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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 363-369页

作者： Bin Li Mengmeng xie Jingyu Li Nana shen xinying Zhang xuesen Fan State Key Laboratory of Antiviral drugs Pingyuan LaboratoryKey Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and ReactionsKey Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution ControlMinistry of EducationSchool of EnvironmentSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal UniversityXinxiangHenan453007 China

Herein,we report a condition-controlled divergent synthesis of spiro indene-2,1'-isoindolinones and spiro isochroman-3,1'-isoindolinones through cobalt-catalyzed formal[4+1]and[4+1+1]spirocyclization of aromatic amides with 2-diazo-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-*** the reaction is carried out under air in ethyl acetate,spiro indene-2,1'-isoindolinones are formed through Co(II)-catalyzed C—H/N—H[4+1]*** the reaction is run under O2 in CH3CN,on the other hand,spiro isochroman-3,1'-isoindolinones are generated through Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of the in situ formed spiro indene-2,1'-isoindolinones with O2 as a cheaper and environmental-friendly oxygen *** general,these protocols have advantages such as using non-precious and earth-abundant metal catalyst,no extra additive,high efficiency and regioselectivity.A gram-scale synthesis and the removal of the directing group further highlight its utility.

关键词： Spiro indene-2,1'-isoindolinones Spiro isochroman-3,1'-isoindolinones 3d Transition metals Cobalt-catalyzed C-H Activation Switchable[4+1]and[4+1+1]spirocyclization Aromatic amides 2-diazo-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione

Comparative Assessment of Impacts of Future Climate Change on Runoff in Upper daqinghe Basin,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第3期34卷 564-578页

作者： INGABIRE Romaine CHANG Yuru LIU xia CAO Bo UMUGWANEZA Adeline shen Yanjun Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Hebei-Key Laboratory of Water Saving AgricultureCenter for Agricultural Re-sources ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050022China Uni-versity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Insti-tute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

Assessing runoff changes is of great importance especially its responses to the projected future climate change on local scale basins because such analyses are generally done on global and regional scales which may lead to generalized conclusions rather than specific *** change affected the runoff variation in the past in the upper daqinghe Basin,however,the climate was mainly considered uncertain and still needs further studies,especially its future impacts on runoff for better water resources management and *** with a set of climate simulations,a daily conceptual hydrological model(MIKE11-NAM)was applied to assess the impact of climate change on runoff conditions in the daomaguan,Fuping and Zijingguan basins in the upper daqinghe *** hydrological data(2008–2017)were used to evaluate the applicability of the MIKE11-NAM *** bias correction,future projected climate change and its impacts on runoff(2025–2054)were analysed and compared to the baseline period(1985–2014)under three shared social economic pathways(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5)scenarios from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)*** MIKE-11 NAM model was applicable in all three Basins,with both R^(2)and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency coefficients greater than 0.6 at daily scale for both calibration(2009–2011)and validation(2012–2017)periods,*** uncertainties remain,temperature and precipitation are projected to increase compared to the baseline where higher increases in precipitation and temperature are projected to occur under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios,respectively in all the *** changes will range between 12%–19%whereas temperature change will be 2.0℃–2.5℃ under the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios,*** addition,higher warming is projected to occur in colder months than in warmer ***,the runoff of these three basins is projected to respond to projected climate changes differe

关键词： runoff climate change MIKE11-NAM model Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6) upper daqinghe Basin,China

Solar energetic particles intensity variations associated with a tilted-dipole 3d corotating interaction region

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第5期8卷 797-810页

作者： YuJi Zhu Fang shen xi Luo Yang Wang BoFeng Tang State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SdIAT) College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology

