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Assessment of metastatic liver disease in patients with primary extrahepatic tumors by contrast-enhanced sonography versus CT and MRI

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第11期12卷 1699-1705页

作者： Christoph F Dietrich wolfgang Kratzer Deike Strobel Etienne Danse Robert Fessl Alfred Bunk Udo Vossas Karlheinz Hauenstein Wilhelm Koch wolfgang blank Matthijs Oudkerk Dietbert Hahn Christian Greis Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ Johann wolfgang Goethe University Hospital 60590 FrankfurtGermany Department of Internal Medicine Ⅰ University Hospital Ulm 89070Germany Medical Clinic Ⅰ University Hospital Erlangen 91054Germany Department of Radiology University Hospital St.Luc Brussels 1200Belgium Department of Radiology Central Hospital Augsburg 86156Germany Department for Visceral Thoracic and Vascular Surgery University HospitalDresden 01307Germany Department of Radiology Marien Hospital DUsseldorf 40479Germany Department of Radiology University Hospital Rostock 18055Germany Medical Clinic Ⅱ Leopoldina Hospital Schweinfurt 97422Germany Department of Internal Medicine Hospital am Steinenberg Reutlingen 72764Germany Department of Radiology University Hospital Groningen 9700Netherlands Department of Radiology University Hospital Würzburg 97080Germany Clinical Research Bracco Altana Pharma Konstanz 78467Germany

AIM： To evaluate contrast-enhanced ultrasonography （CEUS） using SonoVue in the detection of liver metastases in patients with known extrahepatic primary tumors versus the combined gold standard comprising CT, MRI and clinical/histological data. METHODS： It is an international multicenter study, and there were 12 centres and 125 patients （64 males, 61 females, aged 59 ± 11 years） involved, with 102 patients per protocol. Primary tumors were colorectal in 35%, breast in 27%, pancreatic in 17% and others in 21%. CEUS using SonoVue was employed with a Iow-mechanical-index technique and contrast-specific software using Siemens Elegra, Philips HDI 5000 and Acuson Sequoia; continuous scanning for at least five minutes. RESULTS： CEUS with SonoVue increased significantly the number of focal liver lesions detected versus unenhanced sonography. In 31.4% of the patients, more lesions were found after contrast enhancement. The total numbers of lesions detected were comparable with CEUS （55）, triple-phase spiral CT （61） and HRI with a liverspecific contrast agent （53）. Accuracy of detection of metastatic disease （i.e. at least one metastatic lesion） was significantly higher for CEUS （91.2%） than for unenhanced sonography （81.4%） and was similar to that of triple-phase spiral CT （89.2 %）. In 53 patients whose CEUS examination was negative, a follow-up examination 3-6 months later confirmed the absence of metastatic lesions in 50 patients （94.4%）. CONCLUSION： CEUS is proved to be reliable in the detection of liver metastases in patients with known extrahepatic primary tumors and suspected liver lesions.

关键词： CT MRI Metastasis Detection SonoVue

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Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans(phylum Bryozoa,class Gymnolaemata):crystallography and secretion patterns

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第3期6卷 405-424页

作者： Christian Grenier Erika Griesshaber wolfgang Schmahl Björn Berning Antonio G.Checa Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología Universidad de Granada18071 GranadaSpain Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de La Tierra CSIC-Universidad de Granada18100 ArmillaSpain Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig-Maximilians Universität80333 MunichGermany Institute for Geology University of Hamburg20146 HamburgGermany

Gymnolaemata bryozoans produce CaCO3 skeletons of either calcite,aragonite,or *** extensive research,their crystallography and biomineralization patterns remain *** present a detailed study of the microstructures,min-eralogy,and crystallography of eight extant cheilostome species using scanning electron microscopy,electron backscatter diffraction,atomic force microscopy,and micro-computed *** distinguished five basic microstructures,three calcitic(tabular,irregularly platy,and granular),and two aragonitic(granular-platy and fibrous).The calcitic microstruc-tures consist of crystal aggregates that transition from tabular or irregularly platy to granular *** aragonite consists of fibers arranged into *** all cases,the crystallographic textures are axial,and stronger in aragonite than in calcite,with the c-axis as the fiber *** reconstruct the biomineralization sequence in the different species by considering the distribution and morphology of the growth fronts of crystals and the location of the secretory *** bimineralic species,calcite formation always predates aragonite *** interior compound walls,growth proceeds from the cuticle toward the zooecium *** conclude that,with the exception of tabular calcite,biomineralization is remote and occurs within a relatively wide extrapallial space,which is consistent with the inorganic-like appearance of the *** biomineralization mode is rare among invertebrates.

