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A new tool for estimating liver cancer risk after a hepatitis C virus cure

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第6期9卷 791-793页

作者： Hamish Innes william L.Irving School of Health and Life Sciences Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowUK NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of NottinghamNottinghamUK

Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection frequently leads to liver cirrhosis(1),which is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and liver ***,these two complications account for nearly half a million HCV-related deaths every year,world-wide(2).In contrast to other blood borne viruses such as HIV and hepatitis B,chronic HCV is a curable *** until recently,few HCV cirrhosis patients were able to achieve a cure because standard-of-care therapies were ineffective(<30%chance of cure)and entailed significant adverse effects(3).

关键词： liver cirrhosis hepatitis

Ultra-thin chips for high-performance flexible electronics

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npj Flexible Electronics 2018年第1期2卷 50-66页

作者： Shoubhik Gupta william Taube Navaraj Leandro Lorenzelli Ravinder Dahiya Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies(BEST)Group University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Micro-Systems Technology Group Fondazione Bruno KesslerTrento 38123Italy

Flexible electronics has significantly advanced over the last few years,as devices and circuits from nanoscale structures to printed thin films have started to ***,the demand for high-performance electronics has also increased because flexible and compact integrated circuits are needed to obtain fully flexible electronic *** is challenging to obtain flexible and compact integrated circuits as the silicon based CMOS electronics,which is currently the industry standard for high-performance,is planar and the brittle nature of silicon makes bendability *** this reason,the ultra-thin chips from silicon is gaining *** review provides an in-depth analysis of various approaches for obtaining ultra-thin chips from rigid silicon *** comprehensive study presented here includes analysis of ultra-thin chips properties such as the electrical,thermal,optical and mechanical properties,stress modelling,and packaging *** underpinning advances in areas such as sensing,computing,data storage,and energy have been discussed along with several emerging applications(e.g.,wearable systems,m-Health,smart cities and Internet of Things etc.)they will *** paper is targeted to the readers working in the field of integrated circuits on thin and bendable silicon;but it can be of broad interest to everyone working in the field of flexible electronics.

关键词： performance electronics everyone

Targeting inflammation in pancreatic cancer: Clinical translation

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第4期8卷 380-388页

作者： Colin william Steele Nina Angharad Kaur Gill Nigel Balfour Jamieson Christopher Ross Carter Department of Pancreaticobiliary Surgery Glasgow Royal Infirmary Department of General Surgery South Glasgow University Hospital

Preclinical modelling studies are beginning to aid development of therapies targeted against key regulators of pancreatic cancer progression. Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive, stromally-rich tumor, from which few people survive. Within the tumor microenvironment cellular and extracellular components exist, shielding tumor cells from immune cell clearance, and chemotherapy, enhancing progression of the disease. The cellular component of this microenvironment consists mainly of stellate cells and inflammatory cells. New findings suggest that manipulation of the cellular component of the tumor microenvironment is possible to promote immune cell killing of tumor cells. Here we explore possible immunogenic therapeutic strategies. Additionally extracellular stromal elements play a key role in protecting tumor cells from chemotherapies targeted at the pancreas. We describe the experimental findings and the pitfalls associated with translation of stromally targeted therapies to clinical trial. Finally, we discuss the key inflammatory signal transducers activated subsequent to driver mutations in oncogenic Kras in pancreatic cancer. We present the preclinical findings that have led to successful early trials of STAT3 inhibitors in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Inflammation Stroma Microenvironment

Heterogeneous integration of contact-printed semiconductor nanowires for high-performance devices on large areas

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 208-222页

作者： Carlos García Núñez Fengyuan Liu william Taube Navaraj Adamos Christou Dhayalan Shakthivel Ravinder Dahiya Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies(BEST)Group School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowG128QQ GlasgowUK

In this work,we have developed a contact-printing system to efficiently transfer the bottom-up and top-down semiconductor nanowires(NWs),preserving their as-grown features with a good control over their electronic *** the close-loop configuration,the printing system is controlled with parameters such as contact pressure and sliding speed/*** with the dry pre-treatment of the receiver substrate,the system prints electronic layers with high NW density(7 NWs/μm for bottom-up ZnO and 3 NWs/μm for top-down Si NWs),NW transfer yield and *** observed compactly packed(~115 nm average diameters of NWs,with NW-to-NW spacing~165 nm)and well-aligned NWs(90%with respect to the printing direction).We have theoretically and experimentally analysed the role of contact force on NW print dynamics to investigate the heterogeneous integration of ZnO and Si NWs over pre-selected ***,the contact-printing system was used to fabricate ZnO and Si NW-based ultraviolet(UV)photodetectors(PDs)with Wheatstone bridge(WB)configuration on rigid and flexible *** UV PDs based on the printed ensemble of NWs demonstrate high efficiency,a high photocurrent to dark current ratio(>10^(4))and reduced thermal variations as a result of inherent self-compensation of WB *** to statistically lesser dimensional variations in the ensemble of NWs,the UV PDs made from them have exhibited uniform response.