The effect of a tilted-dipole three-dimensional corotating interaction region(CIR) on the transport and acceleration of solar energetic particles(SEPs) is *** this work,we discussed how the particle intensity longitudinal and radial dependence might be influenced by the background ***,we investigate how the spectral index distribution is modulated by the CIR structure We use the focused transport equation(FTE) to describe the propagation and acceleration of SEPs in a tilt-dipole 3d CIR,generated by the high-resolution 3d magnetohydrodynamic(MHd) *** forward stochastic differential method is used to solve the *** protons with theE～(-4.4)spectrum from 0.5 to 15 MeV are injected uniformly at the heliographic equator of 0.15 *** quantities are extracted along each interplanetary magnetic field(IMF) line to show the *** the tilted-dipole CIR background,if injected from the solar equator at the inner boundary,particles in the slow flow are transported to higher latitudes due to the extension of the IMF lines to higher *** longitudinal patterns of the particles are dominated by the density of IMF *** focusing effect modulates the longitudinal variation of the particle intensity and gives rise to new longitudinal intensity *** adiabatic effect largely increases the intensity fluctuation along the *** structure of the solar wind can also lead to the difference of the index α in the empirical functionI＿(max)=kR～(-α),describing the radial variation of peak intensity according to our *** the influence of the CIR structure,the index α varies from 1.9 to 3.4 at 0.3-1.0 *** variation of the solar wind speed should be considered when estimating the radial dependence of the SEP peak *** spectra indices rise near the CIR boundaries and drop near the stream interface(SI).The adiabatic effect makes the spatial variability of the spectral index *** spectral index could be sim

关键词： solar energetic particle (SEP) corotating interaction regions (CIR) magnetohydrodynamic (MHd)

A"messenger zone hypothesis"based on the visual three-dimensional spatial distribution of motoneurons innervating deep limb muscles

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1559-1567页

作者： Chen Huang shen Wang Jin deng xinyi Gu Shuhang Guo xiaofeng Yin MoE Key Laboratory for Trauma Treatment and Nerve Regeneration Peking UniversityBeijingChina department of Orthopedics and Trauma Peking University People’s HospitalBeijingChina

Coordinated contraction of skeletal muscles relies on selective connections between the muscles and multiple classes of the spinal motoneuro *** r,current research on the spatial location of the spinal motoneurons innervating differe nt muscles is *** this study,we investigated the spatial distribution and relative position of different motoneurons that control the deep muscles of the mouse hindlimbs,which were innervated by the obturator nerve,femoral nerve,inferior gluteal nerve,deep pe roneal nerve,and tibial *** were visualized by combining a multiplex retrograde tracking technique compatible with three-dimensional imaging of solvent-cleared o rgans(3dISCO)and 3-d imaging technology based on lightsheet fluorescence microscopy(LSFM).Additionally,we propose the hypothesis that"messenger zones"exist as interlaced areas between the motoneuron pools that dominate the synergistic or antagonist muscle *** hypothesize that these interlaced neurons may participate in muscle coordination as messenger *** revealed the precise mutual positional relationships among the many motoneurons that innervate different deep muscles of the *** only do these findings update and supplement our knowledge regarding the overall spatial layout of spinal motoneurons that control mouse limb muscles,but they also provide insights into the mechanisms through which muscle activity is coordinated and the architecture of motor circuits.

关键词： 3-d imaging motoneurons multiple retrograde tracing muscle coordination skeletal muscle spatial distribution optical tissue clearing

Laboratory and field evaluation of a low-cost optical particle sizer

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 215-225页

作者： Mingzhen Tang Yicheng shen Yanzhen Ge Jian Gao Chong Wang Liqing Wu Shuchun Si State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Jinan Grid-Based Supervision Center of Ecological and Environmental Protection Jinan 250100China Tai’an Ecological Environment Protection Control Center Tai’an 271000China School of Physics Shandong UniversityJinan 250013China

Low-cost sensors are widely used to collect high-spatial-resolution particulate matter data that traditional reference monitoring devices *** addition to the mass concentration,the number concentration and size distribution are also fundamental in determining the origin and hazard level of particulate ***,low-cost optical sensors have been improved to establish optical particle sizers(OPSs).In this study,a low-cost OPS,the Nova SdS029,is introduced,and it is evaluated in comparison to two reference instruments—the GRIMM 11-d and the TSI *** first tested the sizing accuracy using polystyrene latex ***,we assessed the mass and number size distribution accuracy in three application scenarios:indoor smoking,ambient air quality,and mobile *** evaluations suggest that the low-cost SdS029 rivals research-grade optical sizers in many *** example,(1)the particle diameters obtained with the SdS029 are close to the reference instruments(usuallyd mass concentration are highly correlated(r≥0.99)with the values obtained with the reference instruments;and(3)the SdS029 slightly underestimates the number concentration,but the derived PM_(2.5)values are closer to monitoring station than the reference *** successful application of the SdS029 in multiple scenarios suggests that a plausible particle size distribution can be obtained in an easy and cost-efficient *** believe that low-cost OPSs will increasingly be used to map the sources and risk levels of particles at the city scale.

