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Artificial intelligence-assisted repair of peripheral nerve injury: a new research hotspot and associated challenges

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 663-670页

作者： Yang Guo Liying sun wenyao Zhong Nan Zhang Zongxuan Zhao Wen Tian Department of Hand Surgery Beijing Jishuitan HospitalBeijingChina

Artificial intelligence can be indirectly applied to the repair of peripheral nerve injury.Specifically,it can be used to analyze and process data regarding peripheral nerve injury and repair,while study findings on peripheral nerve injury and repair can provide valuable data to enrich artificial intelligence algorithms.To investigate advances in the use of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis,rehabilitation,and scientific examination of peripheral nerve injury,we used CiteSpace and VOSviewer software to analyze the relevant literature included in the Web of Science from 1994–2023.We identified the following research hotspots in peripheral nerve injury and repair:(1)diagnosis,classification,and prognostic assessment of peripheral nerve injury using neuroimaging and artificial intelligence techniques,such as corneal confocal microscopy and coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy;(2)motion control and rehabilitation following peripheral nerve injury using artificial neural networks and machine learning algorithms,such as wearable devices and assisted wheelchair systems;(3)improving the accuracy and effectiveness of peripheral nerve electrical stimulation therapy using artificial intelligence techniques combined with deep learning,such as implantable peripheral nerve interfaces;(4)the application of artificial intelligence technology to brain-machine interfaces for disabled patients and those with reduced mobility,enabling them to control devices such as networked hand prostheses;(5)artificial intelligence robots that can replace doctors in certain procedures during surgery or rehabilitation,thereby reducing surgical risk and complications,and facilitating postoperative recovery.Although artificial intelligence has shown many benefits and potential applications in peripheral nerve injury and repair,there are some limitations to this technology,such as the consequences of missing or imbalanced data,low data accuracy and reproducibility,and ethical issues(e.g.,privacy,data security,research transparency).Future re

关键词： artificial intelligence artificial prosthesis medical-industrial integration brain-machine interface deep learning machine learning networked hand prosthesis neural interface neural network neural regeneration peripheral nerve

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Effect of oxygen doping on the corrosion behavior of nanocrystalline coating under the synergy of solid NaCl deposit and water vapor

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第10期141卷 257-268页

作者： wenyao sun Minghui Chen Fuhui Wang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Nanocrystalline coating with the same chemical composition as the nickel-based superalloys was proved to possess high resistance to oxidation and scale spallation,meanwhile avoid notable elements inter-diffusion.It opens up a new direction for the development of protective coatings.However,in a worse environment containing chlorine and water vapor,the ultrafine grains act like a double-edged sword,which can promote the formation of a protective scale of Al_(2)O_(3)or Cr_(2)O_(3),but also favor the inward dif-fusion of Cl and H_(2)O to accelerate corrosion.In order to solve this problem,moderate amount of oxygen was doped into nanocrystalline coating during magnetron sputtering.Then,corrosion behavior of the two nanocrystalline coatings with or without oxygen doping was studied in the O_(2)+38%H_(2)O environment with solid NaCl deposit.Results indicated that the doped oxygen can attract active elements of Ti and Al to form TiO_(2)andθ-Al_(2)O_(3),which pinned at grain boundaries to keep the ultrafine grains stable at high temperature while prevent inward diffusion of the corrosive media.Accordingly,a dense and pure chromia scale was formed quickly at surface,ensuring that the oxygen-doped nanocrystalline coating provided the highest corrosion resistance under the synergy of solid NaCl deposit and water vapor.In contrast,the coating without oxygen doping suffered from severe internal corrosion.

关键词： High-temperature corrosion Nickel-based superalloys Coatings Chlorination Water vapor

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Improving high-temperature wear resistance of NiCr matrix self-lubricating composites by controlling oxidation and surface texturing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第36期131卷 253-263页

作者： Xuan Kong wenyao sun Qunchang Wang Minghui Chen Tao Zhang Fuhui Wang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Self-lubricating composites(SLCs)are widely used in the fields of aerospace and marine,but the conventional NiCr matrix SLCs with sulfide as solid lubricant often suffer from low wear resistance at high temperatures.In view of its high affinity with oxygen and also the high oxidation rate,appropriate amount of nano Ti was added to NiCr-WS_(2)composites prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)to adjust the oxidation behavior and surface texture.When exposed to high temperature,Ti was preferentially oxidized in comparison to Ni and Cr,resulting in abundant TiO_(2)protrusions and microdimples on the surface,i.***.in situ surface texturing.Besides,TiO_(2)was of high chemical activity and readily to react with other oxide debris during high temperature sliding process to form compounds of NiTiO_(3)and CrTi_(2)O_(5).The high chemical activity of oxide debris that was conducive to sintering,combining with the special surface texture that stores as many wear debris as possible,promoted the rapid formation of a protective glaze layer on the sliding surface.The NiCr-WS_(2)-Ti composite exhibited low friction coefficient but high wear resistance at elevated temperatures.Especially at 800℃,it presented a wear rate of as low as(2.1±0.3)×10^(-5)mm^3N-1m^(-1),accounting for only 2.7%of that of NiCr-WS_(2)composite.

