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Natural enemies depend on remnant habitat size in agricultural landscapes

Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 469-477页

作者： Mainara xavier Jordani erica Hasui Vinicius xavier da Silva Laboratorio de Ecologia Animal Departamento de Zoologia e BotanicaUniversidade Estadual Paulista-UNESPRua Cristovao Colombo2265Jardim NazarethSao Jose Do Rio PretoSP CEP 15054-000Brazil Laboratorio de Ecologia de Fragmentos do Sul de Minas Gerais-ECOFRAG Instituto Ciencias da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de Alfenas-UNIFAL–MGRua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva700CentroAlfenasMG CEP 37130-000Brazil

In recent decades,the consequences of habitat fragmentation have been of growing concern,because it is particularly important to understand how fragmentation may affect biodiversity,an ecological *** tested two hypotheses：（1） that natural fragment size in agricultural landscapes indirectly affects the herbivore through effects on natural predator populations;and（2） predator activity into the crop reduces along the distance from the natural fragment *** 2008 and 2009,we conducted our study in seven forest remnants and in surrounding coffee plantations（fragments ranged from 6 to 105 ha,mean 49.28 ± 36.60 ha） in Southern Minas Gerais,*** were sampled by point counts,and insect predation was evaluated by using an artificial insect model（Koh and Menge 2006）.Our results suggest that although there were many potential predators（e.g.,wasps,ants,birds,and mammals）,birds were the most important taxon *** covariance analysis supported the hypothesis that patch size affected the number of larvae predation by overall taxi,but there was no support for a distance *** findings suggest that natural enemies’ ecological service（mainly from birds） declined with remnant reduction,which has implications not only for human welfare,but also in strengthening the economic justifications for conserving the remaining natural habitats and biodiversity in agricultural landscapes.

关键词： Ecosystem service Fragmentation Isolation Insectivore Predation

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Bispecific sigma-1 receptor antagonism and mu-opioid receptor partial agonism:WLB-73502,an analgesic with improved efficacy and safety profile compared to strong opioids

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第1期13卷 82-99页

作者： Alba Vidal-Torres Begoña Fernández-Pastor Mónica García Eva Ayet Anna Cabot Javier Burgueño xavier Monroy Bertrand Aubel xavier Codony Luz Romero Rosalía Pascual Maria Teresa Serafini Gregorio Encina Carmen Almansa Daniel Zamanillo Manuel Merlos JoséMiguel Vela WeLab Barcelona Parc Cientific de BarcelonaBarcelona 08028Spain

Opioids are the most effective painkillers,but their benefit-risk balance often hinder their therapeutic ***-73502 is a dual,bispecific compound that binds sigma-1(S1R)and mu-opioid(MOR)***-73502 is an antagonist at the *** behaved as a partial MOR agonist at the G-protein pathway and produced no/unsignificantβ-arrestin-2 recruitment,thus demonstrating low intrinsic efficacy on MOR at both signalling *** its partial MOR agonism,WLB-73502exerted full antinociceptive efficacy,with potency superior to morphine and similar to oxycodone against nociceptive,inflammatory and osteoarthritis pain,and superior to both morphine and oxycodone against neuropathic ***-73502 crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds brain S1R and MOR to an extent consistent with its antinociceptive *** to morphine and oxycodone,tolerance to its antinociceptive effect did not develop after repeated 4-week ***,contrary to opioid comparators,WLB-73502 did not inhibit gastrointestinal transit or respiratory function in rats at doses inducing full efficacy,and it was devoid of proemetic effect(retching and vomiting)in ferrets at potentially effective ***-73502 benefits from its bivalent S1R antagonist and partial MOR agonist nature to provide an improved antinociceptive and safety profile respect to strong opioid therapy.

关键词： WLB-73502 Sigma-1 receptor Mu-opioid receptor Biased agonist Analgesic activity Chronic pain Neuropathic pain Safety

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A potential transition from a concentrated to a generalized HIV epidemic:the case of Madagascar

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 107-107页

作者： David Alonso xavier Vallès Computational and Theoretical Ecology Spanish Council for Scientifc Research(CEAB-CSI)CC/Access Cala Francesc1417300 BlanesSpain International Health Program(PROSICS) North Metropolitan Health Area From BarcelonaHospital Universitari Germans Trias i PujolPassatge dels Encantss/n08914 BadalonaCataloniaSpain Institut d’Investigacióen Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol C/Canyet s/n08916 BadalonaSpain FundacióLluita contra les Infeccions C/Canyet s/n08916 BadalonaSpain