关键词： nanowires printing integration

Differential reactivity of mouse monoclonal anti-HBs antibodies with recombinant mutant HBs antigens

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第33期12卷 5368-5374页

作者： Azam Roohi Yaghoub Yazdani Jalal Khoshnoodi Seyed Mohammad Jazayeri william F Carman Mahmood Chamankhah Manley Rashedan Fazel Shokri Department of Immunology School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Virology School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Division of Virology Institute of Biomedical and Life Science University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom Monoclonal Antibody Research Center Avesina Research Center Tehran Iran

AIM: To investigate the reactivity of a panel of 8 mouse anti-hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using a collection of 9 recombinant HBsAg mutants with a variety of amino acid substitutions mostly located within the “a” ***: The entire HBs genes previously cloned into a mammalian expression vector were transiently transfected into COS7 cells. Two standard unmutated sequences of the ayw and adw subtypes served as controls. Secreted mutant proteins were collected and measured by three commercial diagnostic immunoassays to assess transfection efficiency. Reactivity of anti-HBs mAbs with mutated HBsAgs was determined by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: Reactivity of anti-HBs mAbs with mutated HBsAgs revealed different patterns. While three mutants reacted strongly with all mAbs, two mutants reacted weakly with only two mAbs and the remaining proteins displayed variable degrees of reactivity towards different mAbs. Accordingly, four groups of mAbs with different but overlapping reactivity patterns could be envisaged. One group consisting of two mAbs (37C5-S7 and 35C6-S11) was found to recognize stable linear epitopes conserved in all mutants. Mutations outside the “a” determinant at positions 120 (P→S), 123(T→N) and 161(M→T) were found to affect reactivity of these ***: Our findings could have important implications for biophysical studies, vaccination strategies and immunotherapy of hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutants.

关键词： Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatitis B virus Mutant Epitope mapping Vaccination Monoclonal antibody

Manipulation of photosensory and circadian signaling restricts phenotypic plasticity in response to changing environmental conditions in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1458-1471页

作者： Martin william Battle Scott Fraser Ewing Cathryn Dickson Joseph Obaje Kristen N.Edgeworth Rebecca Bindbeutel Rea LAntoniou-Kourounioti Dmitri A.Nusinow Matthew Alan Jones Plant Science Group School of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA Present address:School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L22QPUK

Plants exploit phenotypic plasticity to adapt their growth and development to prevailing environmental *** of light and temperature signals is aided by the circadian system,which provides a temporal *** plasticity provides a selective and competitive advantage in nature but is obstructive during large-scale,intensive agricultural practices since economically important traits(including vegetative growth and flowering time)can vary widely depending on local environmental *** prevents accurate prediction of harvesting times and produces a variable *** this study,we sought to restrict phenotypic plasticity and circadian regulation by manipulating signaling systems that govern plants'responses to environmental *** modeling of plant growth and develop-ment predicted reduced plant responses to changing environments when circadian and light signaling pathways were *** tested this prediction by utilizing a constitutively active allele of the plant photoreceptor phytochrome B,along with disruption of the circadian systemvia mutation of *** found that these manipulations produced plants that are less responsive to light and temper-ature cues and thus fail to anticipate *** engineered plants have uniform vegetative growth and flowering time,demonstrating how phenotypic plasticity can be limited while maintaining plant *** has significant implications for future agriculture in both open fields and controlled environments.

