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Huangqin Decoction Attenuates DSS-Induced Mucosal Damage and Promotes Epithelial Repair via Inhibiting TNF-α-Induced NF-κB Activation

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第2期28卷 124-129页

作者： GU Li-mei LI Hui xia jun-quan PAN Cheng-yu GU Chao TIAN Yao-zhou Gastroenterology Department Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing(210028)China Gastroenterology Department Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing(210028)China Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanjing(210028)China

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of Chinese herbal formula Huangqin Decoction(HQD)on ulcerative colitis mouse model induced by dextran sulphate sodium(DSS)and human intestinal epithelial cell injury induced by tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α).Methods:In vivo,30 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 5 groups using a random number table(n=6 per group),including control,DSS,5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA),HQD low-(HQD-L)and high-dose(HQD-H)groups.The colitis mouse model was established by 3%(w/v)DSS water for 5 days.Meanwhile,mice in the HQD-L,HQD-H and 5-ASA groups were administrated with 100,200 mg/kg HQD or 100 mg/kg 5-ASA,respectively,once daily by gavage.After 9 days of administration,the body weight,disease activity index(DAI)score and colon length of mice were measured,the pathological changes of colons were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE)staining,and the levels of serum interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1βand TNF-αwere measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.In vitro,the human colon epithelial normal cells(FHC cells)were exposed to HQD(0.6 mg/mL)for 12 h and then treated with TNF-α(10 ng/mL)for 24 h.The tight junction(TJ)protein expression levels of Claudin-4 and Occludin,and the protein phosphorylation levels of p65 and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappaB(NF-κB)-α(IκBα)were measured by Western blot.Results:In vivo,compared with the DSS group,HQD-H treatment attenuated the weight loss and reduced DAI score of mice on the 8th day(P<0.05).Moreover,HQD-H treatment ameliorated the colon shortening in the DSS-induced colitis mice(P<0.05).HE staining showed HQD attenuated the pathological changes of colitis mice,and the histological scores of HQD-H and 5-ASA groups were significantly decreased compared with the DSS group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,HQD-H and 5-ASA significantly decreased the serum IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-αlevels of mice(P<0.05).In vitro experiments showed that HQD up-regulated Occludin and Claudin-4 protein expressions and inhibited p-p65 and p-IκBαlevels in FHC cells compared with the TNF-αgroup(P<0.

关键词： Huangqin Decoction ulcerative colitis tumour necrosis factor-α nuclear factor kappaB pathway tight conjunction protein Chinese medicine

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Pretreating and normalizing metabolomics data for statistical analysis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 188-205页

作者： jun Sun Yinglin xia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineDepartment of Microbiology/ImmunologyUIC Cancer CenterUniversity of Illinois ChicagoJesse Brown VA Medical Center Chicago(537)ChicagoIL 60612USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA

Metabolomics as a research field and a set of techniques is to study the entire small molecules in biological samples.Metabolomics is emerging as a powerful tool generally for pre-cision medicine.Particularly,integration of microbiome and metabolome has revealed the mechanism and functionality of microbiome in human health and disease.However,metabo-lomics data are very complicated.Preprocessing/pretreating and normalizing procedures on metabolomics data are usually required before statistical analysis.In this review article,we comprehensively review various methods that are used to preprocess and pretreat metabolo-mics data,including MS-based data and NMR-based data preprocessing,dealing with zero and/or missing values and detecting outliers,data normalization,data centering and scaling,data transformation.We discuss the advantages and limitations of each method.The choice for a suitable preprocessing method is determined by the biological hypothesis,the characteristics of the data set,and the selected statistical data analysis method.We then provide the perspective of their applications in the microbiome and metabolome research.

