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Enhancement of Ising superconductivity in monolayer NbSe2 via surface fluorination

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2099-2106页

作者： WU JiZheng SHI wujun WANG Chong DUAN WenHui XU Yong SI chen School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Center for Transformative Science ShanghaiTech University Shanghai High Repetition Rate XFEL and Extreme Light Facility (SHINE) ShanghaiTech University State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua University Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information

Recently discovered Ising superconductors have garnered considerable interest due to their anomalously large in-plane upper critical fields(Bc2). However, the requisite strong spin-orbital coupling in the Ising pairing mechanism generally renders these superconductors heavy-element dominant with notably low superconducting transition temperatures(Tc). Here, based on the Migdal-Eliashberg theory and the mean-field Bogoliubov-de Gennes Hamiltonian, we demonstrate a significant enhancement of Ising superconductivity in monolayer NbSe2through surface fluorination, as evidenced by concomitant improvements in Tcand Bc2. This enhancement arises from three predominant factors. Firstly, fluorine atoms symmetrically and stably adhere to both sides of the monolayer NbSe2, thereby maintaining the out-of-plane mirror symmetry and locking carrier spins out-of-plane.Secondly, fluorination suppresses the charge density wave in monolayer NbSe2and induces a van Hove singularity in the vicinity of the Fermi level, leading to a marked increase in the number of carriers and, consequently, strengthening the electron-phonon coupling(EPC). Lastly, the appearance of fluorine-related, low-frequency phonon modes further augments the EPC. Our findings suggest a promising avenue to elevate Tcin two-dimensional Ising superconductors without compromising their Ising pairing.

关键词： Ising superconductivity surface functionalization upper critical field NbSe 2 first-principles calculations

Advances and challenges in using nirmatrelvir and its derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 infection

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第3期13卷 255-261页

作者： wujun chen Bing Liang Xiaolin Wu Ling Li Chao Wang Dongming Xing Cancer Institute Department of OrthopedicsThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong266071China Qingdao Cancer Institute Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong266071China Department of Pharmacy The Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong519000China School of Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

On December 22,2021,the United States Food and Drug Administration approved the first main protease inhibitor,i.e.,oral antiviral nirmatrelvir(PF-07321332)/ritonavir(Paxlovid),for the treatment of early severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection.Nirmatrelvir inhibits SARSCoV-2 infection,but high doses or long-term treatment may cause embryonic developmental toxicity and changes in host gene expression.The chiral structure of nirmatrelvir plays a key role in its antiviral activity.Ritonavir boosts the efficacy of nirmatrelvir by inactivating cytochrome P4503A4 expression and occupying the plasma protein binding sites.Multidrug resistance protein 1 inhibitors may increase the efficacy of nirmatrelvir.However,Paxlovid has many contraindications.Some patients treated with Paxlovid experience a second round of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)symptoms soon after recovery.Interestingly,the antiviral activity of nirmatrelvir metabolites,such as compounds 12e18,is similar to or higher than that of nirmatrelvir.Herein,we review the advances and challenges in using nirmatrelvir and its derivatives with the aim of providing knowledge for drug developers and physicians in the fight against COVID-19.

关键词： Nirmatrelvir Pharmacology Pharmacokinetics Toxicology Derivatives COVID-19

Selective N-terminal modification of peptides and proteins:Recent progresses and applications

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第1期33卷 80-88页

作者： Hongfei Jiang wujun chen Jie Wang Renshuai Zhang The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Qingdao Cancer Institute Qingdao 266071China

Numerous strategies for linking desired chemical probes with target peptides and proteins have been developed and applied in the field of biological chemistry.Approaches for site-specific modification of native amino acid residues in test tubes and biological contexts represent novel biological tools for understanding the role of peptides and proteins.Selective N-terminal modification strategies have been broadly studied especially in the last 10 years,as N-terminal positions are typically solvent exposed and provide chemically distinct sites for many peptide and protein targets,making N terminus distinct from other functional groups.A growing number of chemical and enzymatic techniques have been developed to modify N-terminal amino acids,and those techniques have the potential in the fields of medicine,basic research and applied materials science.This review focuses on appraising modification methodologies with the potential for biological applications from the past 10 years.

