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Microplastic exposure disturbs sleep structure,reduces lifespan,and decreases ovary size in Drosophila melanogaster

Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 805-820页

作者： Wei Yan Zi-Jie Li Zi-Yi Lin Shu-Qin Ji william Ka Fai Tse Zhi-Qiang Meng chang Liu Lei Li Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China cAS Key Laboratory of Brain connectome and Manipulation the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology Center for Promotion of International Education and ResearchFaculty of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaFukuoka 819-0395Japan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain connectome and Behavior Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China

The organ-specific toxicity resulting from microplastic(MP)exposure has been extensively explored,particularly concerning the gut,liver,testis,and ***,under natural conditions,these effects are not restricted to specific organs or *** whether MP exposure presents a systemic threat to an entire organism,impacting factors such as lifespan,sleep,and fecundity,is *** this study,we investigated the effects of dietary exposure to two different doses of MPs(1–5μm)using the terrestrial model organism Drosophila *** indicated that the particles caused gut damage and remained within the digestive *** MP exposure significantly shortened the lifespan of adult *** short-term exposure disrupted sleep patterns,increasing the length of daytime sleep ***,one week of MP exposure reduced ovary size,with a trend towards decreased egg-laying in mated *** MPs did not penetrate the brain or ovaries,transcriptome analysis revealed altered gene expression in these *** the ovary,Gene Ontology(GO)analysis indicated genotoxic effects impacting inflammation,circadian regulation,and metabolic processes,with significant impacts on extracellular structure-related *** the brain,GO analysis identified changes in pathways associated with proteolysis and carbohydrate ***,this study provides compelling evidence of the systemic negative effects of MP exposure,highlighting the urgent need to address and mitigate environmental MP pollution.

关键词： Microplastics Sleep Lifespan Reproduction Risk assessment Drosophila melanogaster

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chlorantraniliprole exposure aggravates high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in mice by regulating gut microbiota and its metabolites

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Ting Gu Jie Lin Jiani Yang william Mumby Quancai Sun Ye Peng Faculty of Medicine， Macau University of Science and Technology School of Food and Biological Engineering， Jiangsu University Department of Health， Nutrition， and Food Sciences， Florida State University

Food contaminants， particularly insecticides， are important factors contributing to obesity and other adverse effects. As the most widely used diamide insecticide worldwide， chlorantraniliprole (cP) is ubiquitous in food and the environment. However， the influence of cP on obesity and the gut microbiota remains unknown. In this study， we administered cP/carboxymethyl cellulose sodium to c57BL/6J mice with a high-fat diet (HFD) via gavage for 13 weeks. The cP exposure induced significant increases in body weight gain， fat mass， serum total cholesterol (Tc)， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c). Moreover， cP aggravated the imbalance in the gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of obesity-associated bacteria and reducing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Based on untargeted metabolomics analysis， cP was found to be involved in the regulation of pathways including ‘alanine， aspartate and glutamate metabolism’ and ‘arginine and proline metabolism’. Notably， cP exposure primarily induced alterations in microbial metabolites within these pathways， such as L-(+)-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid. Additionally， individual metabolites， such as the lipid mediator (oleoyl ethanolamide)， also demonstrated alterations upon cP exposure. Furthermore， Spearman correlation analysis revealed several noteworthy associations between microbial alterations， metabolite changes， and phenotypes. The results of the study demonstrate a connection between microbiota， metabolites， and the effects of cP exposure on HFD-induced obesity， elucidating the critical role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the toxic effects of cP.

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Social and Economic considerations for creating Sustainable climate change Haven communities

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第1期15卷 76-93页

作者： Elizabeth c. Hirschman william Bourgin Angel castilla caitlin Glover caitlyn Justice Manuel Munoz Braydon Thompson Justin Snider Olivia Toomer Department of Business and Economics University of Virginia-Wise Wise USA

As climate change Haven communities are constructed across the Northern Hemisphere, it will be necessary to attract two types of migrants to populate them. The first group consists of professionals and companies in eco-sustainable businesses, such as law firms, insurance companies, investment firms, banking, technological innovation, mass media, medical research and pharmaceutical research. The second group will consist of persons engaged in organic/eco-sustainable agriculture whose crops and animal husbandry practices can be transferred successfully to climate change Haven regions. The present research focuses on the social and economic variables that must be taken into account to insure that each new climate change Haven community becomes successfully integrated with the local population and forms a cohesive, harmonious social structure. Examples are given from the United States, France, Spain, Portugal and Italy.