关键词： Data centering and scaling Data normalization Data transformation Missing values MS-Baseddata preprocessing NMRData preprocessing Outliers Preprocessing/pretreatment

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Microbiome and intestinal pathophysiology in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 220-231页

作者： Jilei Zhang Yongguo Zhang Yinglin xia jun Sun Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Ilinois ChicagoIL60612USA Uic Cancer Center Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Ilinois ChicagoChicagoIL60612USA Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoIL60612USA

Long CoVID,also known for post-acute sequelae of CovID-19,describes the people who have the signs and symptoms that continue or develop after the acute coviD-19 phase.Long CovID patients suffer from an inflammation or host responses towards the virus approx-imately 4 weeks after initial infection with the SARS CoV-2 virus and continue for an unchar-acterized duration.Anyone infected with CovID-19 before could experience long-CcovID conditions,including the patients who were infected with SARS CoV-2 virus confirmed by tests and those who never knew they had an infection early.People with long CoviD may experience health problems from different types and combinations of symptoms over time,such as fa-tigue,dyspnea,cognitive impairments,and gastrointestinal(Gl)symptoms(e.g.,nausea,vom-iting,diarrhea,decreased or loss of appetite,abdominal pain,and dysgeusia).The critical role of the microbiome in these Gl symptoms and long CovID were reported in clinical patients and experimental models.Here,we provide an overall view of the critical role of the Gl tract and microbiome in the development of long COVID,including the clinical Gl symptoms in patients,dysbiosis,viral-microbiome interactions,barrier function,and inflammatory bowel disease patients with long CovID.We highlight the potential mechanisms and possible treatment based on Gl health and microbiome.Finally,we discuss challenges and future direction in the long CoVID clinic and research.

关键词： Gastrointestinal symptoms Gl tract Gut microbiome Inflammatorybowel diseases Intestinal barrier Long CoVID Metabolites Tight junctions

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DEM investigation of strength and critical state behaviours of granular materials under true triaxial loadings

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 198-212页

作者： Minyi Zhu Guobin Gong jun xia Stephen Wilkinson Department of Civil Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversityChina Department of Civil Engineering and Industrial Design University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences University of Wollongong in DubaiUnited Arab Emirates

This paper investigates the strength and critical state(CS)behaviours of granular materials via DEM simulations of true triaxial drained tests under three different loading modes including constant b(in-termediate stress ratio)tests with constantσ'1(major principal stress),constant p(mean pressure)and constantσ'3(minor principal stress)respectively.To this end,a series of samples are generated with the same particle size distribution,and with the confining stresses ranging from 100 kPa to 900 kPa.The CS is achieved for all samples.Both the macroscopic behaviours and the microscopic behaviours are examined and compared considering different loading modes,confining stresses and intermediate stress ratios(b).The critical state lines(CSLs)are found to be unique and independent of the loading modes,but dependent on the b values.The CSLs with b=0 and b=1 form the two boundaries of CSLs respectively beyond which CSLs under all other b tests cannot go beyond.Six different strength criteria are examined and compared in terms of both peak and CS failures.The Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion is found to be only suitable for axisymmetric loading conditions.The Lade-Duncan criterion is only suitable for describing peak strengths,which is dependent on the loading modes and confining stresses.The Satake criterion and Matsuoka-Nakai criterion are the more appropriate strength criteria for describing CS failures,indicating that the CS values of both the Satake parameter and the Matsuoka-Nakai parameter describe an inherent property that characterizes the CS failure for a given type of soil.The CS mechanical coordination number is fitted by a curved line for a given b value,which is unique regardless of the loading modes.The peak and CS values of both major and minor principal fabric tensors decrease with increasing b values,while they increase with increasing b values for the intermediate principal fabric tensor.

关键词： Discrete element method Intermediate stress ratio Dilation Critical state Failure criterion

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Selective adsorption of tetracycline by β-CD-immobilized sodium alginate aerogel coupled with ultrafiltration for reclaimed water

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 27-34页

作者： Xi quan jun Zhang Linlin Yin Wei Zuo Yu Tian State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment(SKLUWRE) School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

In this work,a novel composite material based on β-cyclodextrin-immobilized sodium alginate aerogel(β-CD/NaAlg) was developed utilizing cross-linker of epichlorohydrin and applied as an adsorbent to remove tetracycline antibiotics from reclaimed wastewater.A series of characterizations were utilized to confirm the successful synthesis of the adsorbent and this β-CD/NaAlg presented a three-dimensional network at the nanoscale or microscale.Under optimal conditions(pH=4,t=8 h,β-CD:NaAlg=9,adsorbent dosage = 1.5 g·L-1),the maximum removal rate of β-CD/NaAlg to tetracycline was 70%.The adsorption behavior of tetracycline on β-CD/NaAlg conformed to the Freundlich isotherm model(R2=0.9977) and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model(R^(2)=0.9993).Moreover,the adsorbent still removed 55.3% of tetracycline after five cycles.Specially,the adsorbent was integrated with ultrafiltration to adsorb tetracycline antibiotics from simulated reclaimed wastewater,and the removal rate of tetracycline reached 78.9% within 2 h.The existence of Cr(Ⅵ) had a negligible impact on tetracycline removal,while the presence of humic acid exhibited a promoting effect.The possible adsorption mechanisms were also elucidated through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory analysis.In summary,β-CD/NaAlg represents an environmentally friendly,efficient,and sustainable adsorbent for removing tetracycline antibiotics from reclaimed water.