关键词： N-terminal modification N-terminal ligation Terminus modification Peptide modification Protein modification

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Astronomical Knowledge Entity Extraction in Astrophysics Journal Articles via Large Language Models

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 142-157页

作者： wujun Shao Rui Zhang Pengli Ji Dongwei Fan Yaohua Hu Xiaoran Yan chenzhou Cui Yihan Tao Linying Mi Lang chen National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Astronomical Data Center Research Institute of Artificial Intelligence Zhejiang Lab Guilin University Xidian University

Astronomical knowledge entities, such as celestial object identifiers, are crucial for literature retrieval and knowledge graph construction, and other research and applications in the field of astronomy. Traditional methods of extracting knowledge entities from texts face numerous challenging obstacles that are difficult to overcome.Consequently, there is a pressing need for improved methods to efficiently extract them. This study explores the potential of pre-trained Large Language Models(LLMs) to perform astronomical knowledge entity extraction(KEE) task from astrophysical journal articles using prompts. We propose a prompting strategy called PromptKEE, which includes five prompt elements, and design eight combination prompts based on them. We select four representative LLMs(Llama-2-70B, GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and Claude 2) and attempt to extract the most typical astronomical knowledge entities, celestial object identifiers and telescope names, from astronomical journal articles using these eight combination prompts. To accommodate their token limitations, we construct two data sets: the full texts and paragraph collections of 30 articles. Leveraging the eight prompts, we test on full texts with GPT-4and Claude 2, on paragraph collections with all LLMs. The experimental results demonstrate that pre-trained LLMs show significant potential in performing KEE tasks, but their performance varies on the two data sets. Furthermore,we analyze some important factors that influence the performance of LLMs in entity extraction and provide insights for future KEE tasks in astrophysical articles using LLMs. Finally, compared to other methods of KEE,LLMs exhibit strong competitiveness in multiple aspects.

关键词： astronomical databases: miscellaneous methods: data analysis virtual observatory tools

Enhancement of Ising superconductivity in monolayer NbSevia surface fluorination

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年

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New insights into the suppression of inflammation and lipid accumulation by JAZF1

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第6期10卷 2457-2469页

作者： wujun chen Yingjie Zhong Yang Yuan Meng Zhu Wenchao Hu Ning Liu Dongming Xing Cancer Institute Department of NeurosurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao UniversityQingdao Cancer InstituteQingdaoShandong 266071China Department of Endocrinology Qilu Hospital(Qingdao)Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityQingdaoShandong 266035China School of Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of disease and death worldwide.The identification of new therapeutic targets and agents is critical.JAZF1 is expressed in many tissues and is found at particularly high levels in adipose tissue(AT).JAZF1 suppresses inflammation(including IL-1β,IL-4,IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,TNFα,IFN-γ,IAR-20,COL3A1,laminin,and MCP-1)by reducing NF-κB pathway activation and AT immune cell infiltration.JAZF1 reduces lipid accumulation by regulating the liver X receptor response element(LXRE)of the SREBP-1c promoter,the cAMP-response element(CRE)of HMGCR,and the TR4 axis.LXRE and CRE sites are present in many cytokine and lipid metabolism gene promoters,which suggests that JAZF1 regulates these genes through these sites.NF-κB is the center of the JAZF1-mediated inhibition of the inflammatory response.JAZF1 suppresses NF-κB expression by suppressing TAK1 expression.Interestingly,TAK1 inhibition also decreases lipid accumulation.A dual-targeting strategy of NF-κB and TAK1 could inhibit both inflammation and lipid accumulation.Dual-target compounds(including prodrugs)1–5 exhibit nanomolar inhibition by targeting NF-κB and TAK1,EGFR,or COX-2.However,the NF-κB suppressing activity of these compounds is relatively low(IC50>300 nM).Compounds 6–14 suppress NF-κB expression with IC50 values ranging from 1.8 nM to 38.6 nM.HS-276 is a highly selective,orally bioavailable TAK1 inhibitor.Combined structural modifications of compounds using a prodrug strategy may enhance NF-κB inhibition.This review focused on the role and mechanism of JAZF1 in inflammation and lipid accumulation for the identification of new anti-atherosclerotic targets.