Background HIV expansion is controlled by a range of interrelated factors,including the natural history of HIV infection and socio-economical and structural ***,how they dynamically interact in particular contexts to drive a transition from concentrated HIV epidemics in vulnerable groups to generalized epidemics is poorly *** aim to explore these mechanisms,using Madagascar as a *** We developed a compartmental dynamic model using available data from Madagascar,a country with a contrasting concentrated epidemic,to explore the interaction between these factors with special consideration of commercial and transactional sex as HIV-infection *** The model predicts sigmoidal-like prevalence curves with turning points within years 2020-2022,and prevalence reaching stabilization by 2033 within 9 to 24%in the studied(10 out of 11)cities,similar to high-prevalence regions in Southern *** late/slow introduction of HIV and circumcision,a widespread traditional practice in Madagascar,could have slowed down HIV propagation,but,given the key interplay between risky behaviors associated to young women and acute infections prevalence,mediated by transactional sex,the protective efect of circumcision is currently insufcient to contain the expansion of the disease in *** These results suggest that Madagascar may be experiencing a silent transition from a concentrated to a generalized HIV *** case-study model could help to understand how this HIV epidemic transition occurs.

关键词： HIV Key population Modeling Structural drivers Africa Gender Madagascar

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Microbiological cultures and antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients undergoing total pancreatectomy with islet cell autotransplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2023年第4期22卷 426-429页

作者： Kristen R Szempruch Anne M Lachiewicz Brittney M Williams Aman Kumar xavier Baldwin Chirag S Desai Pharmacy Department University of North Carolina Medical CenterChapel HillNCUSA Division of Infectious Disease University of North Carolina Medical CenterChapel HillNCUSA Department of Surgery TransplantUniversity of North Carolina Medical CenterChapel HillNCUSA

To the Editor:Total pancreatectomy with islet cell autotransplantation(TPIAT)is a viable treatment option upon failed endoscopic and medical therapy for patients with chronic *** procedure involves surgical removal of the entire pancreas,isolation of islet cells and reinfusion of these cells into the liver via portal vein[1,2].The risk of contamination to the final islet cell product can occur at several stages of the isolation procedure[3].In order to ensure the sterility of the islet cell product,multiple samples from the preservation and cannulation solution,and the final islet cell product are sent for bacterial *** studies have found variable clinical consequences of these cultures on infectious com-plications or graft function[3-9].Herein we aimed to determine the incidence of infection in 60 days post-TPIAT and its association with the culture data.

关键词： islet patients viable

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The application of extended modified Lambert Beer model for measurement of blood carboxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin saturation

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第3期7卷 108-114页

作者： Audrey Huong xavier Ngu Department.of Electronic Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Uiniversity Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Batu Pahat 86400 JohorMalaysia Department of Communication Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Batu Pahat 86400 JohorMalaysia

This work presents the use of extended Modified Lambert Beer(MLB)model for accurate andcontinuous monitoring of percent blood carboxyhemoglobin(COHb)(SCO)and oxyhemoglobin(OxyHb)saturation(SO,)via a fitting *** quantification technique is based on theabsorption characteristics of hemoglobin derivatives in the wavelength range of 520-600 nm togive the best estimates of the required parameters.A comparison of the performance of the developed model and MILB law is made using attenuation data from Monte Carlo simulations for a two-layered skin *** results revealed a lower mean absolute error of 0.4%in the valuesestimated by the developed model as compared to 10%that is given by the MILB *** studyshowed that the discussed approach is able to provide consistent and accurate measurement ofblood SO,and SCO across diferent skin pigmen tations suggesting that it may potentially be usedas an alternative means for clinical diagnosis of carbon monoxide(CO)poisoning.

关键词： Blood carboxyhemoglobin saturation carbon monoxide poisoning blood oxyhemoglobin saturation modified Lambert Beer law

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耐化学腐蚀和疏水性的食品包装用含SnO_(2)生物纳米复合材料

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2023年第7期33卷 2136-2154页

作者： Joseph Raj xavier CDHANALAKSHMI Shanmuga Sundari CHANDRARAJ SPVINODHINI Department of Chemistry Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai-602105Tamil NaduIndia Department of Chemistry Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai-600062Tamil NaduIndia

研究了聚(天冬酰胺-共苯丙氨酸)(P(Asn-co-Phe)/SnO_(2))对环氧树脂(EP)涂层防护性能的影响。电化学阻抗谱分析表明,与纯环氧树脂涂层相比,马口铁表面EP-P(Asn-co-Phe)/SnO_(2)纳米复合材料涂层具有更好的防护作用。EP-P(Asn-co-Phe)/Sn... 详细信息