关键词： b-CD/NaAlg aerogel Covalent grafting Tetracycline antibiotics Ultrafiltration Selective adsorption Reclaimed water

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Numerical simulations for radon migration and exhalation behavior during measuring radon exhalation rate with closed-loop method

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 81-95页

作者： Ming xia Yong-jun Ye Shu-Yuan Liu School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China

Accurate measurements of the radon exhalation rate help identify and evaluate radon risk regions in the environment.Among these measurement methods,the closed-loop method is frequently used.However,traditional experiments are insufficient or cannot analyze the radon migration and exhalation patterns at the gas–solid interface in the accumulation chamber.The CFD-based technique was applied to predict the radon concentration distribution in a limited space,allowing radon accumulation and exhalation inside the chamber intuitively and visually.In this study,three radon exhalation rates were defined,and two structural ventilation tubes were designed for the chamber.The consistency of the simulated results with the variation in the radon exhalation rate in a previous experiment or analytical solution was verified.The effects of the vent tube structure and flow rate on the radon uniformity in the chamber;permeability,insertion depth,and flow rate on the radon exhalation rate and the effective diffusion coefficient on back-diffusion were investigated.Based on the results,increasing the inser-tion depth from 1 to 5 cm decreased the effective decay constant by 19.55%,whereas the curve-fitted radon exhalation rate decreased(lower than the initial value)as the deviation from the initial value increased by approximately 7%.Increasing the effective diffusion coefficient from 2.77×10^(-7) to 7.77×10^(-6) m^(2) s^(-1) made the deviation expand from 2.14 to 15.96%.The conclusion is that an increased insertion depth helps reduce leakage in the chamber,subject to notable back-diffusion,and that the closed-loop method is reasonably used for porous media with a low effective diffusion coefficient in view of the back-diffusion effect.The CFD-based simulation is expected to provide guidance for the optimization of the radon exhalation rate measurement method and,thus,the accurate measurement of the radon exhalation rate.

关键词： Radon exhalation Numerical simulation Accumulation chamber

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Microbiome changes in esophageal cancer:implications for pathogenesis and prognosis

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第2期21卷 163-174页

作者： Yi Li Bing Wei xia Xue Hongle Li jun Li Department of Molecular Pathology Clinical Pathology CenterAffiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhou 450003China Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology Zhengzhou 450003China Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori&Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer Marshall Medical Research CenterThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

Esophageal cancer(EC)is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis.Various factors,including dietary habits,and antacid and antibiotic use,have been shown to influence the esophageal microbiome.Conversely,enrichment and diversity of the esophageal microbiome can also impact its function.Recent studies have revealed prevalent changes in the esophageal microbiome among patients with EC,thus suggesting the potential contribution of the esophageal microbiome to EC development.Additionally,distinct microbiome compositions have been observed in patients with different responses to radiotherapy and chemotherapy,indicating the role of the esophageal microbiome in modulating treatment outcomes.In this review,we have examined previous studies on the esophageal microbiome in healthy individuals and patients with EC or other esophageal diseases,with a focus on identifying microbial communities associated with EC pathogenesis and prognosis.Understanding the role of the microbiome in EC may aid in early detection and optimized treatment strategies,ultimately leading to better outcomes for patients.

