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Unlocking the potential of transdermal drug delivery

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2024年第3期15卷 432-468页

作者： Shuang li Jianhao Wu xi.ngjun Peng xi.qiao Feng Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering Applied Mechanics LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Transdermal drug delivery(TDD)has gained clinical approval over several decades,with extensive research dedicated to novel drug and device *** notable research progress,the mar-ket adoption of TDD devices has not met anticipated levels,with oral administration and injection remaining predominant delivery *** maxi.ize the potential of TDD,we identify bottlenecks hinder-ing its widespread clinical application and propose promising research *** begin by analyzing stringent demands necessary to truly benefit patients,addressing significant challenges in biomechanics,nanomedicine,and flexi.le ***,we delve into skin anatomy,enhancement strategies,nano-carriers,and their under-lining mechanisms,highlighting the importance and framework of quantitative *** on these discussions,we highlight the core strength of TDD,such as automatic precise administration based on feedback and high delivery efficiencies,especially applicable to localized conditions(e.g.,central nervous system diseases,tumors).Finally,we envision the future of intelligent TDD device and its opera-tion scenario,aiming to steer research efforts toward faster translation of laboratory innovations into widely used products for sufferers.

关键词： Transdermal drug delivery biomechanics nanomedicine flexi.le electronics

Monte Carlo method for evaluation of surface emission rate measurement uncertainty

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 126-136页

作者： Yuan-qiao li Min lin li-Jun Xu Rui Luo Yu-He Zhang Qian-xi.Ni Yun-Tao liu China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing102413China National Key Laboratory for Metrology and Calibration Techniques Beijing102413China Department of Radiation Oncology Hunan Cancer HospitalChangsha410031China The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of xi.ngya School of Medicine Central South UniversityChangsha410031China

The aim of this study is to evaluate the uncertainty of 2πα and 2πβ surface emission rates using the windowless multiwire proportional counter *** study used the Monte Carlo method (MCM) to validate the conventional Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) method.A dead time measurement model for the two-source method was established based on the characteristics of a single-channel measurement system,and the voltage threshold correction factor measurement function was indirectly obtained by fitting the threshold correction *** uncertainty in the surface emission rate was calculated using the GUM method and the law of propagation of *** MCM provided clear definitions for each input quantity and its uncertainty distribution,and the simulation training was realized with a complete and complex mathematical *** results of the surface emission rate uncertainty evaluation for four radioactive plane sources using both methods showed the uncertainty’s consistency E_(n)lidation tool for GUM results.

关键词： Surface emission rate Monte Carlo method Metrology Probability distribution function Dead time Low-energy loss correction Least-squares method

Frost Resistance of Pervious Concrete Mixed with Waste Glass Powder

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1325-1336页

作者： AN Baofeng li Qiong qiao Hongxi. SU Rui WANG xi.WANG Chaoqun JIAO Daowei School of Civil Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Gansu Advanced Civil Engineering Materials Engineering Research Center Lanzhou 730050China China Construction First Group The Fifth Construction Co.Ltd Beijing 100000China

The contents of waste glass powder(WGP)(0%,10%,15%,20%,25%)and water-binder ratio(W/C)(0.24,0.26,0.28)were used as influencing factors,and the quality loss rate(Δm)and compressive strength loss rate(Δfc)were used as characterization *** Ca/Si ratio and main element contents of C-S-H gels with different WGP content were investigated by energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS).The pore structure evolution characteristics of WGP composite cementing materials were investigated by low field nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).UsingΔfc as the index of frost resistance degradation and Weibull function,the frost resistance degradation of glass doped pervious concrete(WGP-PC)was *** results show that,with WGP,for the same number of cycles,Δm andΔfc decrease and increase with the increase of *** the same WGP content,Δm andΔfc decrease first and then increase with the increase of W/*** 100 freeze-thaw cycles,the samples with WGP content of 20%and W/C of 0.26 have the best *** tests show that with the increase of WGP content,the Ca/Si ratio of C-S-H gel decreases at first and then increases with the increase of WGP *** extreme value of Ca/Si is 2.36 when WGP is added by 20%.The pore volume of hardened paste with 20%WGP content decreased by 18.6%compared with that of cement system without *** overall compactness of the specimen was *** the basis of the test data,a life prediction model was established according to Weibull *** experiment showed thatΔfc could be used as a durability degradation index,and the slope of the reliability curve became gentle after WGP was added,which reduced the damage degradation rate of PC.W/C was ***'s about 5000 hours.