关键词： climate change Haven community Sustainability Organic/Eco Farming Internal Migration Social Integration

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canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling: Multilayered mediators, signaling mechanisms and major signaling crosstalk

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 103-134页

作者： Kevin Qin Michael Yu Jiaming Fan Hongwei Wang Piao Zhao Guozhi Zhaoo Wei Zeng connie chen Yonghui Wang Annie Wang Zander Schwartz Jeffrey Hong Lily Song william Wagstaff Rex c.Haydon Hue H.Luu Sherwin H.Ho Jason Strelzow Russell R.Reid Tong-chuan He Lewis L.Shi chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Interventional Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China Department of clinical Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China School of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA Laboratory of craniofacial Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA

Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and *** Wnt ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via binding to Frizzled receptors and LRP5/6 coreceptors and transducing the signal either throughβ-catenin in the canonical pathway or through a series of other proteins in the nonca-nonical *** of the individual components of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling have additional functions throughout the body,establishing the complex interplay between Wnt signaling and other signaling *** crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways gives Wnt signaling a vital role in many cellular and organ ***-regulation of this system has been implicated in many diseases affecting a wide array of organ systems,including cancer and embryological defects,and can even cause embryonic *** complexity of this system and its interacting proteins have made Wnt signaling a target for many therapeutic ***,both stimulatory and inhibitory treatments come with potential risks that need to be *** review synthesized much of the current knowl-edge on the Wnt signaling pathway,beginning with the history of Wnt *** thoroughly described the different variants of Wnt signaling,including canonical,noncanonical Wnt/PcP,and the noncanonical Wnt/ca2+*** description involved each of its components and their involvement in other cellular ***,this review explained the various other pathways and processes that crosstalk with Wnt signaling.

关键词： β-catenin canonical Wnt Noncanonical Wnt Signal transduction Signaling crosstalk

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Using Natural Radionuclides to Trace Sources of Suspended Particles in the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2024年第1期23卷 99-108页

作者： ZHANG Han BURNETT cwilliam ZHANG Xiaojie ZHAO Shibin YANG Disong NAN Haiming YU Zhigang XU Bochao Frontiers Science center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and TechnologyMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China college of chemistry and chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA North china Sea Environmental Monitoring center State Oceanic AdministrationKey Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai SeaMNRQingdao 266033China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Qingdao 266033China

Natural radionuclides are powerful tools for understanding the sources and fate of suspended particulate matter(SPM).Particulate matter with different particle sizes behaves differently with respect to adsorption and *** analyzed the activi-ties and distribution characteristics of multiple natural radionuclides(238U,226Ra,40K,228Ra,7Be and 210Pbex)on size-fractionated SPM at the Lijin Hydrographic Station(Huanghe or Yellow River)every month over a one-year *** showed that medium silt(16–32µm)was the main *** expected,the activity of each radionuclide decreased with an increase of particle *** examined the sources of SPM with different particle sizes using activity ratios of 226Ra/238U,228Ra/226Ra,40K/238U and 7Be/210Pbex,and concluded that SPM with different particle sizes originated from different *** results indicate that fine SPM(ches of the Yellow River,while coarse SPM(>32µm)was mainly derived from resuspension of riverbed *** high runoff periods,the concentration of SPM increased significantly,and the pro-portion of fine particles originating upstream *** occurring radioactive isotopes,especially on size-fractionated par-ticles,are therefore seen as useful tracers to understand the sources and behaviors of riverine particles transported from land to sea.

关键词： the Yellow River suspended particulate matter size-fractions radionuclides sediment sources water elutriator

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Drought Tolerance and Recovery of the Sedge carex planostachys (cyperaceae) from central Texas Woodlands