关键词： circadian developmental plasticity phenotypic plasticity external coincidence light temperature

在竞争与合作中创建世界城市——以苏格兰中部地区城市为例

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南京社会科学 2010年第9期 14-21页

作者： william F.Lever 郑琼洁格拉斯哥大学城市研究所南京市社科院

城市之间的"竞争",通常以"竞争对手"的形式被强调,如匹兹堡与费城、阿姆斯特丹与鹿特丹、香港与广州。然而一种逐渐凸显的趋势是,两个或多个的城市可以经过合作创新的方式来促进他们的经济发展。文章讨论了两个或多个城市创造出一个综... 详细信息

城市之间的"竞争",通常以"竞争对手"的形式被强调,如匹兹堡与费城、阿姆斯特丹与鹿特丹、香港与广州。然而一种逐渐凸显的趋势是,两个或多个的城市可以经过合作创新的方式来促进他们的经济发展。文章讨论了两个或多个城市创造出一个综合经济体,不仅依赖于他们的经济历史和结构,还依赖于他们的文化、社会差异和政治结构。在苏格兰中部地带,爱丁堡的政府、金融服务和旅游业与格拉斯哥的重工业之间存在着悠久的竞争史。经济形势的改变和全球化迫使这两座城市在一定程度上进行区域合作,如交通基础设施、产业集群和城市营销之间的合作,成为有影响力的世界性城市。

关键词：竞争合作世界城市多中心城市

Nitrate reduction capacity of the oral microbiota is impaired in periodontitis:potential implications for systemic nitric oxide availability

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 52-61页

作者： Bob T.Rosier william Johnston Miguel Carda-Diéguez Annabel Simpson Elena Cabello-Yeves Krystyna Piela Robert Reilly Alejandro Artacho Chris Easton Mia Burleigh Shauna Culshaw Alex Mira Department of Genomics and Health FISABIO FoundationCenter for Advanced Research in Public HealthValenciaSpain Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowUK Oral Sciences University of Glasgow Dental SchoolSchool of MedicineDentistry and NursingCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute University of the West of ScotlandBlantyreScotland Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(IBV-CSIC)ValenciaSpain CIBER Center for Epidemiology and Public Health MadridSpain

The reduction of nitrate to nitrite by the oral microbiota has been proposed to be important for oral health and results in nitric oxide formation that can improve cardiometabolic conditions. Studies of bacterial composition in subgingival plaque suggest that nitrate-reducing bacteria are associated with periodontal health, but the impact of periodontitis on nitrate-reducing capacity(NRC)and, therefore, nitric oxide availability has not been evaluated. The current study aimed to evaluate how periodontitis affects the NRC of the oral microbiota. First, 16S rRNA sequencing data from five different countries were analyzed, revealing that nitratereducing bacteria were significantly lower in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients compared with healthy individuals(P < 0.05 in all five datasets with n = 20–82 samples per dataset). Secondly, subgingival plaque, saliva, and plasma samples were obtained from 42 periodontitis patients before and after periodontal treatment. The oral NRC was determined in vitro by incubating saliva with 8 mmol/L nitrate(a concentration found in saliva after nitrate-rich vegetable intake) and compared with the NRC of 15healthy individuals. Salivary NRC was found to be diminished in periodontal patients before treatment(P < 0.05) but recovered to healthy levels 90 days post-treatment. Additionally, the subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria increased after treatment and correlated negatively with periodontitis-associated bacteria(P < 0.01). No significant effect of periodontal treatment on the baseline saliva and plasma nitrate and nitrite levels was found, indicating that differences in the NRC may only be revealed after nitrate intake. Our results suggest that an impaired NRC in periodontitis could limit dietary nitrate-derived nitric oxide levels, and the effect on systemic health should be explored in future studies.

关键词： impaired intake nitrate

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运动相关性痴呆预防仍然是唯一的治疗方法

英国医学杂志中文版 2021年第8期24卷 421-423页

作者： william Stewart 张建欣(译) 周国鹏(校) Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology University of Glasgowand Department of NeuropathologyQueen Elizabeth University HospitalGlasgowUK 北京大学第一医院全科医学系

最近,大量关于前足球运动员和橄榄球运动员患神经退行性疾病的报道引起了公众对竞技体育危险性的担忧,也引发了一系列针对体育组织的诉讼,理由是涉嫌没有履行相关医疗照顾的义务1-2。但是,我们关于竞技体育对脑健康影响的担心合理吗?是... 详细信息

最近,大量关于前足球运动员和橄榄球运动员患神经退行性疾病的报道引起了公众对竞技体育危险性的担忧,也引发了一系列针对体育组织的诉讼,理由是涉嫌没有履行相关医疗照顾的义务1-2。但是,我们关于竞技体育对脑健康影响的担心合理吗?是否有证据支持运动和痴呆之间的联系?如果有,我们可以做些什么来降低这种风险?

关键词：竞技体育神经退行性疾病医疗照顾足球运动员运动相关性橄榄球证据支持痴呆