关键词： Esophageal cancer microbiome dysbiosis microenvironment carcinogenesis

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Possible Habitats for NH_(3),NH_(2)D,H^(13)CN,HC^(15)N,SO,and C^(18)O in the Initial Conditions of High-mass Star Formation

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 237-252页

作者： quan-Ling Cui Chuan-Peng Zhang jun-Jie Wang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Science Qiqihar UniversityQiqihar 161006China Guizhou Radio Astronomical Observatory Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550000China

The initial condition of high-mass star formation is a complex area of study because of the high densities(n_(H_(2))>106cm^(-3))and low temperatures(T_(dust)<18 K)involved.Under such conditions,many molecules become depleted from the gas phase by freezing out onto dust grains.However,the N-bearing and deuterated species could remain gaseous under these extreme conditions,suggesting that they may serve as ideal tracers.In this paper,using the Plateau de Bure Interferometer and Very Large Array observations at 1.3 mm,3.5 mm,and 1.3 cm,we investigate the possible habitats for NH_(3),NH_(2)D,H^(13)CN,HC^(15)N,SO,and C^(18)O in eight massive precluster and protocluster clumps G18.17,G18.21,G23.97N,G23.98,G23.44,G23.97S,G25.38,and G25.71.We found that the NH3cores are in good agreement with the 3.5 mm peak emission,but the NH_(3)is much more extended than the 3.5 mm emission structure.The SO distributions agree well with the 3.5 mm peaks for the evolved star formation stage,but we did not detect any SO emission in the four earliest star formation sources.C^(18)O is a poor tracer in conditions of the cold(■18 K)and dense(■10^(4)cm^(-3))cores,e.g.,the prestellar cores.We also found that the NH_(2)D cores are mainly located in the temperature range of 13.0-20.0 K,and the NH_(2)D lines may be strongly depleted above 20 K.

关键词： galaxies:star formation techniques:interferometric methods:observational

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Multiwavelength Observations of the Infrared Dust Bubble N75 and its Surroundings

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 262-270页

Infrared dust bubbles play an important role in the study of star formation and the evolution of the interstellar medium.In this work,we study the infrared dust bubble N75 and the infrared dark cloud G38.93 mainly using the tracers C^(18)O,HCO^(+),HNC and N_(2)H^(+)observed by the 30 m IRAM telescope.We also study the targets using data from large-scale surveys:GLIMPSE,MIPSGAL,GRS,NRAO VLA Sky Survey and Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey.We found that the C^(18)O emission is morphologically similar to the Spitzer IRAC 8.0μm emission.The1.1 mm cold dust emission of G38.93 shows an elongated structure from southwest to northeast.The ionized gas from G38.93 is surrounded by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission,which may be excited by radiation from G38.93.We found that the identified young stellar objects tend to cluster around G38.93 and are mostly in class II with several class I cases distributed around N75,but no class II examples.We also found evidence of expanding feedback,which could have triggered star formation.

关键词： ISM:bubbles infrared:ISM galaxies:star formation

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Harness High-Temperature Thermal Energy via Elastic Thermoelectric Aerogels

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 196-210页

作者： Hongxiong Li Zhaofu Ding quan Zhou jun Chen Zhuoxin Liu Chunyu Du Lirong Liang Guangming Chen College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Despite notable progress in thermoelectric(TE)materials and devices,developing TE aerogels with high-temperature resistance,superior TE performance and excellent elasticity to enable self-powered high-temperature monitoring/warning in industrial and wearable applications remains a great challenge.Herein,a highly elastic,flame-retardant and high-temperature-resistant TE aerogel,made of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/single-walled carbon nanotube(PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT)composites,has been fabricated,displaying attractive compression-induced power factor enhancement.The as-fabricated sensors with the aerogel can achieve accurately pressure stimuli detection and wide temperature range monitoring.Subsequently,a flexible TE generator is assembled,consisting of 25 aerogels connected in series,capable of delivering a maximum output power of 400μW when subjected to a temperature difference of 300 K.This demonstrates its outstanding high-temperature heat harvesting capability and promising application prospects for real-time temperature monitoring on industrial high-temperature pipelines.Moreover,the designed self-powered wearable sensing glove can realize precise wide-range temperature detection,high-temperature warning and accurate recognition of human hand gestures.The aerogel-based intelligent wearable sensing system developed for firefighters demonstrates the desired self-powered and highly sensitive high-temperature fire warning capability.Benefitting from these desirable properties,the elastic and high-temperature-resistant aerogels present various promising applications including self-powered high-temperature monitoring,industrial overheat warning,waste heat energy recycling and even wearable healthcare.

关键词： Thermoelectrics Aerogel Self-powered High-temperature monitoring High-temperature warning

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