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 746-765页

作者： E. Rob Wayne Oscar william Van Auken Natural Sciences Department St. Philips College San Antonio USA Department of Integrative Biology The University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio USA

carex planostachys Kunze (cyperaceae, cedar sedge) is an herbaceous species in a genus commonly inhabiting mesic or hydric habitats. carex planostachys is found in arid and semi-arid Juniperus woodlands. Arid conditions impose survival challenges to plants in dry areas. Some plants have plasticity responses to soil water content and continued normal though reduced functions through droughts, but most herbaceous plants do not survive. Limited previous studies have suggested c. planostachys is tolerant of drought. Physiological responses of c. planostachys from Juniperus woodlands was examined is this study to determine how long plants could survive without water and if they are capable of recovery from very negative water potentials beyond what is considered the permanent wilting point for most herbaceous plants. Plants were placed in pots in partial shade in this experiment. Water loss from the soil with plants was an inverse 2nd order polynomial function with soil water decreasing from 32% to 8% by day 28 of the study. Leaf water potential was also an inverse 2nd order polynomial function but did not decline significantly until 14 days without watering. Leaf water potential was −10.0 MPa after 35 days without watering. Non-watered plants Anet, (photosynthetic rate) was significantly lower compared to the water treatment by day 21 as was stomatal conductance and transpiration. When non-watered plants were watered after 21, 28 or 35 days, full recovery of physiological responses occurred within 7 days. The length of time that c. planostachys was able to withstand drought was greater than the annual trends in lack of precipitation during springtime in this area. carex planostachys can photosynthesize at water stress between −8 and −10 MPa. carex planostachys drought and shade tolerance enables it to occupy an understory niche devoid of other herbaceous plants.

关键词： cO2 Uptake conductance Gas Exchange Photosynthesis Respiration Transpiration Water Stress Water Potential.

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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da Silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de cASTRO JoséJúlio DE TOLEDO Gustavo GRAcIOLLI Lucio AndréVIANA DIAS william Douglas cARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y cambio Global(cIBc-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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Photonic crystal Fibers

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 11-12页

作者： william J. Wadsworth Jonathan c. knight william H. Reeves Philip St.J. Russell Department of Physics University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK.Department of Physics University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK.Department of Physics University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK.Department of Physics University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK.

By offering greatly enhanced control of light compared to conventional step-index structures, photonic crystal fibres are radically improving the performance of linear and nonlinear fibre devices, including gas-Raman ... 详细信息

关键词： PcF of or Photonic crystal Fibers in

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cytoplasmic domain of tissue factor promotes liver fibrosis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第31期23卷 5692-5699页

作者： Virginia knight Dinushka Lourensz Jorge Tchongue Jeanne correia Peter Tipping william Sievert centre for Inflammatory Diseases Department of MedicineSchool of Clinical SciencesMonash University Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Monash Health

To evaluate the role of tissue factor (TF) and protease activated receptor (PAR)-2 in liver fibrosis. METHODSUsing ccl4 administration for eight weeks, we induced hepatic fibrosis in wild-type c57BL/6 mice and in mice with deletion of the cytoplasmic signalling domain of TF (TF§cT/§cT), deletion of PAR-2 (PAR-2-/-) and combined deletion of TF signalling domain and PAR-2 (TF§cT/§cT/PAR-2-/-). Hepatic fibrosis area was assessed by quantitative imaging of picrosirius red staining. Hepatic collagen content was assessed by hydroxyproline levels. Hepatic stellate cells (αSMA positive) and hepatic macrophages (cD68 positive) were identified by immunohistochemistry. Hepatic gene expression was determined by PcR and liver TGFβ1 content by ELISA. RESULTSccl4 treated mice with deletion of the PAR-2 gene (PAR-2-/-) and the cytoplasmic domain of TF (TF§cT/§cT) developed significantly less hepatic fibrosis, characterised by reduced liver fibrosis area and hydroxyproline content, compared to control wildtype mice treated with ccl4. The observed reduction in histological fibrosis was accompanied by a significant decrease in the hepatic content of TGFβ, the prototypic fibrogenic cytokine, as well as fewer activated hepatic stellate cells and hepatic macrophages. Deletion of the TF cytoplasmic signalling domain reduced hepatic fibrosis to levels similar to those observed in mice lacking PAR-2 signalling but combined deletion provided no added protection against fibrosis indicating a lack of mutual modulating effects that have been observed in other contexts such as angiogenic responses. cONcLUSIONTissue factor cytoplasmic domain is involved in TF-PAR-2 signalling initiating hepatic fibrosis and is a potential therapeutic target, as its deletion would not impact coagulation.

关键词： Tissue factor Protease activated receptor Hepatic stellate cell Liver fibrosis Macrophage

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Telecommunication breakdown concepts of communication transmitted via software-defined radio c. Richard Johnson, Jr. and william A. Sethares.

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2004年

作者： c. Richard Johnson Jr. and william A. Sethares.

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