear cells:26.66 vs.13.59).Protective effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 was approximately twice as high in the Sf9 cells group compared to the CoronaVac group(68.18%vs.36.59%,p=0.004).Our study findings support the high protective effectiveness of heterologous boosting with the recombinant COVID-19 vaccine(Sf9 cells)against symptomatic COVID-19 of dive

关键词： protective vaccine boost

Digital generation of super-Gaussian perfect vortex beams via wavefront shaping with globally adaptive feedback

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 42-51页

作者： Rui Ma ke Hai luo Jing Song He Wei Li Zhang Dian Yuan Fan Anderson S.L.Gomes Jun Liu International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina Fiber Optics Research Centre School of Information and Communication EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina Departamento de Física Universidade Federal de PernambucoRecife-PEBrazil

High-intensity vortex beams with tunable topological charges and low coherence are highly demanded in applications such as inertial confinement fusion(ICF) and optical communication. However, traditional optical vortices featuring nonuniform intensity distributions are dramatically restricted in application scenarios that require a high-intensity vortex beam owing to their ineffective amplification resulting from the intensity-dependent nonlinear effect. Here, a low-coherence perfect vortex beam(PVB) with a topological charge as high as 140 is realized based on the super-pixel wavefront-shaping technique. More importantly, a globally adaptive feedback algorithm(GAFA) is proposed to efficiently suppress the original intensity fluctuation and achieve a flat-top PVB with dramatically reduced beam speckle contrast. The GAFA-based flat-top PVB generation method can pave the way for high-intensity vortex beam generation,which is crucial for potential applications in ICF, laser processing, optical communication and optical trapping.

关键词： digital micromirror device flat-top beam orbital angular momentum perfect vortex beam random fiber laser

PIF4 interacts with ABI4 to serve as a transcriptional activator complex to promote seed dormancy by enhancing ABA biosynthesis and signaling

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 909-927页

作者： Xiaofeng luo Yujia Dai Baoshan xian Jiahui Xu Ranran Zhang Muhammad Saad Rehmani Chuan Zheng Xiaoting Zhao Kaitao Mao Xiaotong Ren Shaowei Wei Lei Wang Juan He Weiming Tan Junbo Du Weiguo Liu Shu Yuan Kai Shu Shaanxi key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection School of Ecology and EnvironmentNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710129China Research&Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in ShenzhenShenzhen 518057China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Ecological Agriculture Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China College of Resources Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

Transcriptional regulation plays a key role in the control of seed dormancy,and many transcription factors(TFs)have been ***,the mechanisms underlying the interactions between different TFs within a transcriptional complex regulating seed dormancy remain largely ***,we showed that TF PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR4(PIF4)physically interacted with the abscisic acid(ABA)signaling responsive TF ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE4(ABI4)to act as a transcriptional complex to promote ABA biosynthesis and signaling,finally deepening primary seed *** pif4 and abi4 single mutants exhibited a decreased primary seed dormancy phenotype,with a synergistic effect in the pif4/abi4 double ***4 binds to ABI4 to form a heterodimer,and ABI4 stabilizes PIF4 at the protein level,whereas PIF4 does not affect the protein stabilization of ***,both TFs independently and synergistically promoted the expression of ABI4 and NCED6,a key gene for ABA *** genetic evidence is also consistent with the phenotypic,physiological and biochemical analysis ***,this study revealed a transcriptional regulatory cascade in which the PIF4–ABI4 transcriptional activator complex synergistically enhanced seed dormancy by facilitating ABA biosynthesis and signaling.

关键词： ABA ABI4 PIF4 seed dormancy and germination transcriptional complex

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双振荡场产生正负电子对的理论研究

物理学报 2024年第4期73卷 151-160页

作者：李传可林南省周鲜鲜江淼李英骏中国矿业大学(北京) 隧道工程灾变防控与智能建养全国重点实验室北京100083 中国矿业大学(北京)理学院北京100083 安徽财经大学管理科学与工程学院蚌埠233030

在强电磁场下真空产生正负电子对的研究中,多场的组合扮演重要的角色.本文运用计算量子场论方法在全时空数值求解狄拉克方程,研究了两个空间分离的局域化振荡电场击穿真空产生正负电子对的过程.结果表明通过选取合适的场参数,两场的相... 详细信息

在强电磁场下真空产生正负电子对的研究中,多场的组合扮演重要的角色.本文运用计算量子场论方法在全时空数值求解狄拉克方程,研究了两个空间分离的局域化振荡电场击穿真空产生正负电子对的过程.结果表明通过选取合适的场参数,两场的相互作用可以显著增强正负电子对的产生.两场的相互作用使产生正负电子对的动量分布曲线出现了周期性的振荡,并导致了非对称的多光子跃迁过程.通过含时微扰理论分析得出,正负电子对的动量分布的周期性振荡可由电场宽度、电场频率和两场间距共同决定.两场间距能够改变正负电子对动量分布的变化周期,随着两场间距的增大,产生正负电子对的动量(能量)的单一性得到优化;电场宽度不仅影响正负电子对动量分布的峰谷高度差,还会改变其在动量空间峰值的展宽;根据能量守恒定律,电场频率的增大使得产生粒子对的动量随之变大.因此,通过选择合适电场参数可以抑制或加强特定动量分布的正负电子对,这为今后的实验设计提供了重要的理论指导.