关键词： Biomineralization Bryozoan Skeleton Calcite Aragonite Electron backscatter diffraction

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EVA NEXUS-Phaco performance study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1447-1452页

作者： Lukas Feldhaus Andreas Ohlmann Stefan Kassumeh Siegfried Priglinger wolfgang Mayer Department of Ophthalmology University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80336Germany

AIM:To investigate a novel phacoemulsification system“EVA NEXUS”(D.O.R.C.,Dutch Opthalmic Research Center)in comparison to the existing system“EVA”in clinical *** to compare both phacoemulsification systems in terms of efficiency,safety and postoperative inflammatory ***:In this study standardized cataract surgery was performed on both eyes of the study participant,using the“EVA system”(control group,n=20)on one eye and the“EVA NEXUS system”(intervention group,n=20)on the other *** patients with cataract LOCS Grading 1-3 and no accompanying eye diseases were included in this study.A total of 20 patients were included in this study,with each treatment arm including 20 *** surgery a 0.1 mL aqueous humor sample was collected 1min after phacoemulsification to measure the total prostaglanin E2 concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** endothelial cell count,visual and refractive outcomes,and anterior chamber flare were evaluated preoperatively,and 1d,1wk,and 3mo ***:There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding intraoperative safety parameters including effective phacoemulsification time(P=0.904),balanced saline solution flow(P=0.701)and total surgery time(P=0.565).Postoperative prostaglandin E2 levels,anterior chamber flare as well as endothelial cell loss tended to be lower in the NEXUS-Group,however not being statistically significant(P=0.718;0.164;0.486).Both systems provided similar clinical outcomes,regarding best corrected visual acuity and refractive parameters,showing no statistically significant differences between both ***:Both systems show a high level of safety and efficency with similar results in terms of safety parameters including postoperative inflammatory activity and endothelial cell loss as well as visual and refractive *** statistically not significant,the EVA NEXUS system tends to cause less postoperative inflammatio

关键词： cataract surgery phacoemulsification fluidics instrument

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Going deep:Roots,carbon,and analyzing subsoil carbon dynamics

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 1-3页

作者： Ezhilmathi Angela Joseph Fernando Michael Selvaraj Yusaku Uga wolfgang Busch Hunt Bowers Joe Tohme Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraAprtado Aereo 6713Cali 763537Colombia National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences(NIAS) TsukubaIbaraki 305-0856Japan Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 N Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA 92037USA Earth Optics Suite 840ArlingtonVA 22202USA

Agricultural practices currently contribute to the emission of approximately 10%–12%atmospheric greenhouse gasses,with tillage agriculture accelerating soil disruption and carbon dioxide ***,various options exist,such as converting new lands for agriculture,promoting healthier plant-based diets,adopting advanced management technologies,and minimizing food ***,these measures alone are insufficient to ensure environmental sustainability within planetary boundaries.

关键词： soil measures carbon

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Hierarchical CoFe@N-Doped Carbon Decorated Wood Carbon as Bifunctional Cathode in Wearable Zn-Air Battery

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 42-50页

作者： Kelong Ao Xiangyang Zhang Renat R.Nazmutdinov Di Wang Jihong Shi Xian Yue Jianguo Sun wolfgang Schmickler Walid A.Daoud Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Kazan National Research Technological University 420015 KazanRussian Federation School of Textile and Garment Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu 241000China Wood Materials Science Institute for Building MaterialsETH Zürich8093 ZürichSwitzerland Am Sandhaken 18 D-89069 UlmGermany

Rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZAB)have drawn extensive attention due to their eco-friendliness and ***,the lack of high-performance and low-cost oxygen redox reactions(OER and ORR)catalysts has become one of the main stumbling blocks in their ***,we successfully fabricate a CoFe nanobubble encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon nanocage on wood carbon support(CoFe@NC/WC)via pyrolysis of a novel Prussian blue analog(PBA)/spruce *** hierarchical CoFe@NC/WC catalyst exhibits an excellent potential difference of 0.74 V between the OER potential at 10 mA cm^(-2)and half-wave potential of ORR in 0.1 M KOH,comparable to recently reported preeminent ***,CoFe@NC/WC shows outstanding electrochemical performance in liquid ZAB,with a peak power density of 138.9 mW cm^(-2)and a specific capacity of 763.5 mAh g^(-1).More importantly,a bacterial cellulose nanofiber reinforced polyacrylic acid(BC-PAA)hydrogel electrolyte shows ultrahigh tensile-breaking stress of 1.58 *** conjunction with the as-prepared CoFe@NC/WC catalyst,BC-PAA-based wearable ZAB displays impressive rechargeability and foldability,and can power portable electronics,such as electronic timer and mobile phone,in bent *** work provides a new approach toward high-activity and low-cost catalysts for ZAB.

关键词： biomass-based catalyst DFT computation hydrogel electrolyte oxygen redox reactions wearable Zn-air battery

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Towards engineering a portable platform for laparoscopic pre-training in virtual reality with haptic feedback

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第2期6卷 83-99页

作者： Hans-Georg ENKLER wolfgang KUNERT Stefan PFEFFER Kai-Jonas BOCK Steffen AXT Jonas JOHANNINK Christoph REICH Furtwangen University 78120 FurtwangenGermany University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Tuebingen 72076 TuebingenGermany

Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the *** some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training through practical exercises on abstracted and reduced *** The authors strive for a portable,easy to use and cost-effective Virtual Reality-based(VR)laparoscopic pre-training platform and therefore address the question of how such a system has to be designed to achieve the quality of today's gold standard using real tissue *** VR controllers are limited regarding haptic *** haptic feedback is necessary or at least beneficial for laparoscopic surgery training,the platform to be developed consists of a newly designed prototype laparoscopic VR controller with haptic feedback,a commercially available head-mounted display,a VR environment for simulating a laparoscopic surgery,and a training *** To take full advantage of benefits such as repeatability and cost-effectiveness of VR-based training,the system shall not require a tissue sample for haptic *** is currently calculated and visually displayed to the user in the VR *** the prototype controller,a first axis was provided with perceptible feedback for test *** of the prototype VR controllers can be combined to simulate a typical both-handed use case,e.g.,laparoscopic suturing.A Unity based VR prototype allows the execution of simple standard *** The first prototype enables full operation of a virtual laparoscopic instrument in *** addition,the simulation can compute simple interaction *** challenges lie in a realistic real-time tissue simulation and calculation of forces for the haptic *** weaknesses were identified in the first hardware prototype,which will be improved in subsequent *** degrees of freedom of the controller are to be provided with haptic *** make forces t

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Training Virtual reality Controller Haptic feedback Kinesthetic skills

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Customized molecular tools to strengthen metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria

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Green Carbon 2024年第2期2卷 149-163页

作者： Stephan Klähn Franz Opel wolfgang R.Hess Department of Solar Materials Biotechnology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZLeipzig 04318Germany Genetics and Experimental Bioinformatics Albert-Ludwig University FreiburgFreiburg im Breisgau 79104Germany

Cyanobacteria are promising oxygenic phototrophs for the production of various *** their(photo)biotechnological exploitation,molecular tools are required,such as,for the introduction and expression of heterologous genes,or the modulation of enzyme activities or entire *** and strategies for the development of photosynthetic biomanufacturing technologies based on cyanobacteria have been extensively reviewed,as well as certain specialized aspects of their genetic ***,options for metabolic engineering of specific cyanobacterial cells are still less developed than those for other bacteria of biotechnological *** addition to the standard genetic toolbox for“classical”metabolic engineering,we emphasize certain aspects,including recently developed vector systems for the extrachromosomal maintenance of genes and approaches based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)*** highlight the development of custom molecular tools for specific strains or products,discuss the emerging use of small regulatory proteins that appear promising for advanced metabolic engineering approaches to promote specific product formation,and provide an overview of suitable online ***,we discuss the current trends in this field and indicate their potential,such as using suitable product sensors that enable systematic screening,and optimization approaches.