研究了聚(天冬酰胺-共苯丙氨酸)(P(Asn-co-Phe)/SnO_(2))对环氧树脂(EP)涂层防护性能的影响。电化学阻抗谱分析表明,与纯环氧树脂涂层相比,马口铁表面EP-P(Asn-co-Phe)/SnO_(2)纳米复合材料涂层具有更好的防护作用。EP-P(Asn-co-Phe)/SnO_(2)纳米复合材料涂层的电阻(Rcoat)为3854.70 kΩ·cm^(2),比环氧树脂涂层的大38倍。扫描电化学显微镜分析表明,EP-P(Asn-co-Phe)/SnO_(2)的电流分布更小。通过XRD和SEM/EDX对降解产物进行分析,证实了功能化SnO_(2)颗粒对环氧树脂涂层防护能力的影响。EP-P(Asn-co-Phe)/SnO_(2)纳米复合材料涂层的水接触角为133°,证实了其疏水性。此外,与纯环氧树脂涂层相比,EP-P(Asn-co-Phe)/SnO_(2)纳米材料复合涂层具有更高的力学性能和抗菌活性。综上,由于在环氧树脂基体中添加了P(Asn-co-Phe)/SnO_(2)纳米颗粒,EP-P(Asn-co-Phe)/SnO_(2)纳米复合材料提供了出色的屏障和力学性能,从而阻碍了材料的降解,有助于延长涂层钢的寿命。

关键词：马口铁环氧树脂 SnO_(2) 纳米材料复合涂层共聚物热稳定性硬度

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Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma:Real-life Data on Liver Disease,Treatment and Prognosis

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第5期11卷 1106-1117页

作者： xavier Adhoute Olivia Pietri Guillaume Pénaranda Thomas Wolf Patrick Beaurain Olivier Monnet Arthur Laquière Justine Bonomini Frédéric Neumann Olivier Levrel Jean-Pascal Buono xavier Hanna Paul Castellani HervéPerrier Marc Bourliere Rodolphe Anty Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseilleFrance Department of Biostatistics AlphaBio-Biogroup LaboratoryMarseilleFrance Department of Radiology Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseilleFrance Department of Clinical Research Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseilleFrance Medipath EguillesFrance Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseilleFrance Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hôpital Universitaire de l’ArchetNiceFrance

Background and Aims:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)have common features and *** real-life study investigated their characteristics,treatment modalities,and ***:This retrospective comparative study was performed in 1,075 patients seen at one tertiary center between January 2008 and December *** survival(OS)was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier *** of iCCAs after histological and radiological review,and molecular profiling was ***:HCCs patients were more likely to have early-stage disease than iCCA *** patients were more likely to be female,especially those patients without cirrhosis(43%vs.17%).Cirrhosis was prominent among HCC patients(89%vs.34%),but no difference in underlying liver disease among cirrhotic patients was *** of HCC patients was 18.4(95%CI:6.4,48.3)months,that of iCCA patients was 7.0(95%CI:3.4,20.1)*** of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer C HCC patients was 7.8(95%CI:4.3,14.2)months,that of advanced/metastatic iCCA patients was 8.5(95%CI:5.7,12.3)*** patients treated with sorafenib,OS was longer in HCC patients who received subsequent tyrosine kinase inhibitor *** significant OS difference was found between iCCA patients with and without cirrhosis or according to histological subtype.A targetable molecular alteration was detected in 50%of the iCCA ***:In this French series,cirrhosis was common in iCCA,which showed etiological factors comparable to those of HCC,implying a distinct oncogenic *** entities had a dismal prognosis at advanced ***,systemic therapies sequencing in HCC and molecular profiling in iCCA offer new insights.