关键词： Atherosclerosis CRE JAZF1 LXRE NF-κB TAK1

An overview of the configuration and manipulation of soft robotics for on-orbit servicing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第8期60卷 6-24页

作者： Zhongliang JING Lingfeng QIAO Han PAN Yongsheng YANG wujun chen School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Space Structures Research Centre Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Soft robots refer to robots that are softer and more flexible when compared with conventional rigidbodied robots. Soft robots are adapted to unstructured environments due to their flexibility, deformability and energy-absorbing properties. Thus, they have tremendous application prospects in on-orbit servicing(OOS).This study discusses the configuration and manipulation of soft robotics. Usually, learning from living beings is used to develop the configurations of most soft robots. In this study, typical soft robots are introduced based on what they mimic. The discussion of manipulation is divided into two parts, namely actuation and control.The study also involves describing and comparing several types of actuations. Studies on the control of soft robots are also reviewed. In this study, potential application of soft robotics for on-orbit servicing is analyzed.A hybrid configuration and manipulation of space soft robots for future research are proposed based on the current development of soft robotics, and some challenges are discussed.

关键词： soft robot on-orbit servicing biological inspiration configuration manipulation

Distance-directed Target Searching for a Deep Visual Servo SMA Driven Soft Robot Using Reinforcement Learning

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第6期17卷 1126-1138页

作者： Wuji Liu Zhongliang Jing Han Pan Lingfeng Qiao Henry Leung wujun chen School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Deparment of Elecrical and Computer Engineering University of CalgaryCalgary AB 72N 1N4Canada School of Naval Architecture Ocean&Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Performing complex tasks by soft robots in constrained environment remains an enormous challenge owing to the limitations of flexible mechanisms and control methods.In this paper,a novel biomimetic soft robot driven by Shape Memory Alloy(SMA)with light weight and multi-motion abilities is introduced.We adapt deep learning to perceive irregular targets in an unstructured environment.Aiming at the target searching task,an intelligent visual servo control algorithm based on Q-leaming is proposed to generate distance-directed end effector locomotion.In particular,a threshold reward system for the target searching task is proposed to enable a certain degree of tolerance for pointing errors.In addition,the angular velocity and working space of the end effector with load and without load based on the established coupling kinematic model are presented.Our framework enables the trained soft robot to take actions and perform target searching.Realistic experiments under different conditions demonstrate the convergence of the learning process and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： biomimetic soft robot SMA deep visual servo Q-leaming

长期利尿剂与限钠法在治疗慢性肾病高血压患者中的应用

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四川医学 2024年第4期45卷 415-421页

作者：林武君陈德政彭李简阳市人民医院肾内科四川成都641400

目的探讨长期利尿剂与限钠法在治疗慢性肾病(CKD)高血压患者的应用效果。方法选取2019年9月至2021年3月我院肾内科收治的26例CKD高血压患者,所有患者均接受阿米洛利/氢氯噻嗪(每天5 mg/50 mg)和膳食钠(60 mmol/d)限制治疗。分析两种... 详细信息

目的探讨长期利尿剂与限钠法在治疗慢性肾病(CKD)高血压患者的应用效果。方法选取2019年9月至2021年3月我院肾内科收治的26例CKD高血压患者,所有患者均接受阿米洛利/氢氯噻嗪(每天5 mg/50 mg)和膳食钠(60 mmol/d)限制治疗。分析两种干预措施对血压、肾功能和体液平衡的影响,将其与利尿剂的肾脏清除率相关联。结果饮食钠限制将钠排泄从每天160 mmol/L减少到64 mmol/L;与钠限制(SBP从134 mmHg到129 mmHg)相比,利尿剂使24 h平均收缩压(SBP从138到124 mmHg)产生更大的降低作用,并且对细胞外水、肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、血浆肾素和醛固酮有显著影响;两种干预措施都导致体质量和氨基末端脑钠肽前体下降,没有显著降低白蛋白尿,而利尿剂却显著降低了尿血管紧张素原和β2-微球蛋白的排泄;尽管较低的eGFR和较高的血浆硫酸吲哚酚与较低的利尿剂清除率相关,但在较低的eGFR下仍维持了对体质量和血压的利尿作用。在利尿剂治疗期间,较高的前列腺素E2排泄与较低的游离水清除率相关,4例患者出现轻度低钠血症。结论长期利尿剂在降低CKD的血压和细胞外容量方面不劣于饮食钠盐限制。尽管利尿剂清除率较低,但CKD患者仍能维持对利尿剂的敏感性。

关键词：长期利尿剂限钠法慢性肾病高血压肾脏清除率

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