关键词：正负电子对产生计算量子场论强场物理

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基于事件逻辑的PUFs认证协议形式化分析

华中科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第2期52卷 69-76页

作者：钟小妹肖美华杨科罗运先华东交通大学软件学院江西南昌330013

提出两个事件时序概念与相关规则,用于分析事件关联消息类型为挑战数的时态性质,形式化抽象物理不可克隆函数(PUFs)随机会话秘钥生成功能,扩展事件逻辑(LoET)用于形式化分析PUFs安全协议的理论.以一个基于SRAM PUFs(基于静态随机存取存... 详细信息

提出两个事件时序概念与相关规则,用于分析事件关联消息类型为挑战数的时态性质,形式化抽象物理不可克隆函数(PUFs)随机会话秘钥生成功能,扩展事件逻辑(LoET)用于形式化分析PUFs安全协议的理论.以一个基于SRAM PUFs(基于静态随机存取存储器的PUF类型)的安全双向认证协议分析为例,形式化规约了协议基于PUFs随机秘钥生成和双向认证过程,基于扩展的事件逻辑,采用定理证明方法推理证明了该协议在合理假设下满足双向强认证性质.研究表明扩展的事件逻辑理论可用于设计和分析基于PUFs安全协议.

关键词：形式化方法事件逻辑(LoET) 物理不可克隆函数(PUFs) 双向认证协议定理证明

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超新星遗迹和脉冲星风云的X射线偏振成像

天文学进展 2024年第1期42卷 76-85页

作者：罗天贤周平南京大学天文与空间科学学院南京210046 现代天文与天体物理教育部重点实验室南京210046

年轻超新星遗迹和脉冲星风云中的高能粒子可以通过同步辐射产生X射线。对该辐射的偏振测量有助于揭示粒子加速区磁场的性质,进而研究粒子加速的机制。首颗X射线偏振成像卫星于2021年底发射升空,已揭示了数个年轻超新星遗迹和脉冲星风云... 详细信息

年轻超新星遗迹和脉冲星风云中的高能粒子可以通过同步辐射产生X射线。对该辐射的偏振测量有助于揭示粒子加速区磁场的性质,进而研究粒子加速的机制。首颗X射线偏振成像卫星于2021年底发射升空,已揭示了数个年轻超新星遗迹和脉冲星风云的X射线偏振图像。观测显示,仙后A和第谷超新星遗迹的偏振度较低,平均值分别约为2.5%和9%;而蟹状星云和船帆脉冲星风云的偏振度较高,平均值分别约为20%和45%。结果表明脉冲星风云的磁场较为有序,而两个年轻超新星遗迹的粒子加速区磁场是高度湍动的,且激波附近的磁场结构呈现径向分布。未来,随着对IXPE的使用越来越广泛,以及与我国建设中的增强型X射线时变与偏振探测器(eXTP)等更多望远镜投入使用,以上两类天体的磁场构型和粒子加速模型将得到进一步的限定。

关键词：超新星遗迹脉冲星风云偏振 X射线天文学粒子加速

一种用于大视场成像和偏振光谱探测的微型可重构超构光学系统

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Engineering 2024年第4期35卷 67-73页

作者： Fei Zhang Minghao Liao Mingbo Pu Yinghui Guo Lianwei Chen Xiong Li Qiong He Tongtong Kang Xiaoliang Ma Yuan ke xiangang luo State key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering Institute of Optics and ElectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China National key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation Science and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China School of Optoelectronics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Research Center on Vector Optical Fields Institute of Optics and ElectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China Tianfu Xinglong Lake Laboratory Chengdu 610299China

Wide-angle imaging and spectral detection play vital roles in tasks such as target tracking,object classification,and ***,limited by their intrinsically different architectures,as determined by frequency dispersion requirements,their simultaneous implementation in a shared-aperture system is ***,we propose a novel concept to realize reconfigurable dual-mode detection based on electrical-control tunable *** a proof-of-concept demonstration,the simultaneous implementation of wide-angle imaging and polarization-spectral detection in a miniature sharedaperture meta-optical system is realized for the first time via the electrical control of cascaded catenary-like *** proposed system supports the imaging(spectral)resolution of approximately 27.8 line-pairs per millimeter(lp·mm^(-1);~80 nm)for an imaging(spectral)mode from 8 to 14 μ*** system also bears a large field of view of about 70°,enabling multi-target recognition in both *** work may promote the miniaturization of multifunctional optical systems,including spectrometers and polarization imagers,and illustrates the potential industrial applications of meta-optics in biomedicine,security,space exploration,and more.

关键词： Metasurfaces Reconfigurable Imaging Spectral

Serum LDL Promotes Microglial Activation and Exacerbates Demyelinating Injury in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第8期40卷 1104-1114页

作者： Man Chen Yun‑Hui Chu Wen‑xiang Yu Yun‑Fan You Yue Tang Xiao‑Wei Pang Hang Zhang ke Shang Gang Deng luo‑Qi Zhou Sheng Yang Wei Wang Jun Xiao Dai‑Shi Tian Chuan Qin Department of Neurology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Hubei key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Neurology Hainan General HospitalHainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570311China

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD)is an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS)accompanied by blood-brain barrier(BBB)*** in microglial lipid metabolism is believed to be closely associated with the neuropathology of ***,there is limited evidence on the functional relevance of circulating lipids in CNS demyelination,cellular metabolism,and microglial ***,we found that serum low-density lipoprotein(LDL)was positively correlated with markers of neurological damage in NMOSD *** addition,we demonstrated in a mouse model of NMOSD that LDL penetrates the CNS through the leaky BBB,directly activating *** activation leads to excessive phagocytosis of myelin debris,inhibition of lipid metabolism,and increased glycolysis,ultimately exacerbating myelin *** also found that therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing circulating LDL effectively reversed the lipid metabolic dysfunction in microglia and mitigated the demyelinating injury in *** findings shed light on the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the positive correlation between serum LDL and neurological damage,highlighting the potential therapeutic target for lowering circulating lipids to alleviate the acute demyelinating injury in NMOSD.

关键词： Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder Low-density lipoprotein Microglia