关键词： Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis NASH Oncogenic alterations

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Experimental investigation of flow field in a laboratory-scale compressor

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2017年第1期30卷 31-46页

作者： Ma Hongwei Wei Wei xavier Ottavy Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-Thermodynamics School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100083 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Aero-Engine Beijing 100083 China China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics (CAAA) Yungangxi Rd. Fengtai Dist. Beijing 100074 China Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA) Groupe TurbomachinesEcole Centrale de Lyon 36 av. Guy de Collongue 69134 Ecully cedex France

The inner flow environment of turbomachinery presents strong three-dimensional, rotational, and unsteady characteristics. Consequently, a deep understanding of these flow phenomena will be the prerequisite to establish a state-of-the-art design system of turbomachinery. Currently the development of more accurate turbulence models and CFD tools is in urgent need for a high-quality database for validation, especially the advanced CFD tools, such as large eddy simulation（LES）. Under this circumstance, this paper presents a detailed experimental investigation on the 3D unsteady flow field inside a laboratory-scale isolated-rotor with multiple advanced measurement techniques, including traditional aerodynamic probes, hotwire probes, unsteady endwall static pressure measurement, and stereo particle image velocimetry（SPIV）. The inlet boundary layer profile is measured with both hotwire probe and aerodynamic probe. The steady and unsteady flow fields at the outlet of the rotor are measured with a mini five-hole probe and a single-slanted hotwire probe. The instantaneous flow field in the rotor tip region inside the passage is captured with SPIV,and then a statistical analysis of the spatial distribution of the instantaneous tip leakage vortex/flow is performed to understand its dynamic characteristics. Besides these, the uncertainty analysis of each measurement technique is described. This database is quite sufficient to validate the advanced numerical simulation with LES. The identification process of the tip leakage vortex core in the instantaneous frames obtained from SPIV is performed deliberately. It is concluded that the ensemble-averaged flow field could not represent the tip leakage vortex strength and the trajectory trace. The development of the tip leakage vortex could be clearly cataloged into three phasesaccording to their statistical spatial distribution. The streamwise velocity loss induced by the tip leakage flow increases until the splitting process is weak

关键词： Database Laboratory-scale compres-sor SPIV Tip leakage flow Tip leakage vortex

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Vigilance behavior of Pyrenean chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica:Effect of sex and position in the herd

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Current Zoology 2010年第2期56卷 232-237页

作者： Antoni DALMAU Alfred FERRET xavier MANTECA Irta Finca Camps i Armet s/n Monells Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona School of Veterinary Science Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments

The Pyrenean chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica is a mountain-dwelling ungulate with an extensive presencein open areas. Optimal group size results from the trade off between advantages (a reduction in the risk of predation) and disadvantages(competition between members of the herd) of group living. In addition, advantages and disadvantages of group livingmay vary depending on the position of each individual within the herd. Our objective was to study the effect of central vs. peripheralposition in the herd on feeding and vigilance behavior in male and female Pyrenean chamois and to ascertain if a group sizeeffect existed. We used focal animal sampling and recorded social interactions when a focal animal was involved. With males,vigilance rate was higher in the central part of the group than at the periphery, probably due to a higher density of animals in thecentral part of the herd and a higher probability of being disturbed by conspecifics. With females, vigilance rate did not differ accordingto position in the herd. Females spent more time feeding than males, and males showed a higher frequency of the vigilancebehavior than females. We did not observe a clear relationship between group size and vigilance behavior. The differencesin vigilance behavior might be due to social

关键词：警戒行为位置效应牛群羚羊性别社会交往捕食风险规模效应

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Ionic thermoelectric materials and devices

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第10期30卷 88-103,I0003页

作者： Dan Zhao Alois Würger xavier Crispin Laboratory of Organic Electronics Linkoping UniversityNorrkoping 60247Sweden Univ.Bordeaux&CNRS LOMA(UMR 5798)F-33405 TalenceFrance Wallenberg Wood Science Center ITNLinköping UniversityNorrköpingSweden

The tremendous amount of wasted heat from solar radiation and industry dissipation has motivated the development of thermoelectric concepts that directly convert heat into *** main challenge in practical applications for thermoelectrics is the high cost from both materials and ***,breakthrough progresses in ionic thermoelectrics open up new possibilities to charge energy storage devices when submitted to a temperature *** charging voltage is internally from the ionic Seebeck effect of the electrolyte between two *** electrolytes with high thermoelectric figure of merit are classified as ionic thermoelectric *** ionic thermoelectric materials are composed of abundant elements,and they can generate hundreds of times larger thermal voltage than that of electronic *** emerging thermoelectric category brings new hope to fabricate low cost and large area heat-to-energy conversion devices,and triggers a renewed interest for ionic *** this review,we summarize the state of the art in the new field of ionic thermoelectrics,from the driving force of the ionic thermodiffusion to material and application *** present a general map of ionic thermoelectric materials,discuss the unique characters of each type of the reported electrolytes,and propose potential optimization and future topics of ionic thermoelectrics.

关键词： Electrolytes Soret effect Thermodiffusion Thermal energy conversion

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