关键词： Optical particle sizer Particle size distribution Low-cost sensor Evaluation Field application

Size-dependent thermomechanical vibration characteristics of rotating pre-twisted functionally graded shear deformable microbeams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1015-1032页

作者： Songye JIN Bo ZHANG Wuyuan ZHANG Yuxing WANG Huoming shen Jing WANG Juan LIU School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Mechanical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China

A three-dimensional(3d)thermomechanical vibration model is developed for rotating pre-twisted functionally graded(FG)microbeams according to the refined shear deformation theory(RSdT)and the modified couple stress theory(MCST).The material properties are assumed to follow a power-law distribution along the chordwise *** model introduces one axial stretching variable and four transverse deflection variables including two pure bending components and two pure shear *** complex modal analysis and assumed mode methods are used to solve the governing equations of motion under different boundary conditions(BCs).Several examples are presented to verify the effectiveness of the developed *** coupling the slenderness ratio,gradient index,rotation speed,and size effect with the pre-twisted angle,the effects of these factors on the thermomechanical vibration of the microbeam with different BCs are *** is found that with the increase in the pre-twisted angle,the critical slenderness ratio and gradient index corresponding to the thermal instability of the microbeam increase,while the critical material length scale parameter(MLSP)and rotation speed *** sensitivity of the fundamental frequency to temperature increases with the increasing slenderness ratio and gradient index,and decreases with the other increasing ***,the size effect can suppress the dynamic stiffening effect and enhance the Coriolis ***,the mode transition is quantitatively demonstrated by a modal assurance criterion(MAC).

关键词： thermomechanical vibration rotating pre-twisted functionally graded(FG)microbeam refined shear deformation theory(RSdT) modified couple stress theory(MCST) modal assurance criterion(MAC)

Photothermal catalytic C-C coupling to ethylene from CO_(2) with high efficiency by synergistic cooperation of oxygen vacancy and half-metallic WTe_(2)

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 547-556,I0014页

作者： xiaoyue Zhang Yong Yang Yingjie Hu Lijun xiong Tianyu Wang Panjie Li Jinyou shen Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologySchool of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuChina Nanjing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Nanjing Xiaozhuang UniversityNanjing 210094JiangsuChina Jiangsu Environmental Engineering Technology Co.Ltd Nanjing 210019JiangsuChina

Photothermal catalytic CO_(2) conversion provides an effective solution targeting carbon neutrality by synergistic utilization of photon and ***,the C-C coupling initiated by photothermal catalysis is still a big ***,a three-dimensional(3d)hierarchical W_(18)O_(49)/WTe_(2) hollow nanosphere is constructed through in-situ embodying of oxygen vacancy and tellurium on the scaffold of WO_(3).The light absorption towards near-infrared spectral region and CO_(2) adsorption are enhanced by the formation of half-metal WTe_(2) and the unique hierarchical hollow *** with the generation of oxygen vacancy with strengthened CO_(2) capture,the photothermal effect on the samples can be sufficiently exploited for activating the CO_(2) *** particular,the close contact between W_(18)O_(49)and WTe_(2) largely promotes the photoinduced charge separation and mass transfer,and thus the~*CHO intermediate formation and fixedness are *** a result,the C-C coupling can be evoked between tungsten and tellurium atoms on WTe_(2).The ethylene production by optimized W_(18)O_(49)/WTe_(2) reaches 147.6μmol g^(-1)with the selectivity of 80%.The in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(dRIFTS)and density functional theory(dFT)calculations are performed to unveil the presence and significance of aldehyde intermediate groups in C-C *** half-metallic WTe_(2) cocatalyst proposes a new approach for efficient CO_(2) conversion with solar energy,and may especially create a new platform for the generation of multi-carbon products.