关键词： pervious concrete glass powder frost resistance energy dispersive analysis test low field nuclear magnetic resonance instrument life prediction

Surface pollen and modern vegetation in Southern xi.jiang,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 510-530页

作者： Yun ZHANG lixi. CHEN Yaoyao xi.Zhaochen KONG xi.nguo qiao State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130102China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Geosciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China

The study of modern pollen,and vegetation can improve the accuracy of paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on fossil pollen data.A total of 188 pollen surface samples were collected from Southern xi.jiang(34°00’–43°00’N,74°00’–94°00’E)in China,with an elevation range of 888–4530 *** pollen and vegetation were studied in the northern region of the Kunlun Mountains and the southern region of the Tianshan *** results showed that the surface pollen assemblages on the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains(3530–1124 m)were divided into three pollen zones,namely,montane steppe,montane desert steppe,and montane *** zones were dominated by Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,and Ephedra *** surface pollen assemblages in the eastern Pamir Plateau(4530–1287 m)could be divided into alpine meadow,montane desert steppe,and montane desert zones,which were predominantly characterized by Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,and Asteraceae ***,the Southern Tarim Basin(3548–888 m)comprised montane desert steppe and montane desert zones,which was dominated by Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae *** geographic distribution of the surface pollen sites obtained using ArcGIS,the R-value,and Pearson correlation analyses indicated that the over-represented Picea and Pinus pollen were of external origin and were transported by wind,water(rivers),and ice(glacier movement).Over-representation of Ephedra and Nitraria pollen was mainly distributed in the montane desert and desert steppe zones,*** from Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia were over-represented and broadly distributed across Southern *** pollen was concentrated in areas with walnut trees,strongly indicating the presence of local parent *** to the Hybrid Singleparticle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model,more Pinus pollen was transported to the Pamir region by external airflows during spring and summer,resulting in its higher surface pollen *** elucidating t

关键词： Surface pollen Vegetation Distribution Picea Southern xi.jiang

Data-Driven Direct Adaptive Risk-Sensitive Control of Stochastic Systems

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexi.y 2024年第4期37卷 1446-1469页

作者： qiao Nan li Tao School of Mathematical Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Practice School of Mathematical SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

The authors propose a data-driven direct adaptive control law based on the adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) algorithm for continuous-time stochastic linear systems with partially unknown system dynamics and infinite horizon quadratic risk-sensitive *** authors use online data of the system to iteratively solve the generalized algebraic Riccati equation(GARE) and to learn the optimal control law *** the case with measurable system noises,the authors show that the adaptive control law approxi.ates the optimal control law as time goes *** the case with unmeasurable system noises,the authors use the least-square solution calculated only from the measurable data instead of the real solution of the regression equation to iteratively solve the *** authors also study the influences of the intensity of the system noises,the intensity of the exploration noises,the initial iterative matrix,and the sampling period on the convergence of the ADP ***,the authors present two numerical simulation examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming direct adaptive control generalized algebraic Riccati equation risk-sensitive control

Emerging clinical relevance of microbiome in cancer:promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets

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Protein & Cell 2024年第4期15卷 239-260页

作者： Jia-Hao Dai xi.Rong Tan Han qiao Na liu State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510050China

The profound influence of microbiota in cancer initiation and progression has been under the spotlight for years,leading to numerous researches on cancer microbiome entering clinical *** promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets,the critical involvement of microbiota in cancer clinical practice has been increasingly ***,recent progress in this field is *** describe the potential of tumor-associated microbiota as effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers,*** addition,we highlight the relationship between microbiota and the therapeutic efficacy,toxi.ity,or side effects of commonly utilized treatments for cancer,including chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and *** that microbial factors influence the cancer treatment outcome,we further summarize some dominating microbial interventions and discuss the hidden risks of these *** review aims to provide an overview of the applications and advancements of microbes in cancer clinical relevance.