关键词： Metabolic engineering Cyanobacteria Synthetic plasmids Regulatory proteins Sensors

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An evaluation of prevention initiatives by 53 national anti-doping organizations: Achievements and limitations

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第3期9卷 228-239页

作者： Katharina Gatterer Matthias Gumpenberger Marie Overbye Bernhard Streicher wolfgang Schobersberger Cornelia blank Institute of Sports Medicine Alpine Medicine&Health TourismPrivate University for Health SciencesMedical Informatics and TechnologyHall in TirolTyrol 6060Austria Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport University of StirlingStirling FK94LAUK Institute of Psychology Private University for Health SciencesMedical Informatics and TechnologyHall in TirolTyrol 6060Austria Tirol Clinics(Tirol-Kliniken) Tyrol 6020Austria

Background: One main purpose of the World Anti-Doping Agency was to harmonize anti-doping efforts, including the provision of anti-doping education. A multifaceted approach to doping prevention can play a key role in preventing intentional and unintentional doping. This article aimed to systematically record and evaluate doping prevention approaches in the form of information and education activities of national antidoping organizations(NADOs) and assess the extent to which a multifaceted doping prevention approach has been ***: Data on anti-doping information and education activities of 53 NADOs were collected via a survey and an online search of the NADOs' websites. Prevention activities were classified into knowledge focused, affective focused, social skills, life skills, and ethic-and *** implementation of the prevention activities was assessed by 4 independent raters using a modified visual analogue ***: In total, 59% of the NADOs(n = 38) returned the survey and 70%(n = 45) had information available online. The data were combined for the visual analogue scale assessment. Overall, 58% of the NADOs(n = 37) reported offering activities including elements of all 5 *** of the raters' assessments indicated that the knowledge-focused approach was best implemented;the implementation of the other 4 approaches was largely unsatisfactory. The most common barriers to implementing doping prevention programs reported by the NADOs were lack of resources(n = 26) and difficulties in collaborating with sports organizations(n = 8).Conclusion: Results show a discrepancy between NADOs' self-report data and the implementation assessment. Even though the NADOs indicated otherwise, most of their education-based approaches did not address aspects of the visual analogue scale(e.g., resisting peer pressure) and only a few programs were ongoing. Possible explanations might be found in the reported barriers(e.g., financial). Concrete guideli

关键词： Anti-doping program Doping prevention Education Harmonization NADO

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A Maintenance Service Improvement Approach Based on Queue Networks: Application

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 425-440页

作者： Aslain Brisco Ngnassi Djami wolfgang Nzié Boukar Ousman Joseph Nkongho Anyi Ulrich Ngnassi Nguelcheu Department of Fundamental Sciences and Techniques of Engineer Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries School University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Laboratory of Mechanics Materials and Photonics National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Electrical Engineering Energy and Automation National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Laboratory E3M Faculty of Industrial Engineering University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The quest to increase the performance of production systems that have become complex leads to the transfer to the maintenance function of the responsibility of guaranteeing the availability of such systems. Also, we will never stop saying that maintenance must integrate into all of the company’s initiatives, to affirm its role, which is to ensure greater availability and sustainability of the means of production. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the reliability and availability of a system without knowing the distribution law of the operating times. Among the methods for evaluating dependability criteria (Fault Trees, Petri Nets, etc.), we are interested in queues that have the advantage of taking into account functional dependencies, thus allowing a quantified optimization of maintenance. Indeed, queues make it possible to model parallel or sequential processes, implementing operations taking place at the same time or one after the other, meeting the needs of modeling production systems. The main result of this paper is the study of the influence of availability on the reliability of a multi-state production system.

关键词： Markov Chains Queues Availability Reliability Maintenance

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“暴风雪”出没注意!俄罗斯与核武器(上)

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海陆空天惯性世界 2024年第2期 2-7页

作者：斯蒂芬·布兰克长弓(编译) 不详

译自美国陆军作战学院《俄罗斯核武器:过去、现在和未来》系列研究报告(斯蒂芬·布兰克/Stephen ***主编)第七章。许多美国政府以及非政府分析人士都坚持认为,核武器在军事和政治层次的重要性正在不断降低。此类武器充其量只能用于对其... 详细信息

译自美国陆军作战学院《俄罗斯核武器:过去、现在和未来》系列研究报告(斯蒂芬·布兰克/Stephen ***主编)第七章。许多美国政府以及非政府分析人士都坚持认为,核武器在军事和政治层次的重要性正在不断降低。此类武器充其量只能用于对其他核武器形成威慢作用,而常规武器正在迅速实现与核武器相近的作战能力,这使得有关方面对核武器的军事-政治用途日趋怀疑。

关键词：布兰克核武器俄罗斯美国政府政治层次暴风雪常规武器非政府

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