关键词： Photothermal catalysis Half-metal WTe_(2) C–C coupling Carbon neutrality

Vortex identification based on the Liutex method and its effect on fish passage upstream

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 130-141页

作者： Chun-ying shen Rui-guo Yang xiao-tao Shi Ming-ming Wang Shi-hua He Faculty of Electrical Power Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500China Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage China Three Gorges UniversityYichang443002China Shanghai Investigation Design and Research Institute Co.LtShanghai200434China

Fishway research is important for mitigating the fragmentation of river habitats caused by hydraulic *** vertical slit fishway is a broadly used fishway type because of its high efficiency and adaptability to water ***,the resulting vortex current disrupts the fish passage hence directly affecting fish *** study aims to accurately capture the vortex structure in the fishway and analyze the effect of vortex elements(vortex structure,vortex intensity,etc.)on *** conducted an analysis of the 3-d current flow field in the fishway through the utilization of an experimental model and the large eddy simulation(LES)***,we captured the vortex information in the fishway at different flow rates using the Liutex vortex identification method and investigated the effect of the vortex on fish *** results revealed that the structures inside the fishway pool occupy most of the room,however,the areas with higher vortex strength were primarily located in the vortex near the vertical seam and the mainstream,the vortex strength inside the fishway gradually increases with increasing flow,suppressing fish *** experienced significantly increased resistance when encountering strong *** suggests that the vortex may act as a physical barrier to fish *** findings highlight the potential negative effects of vortex on fish movement and reiterate the importance of understanding vortex dynamics for aquatic environmental *** an effective tool for identifying vortices in fluid flow,the Liutex method demonstrates features of vortex within the fishway,thereby providing important insights into the interaction between fluid dynamics and aquatic organisms.

关键词： Vertical slit fishway vortex identification method Liutex large eddy simulation(LES) fish experiment computational fluid dynamics

Potential risks of organic contaminated soil after persulfate remediation:Harmful gaseous sulfur release

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 1-9页

作者： Yuyang Long Zixiao Wu xiaodong ding Jiansong Chen dongsheng shen Jiali shentu Cai Hui Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste RecyclingInstrumental Analysis CenterSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310012China Shangyu Yingtai Fine Chemical Co. Ltd.Shaoxing 312000China Hangzhou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Hangzhou 310007China

Persulfate is considered a convenient and efficient remediation agent for organic contaminated ***,the potential risk of sulfur into the soil remediation by persulfate remains *** this study,glass bottles with different persulfate dosages and groundwater tables were set up to simulate persulfate remediation of organic pollutants(aniline).The results found sulfate to be the main end-product(83.0%–99.5%)of persulfate remediation after10 ***,H_(2)S accounted for 93.4%–99.4%of sulfur reduction end-products,suggesting that H_(2)S was the final fate of sulfur.H_(2)S was released rapidly after one to three days at a maximum concentration of 33.0 ppm,which is sufficient to make a person *** to the fitted curve results,H_(2)S concentration decreased to a safe concentration(0.15 ppm)after 20–85 ***,the maximum concentration of methanethiol reached 0.6 *** results indicated that secondary pollution from persulfate remediation could release harmful gases over a long ***,persulfate should be used more carefully as a remediation agent for soil contamination.

关键词： Gaseous sulfur release H_2S Long period potential risk Organic contaminated soil remediation Persulfate

A Calculation Method of double Strength Reduction for Layered Slope Based on the Reduction of Water Content Intensity

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工程与科学中的计算机建模(英文) 2024年第1期138卷 221-243页

作者： Feng shen Yang Zhao Bingyi Li Kai Wu School of Civil Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou215011China R&d department Suzhou Jcon Greenbuild Fabricated Co.Ltd.Suzhou215004China

The calculation of the factor of safety(FOS)is an important means of slope *** paper proposed an improved double strength reductionmethod(dRM)to analyze the safety of layered *** physical properties of different soil layers of the slopes are different,so the single coefficient strength reduction method(SRM)is not enough to reflect the actual critical state of the *** that the water content of the soil in the natural state is the main factor for the strength of the soil,the attenuation law of shear strength of clayey soil changing with water content is *** paper also establishes the functional relationship between different reduction ***,a USdFLd subroutine is programmed using the secondary development function of finite element *** the relationship between field variables and calculation time realizes double strength reduction applicable to the layered ***,by comparing the calculation results of different examples,it is proved that the stress and displacement distribution of the critical slope state obtained by the improved method is more realistic,and the calculated safety factor is more *** newly proposedmethod considers the difference of intensity attenuation between different soil layers under natural conditions and avoids the disadvantage of the strength reduction method with uniform parameters,which provides a new idea and method for stability analysis of layered and complex slopes.

关键词： double strength reduction slopes stability water content factor of safety numerical methods