关键词： microbiome cancer diagnosis prognosis therapy

liquid metal droplet dynamics

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Droplet 2024年第1期3卷 61-94页

作者： xi.Zhao Mengwen qiao Yingxi. Zhou Jing liu Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

The unique properties to combine the dual merits of both liquids and metals together make the gallium‐based liquid metal(LM)droplets a class of unconventional substitute which possess great potential for a group of newly emerging areas,such as stretchable electronics,soft devices,micro sensors and *** addition,LM droplets are undoubtedly an intriguing target worth of pursuing in fundamental hydrodynamic investigations due to their extremely high surface tension nature compared to classical nonmetallic *** the discovery of the diverse transformation phenomena and self‐fueled droplet mollusks of LM that can move automatically in solution via single electricity or even without any external energy supply,tremendous attentions were attracted to this special fluidic object of LM *** the past decade,there has been a proliferation of explorations on LM droplet dynamics,while the involved contents are heterogeneous due to the interfacial physical/chemical activity of the LM and the diversity of the kinetic *** better understand and manipulate the droplet behavior and to promote further development of the LMs,this review is dedicated to summarize the latest progress and presents an overview on basic findings related to LM macrodroplet ***,the extended definition of LM droplets and the corresponding fabrication methods are ***,typical works on LM droplet dynamics are systematically interpreted based on their different behavior ***,the perspectives,main obstacles and challenges restricting the development of LM droplet dynamics are pointed out.

关键词： dynamics behavior doubt

An efficient schedulability analysis based on worst-case interference time for real-time systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 88-104页

作者： Hongbiao liU Mengfei YANG Lei qiao xi.CHEN Jian GONG School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University China Academy of Space Technology Beijing Institute of Control Engineering

Real-time systems are widely implemented in the Internet of Things(IoT) and safety-critical systems, both of which have generated enormous social value. Aiming at the classic schedulability analysis problem in real-time systems, we proposed an exact Boolean analysis based on interference(EBAI) for schedulability analysis in real-time systems. EBAI is based on worst-case interference time(WCIT), which considers both the release jitter and blocking time of the task. We improved the efficiency of the three exi.ting tests and provided a comprehensive summary of related research results in the field. Abundant experiments were conducted to compare EBAI with other related results. Our evaluation showed that in certain cases, the runtime gain achieved using our analysis method may exceed 73% compared to the stateof-the-art schedulability test. Furthermore, the benefits obtained from our tests grew with the number of tasks, reaching a level suitable for practical application. EBAI is oriented to the five-tuple real-time task model with stronger expression ability and possesses a low runtime overhead. These characteristics make it applicable in various real-time systems such as spacecraft, autonomous vehicles, industrial robots, and traffic command systems.

关键词： five-tuple real-time task model real-time system spacecraft Internet of Things exact schedulability analysis worst-case interference time

An extended numerical model of the first exothermic peak for three dimensional printed cement-based materials

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 80-88页

作者： Wei JIANG Wenqian li xi.CHEN School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The first exothermic peak of cement-based material occurs a few minutes after mixi.g,and the properties of three dimensional(3D)printed concrete,such as setting time,are very sensitive to *** this background,based on the classical Park cement exothermic model of hydration,we propose and construct a numerical model of the first exothermic peak,taking into account the proportions of C_(3)S,C_(3)A and quicklime in *** calculated parameters are calibrated by means of relevant published exothermic test *** is found that this developed model offers a good simulation of the first exothermic peak of hydration for C_(3)S and C_(3)A proportions from 0 to 100% of cement clinker and reflects the effect of quicklime content at 8%-10%.The unique value of this research is provision of an important computational tool for applications that are sensitive to the first exothermic peak of hydration,such as 3D printing.

关键词： 3D printed cement-based materials cement hydration the first exothermic peak liquid quick-setting agent numerical model