关键词： Self-lubricating composites High temperature oxidation Glaze layer Surface texturing

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Multiscale confinement nitridation in molybdenum carbide for efficient hydrogen production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 61-69页

作者： Liming Dai Chenchen Fang Xiaoyuan Zhang Xuefeng Xu Xuanxuan Chen Xinyue Zong Xueming Hu wenyao Zhang Liang Xue Pan Xiong Yongsheng Fu Jingwen sun Junwu Zhu Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuChina

The molybdenum carbide(Mo_(2)C)has been regarded as one of the most cost-efficient and stable electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)by the virtue of its Pt-like electronic structures.However,the inherent limitation of high density of empty valence band significantly reduces its catalytic reactivity by reason of strong hydrogen desorption resistance.Herein,we propose a multiscale confinement synthesis method to design the nitrogen-rich Mo_(2)C for modulating the band structure via decomposing the pre-coordination bonded polymer in a pressure-tight tube sealing system.Pre-bonded c/N-Mo in the coordination precursor constructs a micro-confinement space,enabling the homogeneous nitrogenization in-situ happened during the formation of Mo_(2)C.Simultaneously,the evolved gases from the precursor decomposition in tube sealing system establish a macro-confinement environment,preventing the lattice N escape and further endowing a continuous nitridation.Combining the multiscale confinement effects,the nitrogen-rich Mo2C displays as high as 25%N-Mo concentration in carbide lattice,leading to a satisfactory band structure.Accordingly,the constructed nitrogen-rich Mo_(2)C reveals an adorable catalytic activity for HER in both alkaline and acid solution.It is anticipated that the multiscale confinement synthesis strategy presents guideline for the rational design of electrocatalysts and beyond.

关键词： Molybdenum carbide Hydrogen evolution reaction Multiscale confinement synthesis Valence band modulation Nitrogen doping

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Poisoning effect of polyvinyl chloride on the catalytic pyrolysis of mixed plastics over zeolites

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2265-2273页

作者： Jiangchun Yuan Wenjie Wang Weixiao sun Zhirong Yang Yueqiang Cao wenyao Chen Xiaohu Ge Gang Qian Xiang Feng Xuezhi Duan Xinggui Zhou Kevin M.Van Geem Jing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Laboratory for Chemical Technology(LCT) Department of MaterialsTextiles and Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering&ArchitectureGhent UniversityZwijnaarde B-9052Belgium State Key Lab of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China

Nowadays,the chemical recycling is applied for only 1%of total waste plastics,largely due to contaminants in plastic waste and difficulty in product control.As the major contaminant,polyvinyl chloride(PVC)often forms corrosive hydrogen chloride(HCl)during the chemical recycling,which may cause severe catalyst deactivation and equipment damage.However,the investigation on catalytic pyrolysis(the major route for plastics chemical recycling)of the PVC containing mixed plastics has been rarely reported.Here,catalytic co-pyrolysis of PVC and polyethylene(PE)was studied over an aromatization catalyst,Pt/ZSM-5,since the basic building block aromatics are desired products from plastics chemical recycling.The poisoning effect of PVC vapor on the catalyst stability was explored by collective efforts of thorough product analysis and catalyst characterization.It was found that the HCl evolving from PVC has an autocatalytic effect that promotes the scission of dehydrochlorinated PVC,resulting in the high yield of benzene and acetylene from PVC.On the other hand,the presence of PVC suppressed the aromatics formation from PE,largely due to the poisoning effect of PVC-derived HCl on the Pt/ZSM-5.The deactivation is irreversible as evidenced by the decreased zeolite crystallinity and the loss of strong acid sites that are key to the aromatization,possibly due to the removal of framework Al upon the interaction with HCl.The modification with octadecylphosphonic acid only slightly alleviated the PVC poisoning effect.The insights on the PVC poisoning of zeolite catalysts provided in this work may guide the process design of chemical recycling of PVC containing waste plastics.

关键词： polyvinyl chloride polyethylene zeolite aromatics deactivation

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Organic thin-film transistors and related devices in life and health monitoring

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 426-444页

作者： Chenfang sun Tie Wang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging Life and Health Intelligent Research InstituteTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

The early determination of disease-related biomarkers can significantly improve the survival rate of patients.Thus,a series of explorations for new diagnosis technologies,such as optical and electrochemical methods,have been devoted to life and health monitoring.Organic thin-film transistor(OTFT),as a state-of-the-art nano-sensing technology,has attracted significant attention from construction to application owing to the merits of being label-free,low-cost,facial,and rapid detection with multi-parameter responses.Nevertheless,interference from non-specific adsorption is inevitable in complex biological samples such as body liquid and exhaled gas,so the reliability and accuracy of the biosensor need to be further improved while ensuring sensitivity,selectivity,and stability.Herein,we overviewed the composition,mechanism,and construction strategies of OTFTs for the practical determination of disease-related biomarkers in both body fluids and exhaled gas.The results show that the realization of bio-inspired applications will come true with the rapid development of high-effective OTFTs and related devices.

关键词： organic thin-film transistors biosensors biomarkers organic bioelectronics organic semiconductors healthcare

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Pretreating and normalizing metabolomics data for statistical analysis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 188-205页

作者： Jun sun Yinglin Xia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineDepartment of Microbiology/ImmunologyUIC Cancer CenterUniversity of Illinois ChicagoJesse Brown VA Medical Center Chicago(537)ChicagoIL 60612USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA

Metabolomics as a research field and a set of techniques is to study the entire small molecules in biological samples.Metabolomics is emerging as a powerful tool generally for pre-cision medicine.Particularly,integration of microbiome and metabolome has revealed the mechanism and functionality of microbiome in human health and disease.However,metabo-lomics data are very complicated.Preprocessing/pretreating and normalizing procedures on metabolomics data are usually required before statistical analysis.In this review article,we comprehensively review various methods that are used to preprocess and pretreat metabolo-mics data,including MS-based data and NMR-based data preprocessing,dealing with zero and/or missing values and detecting outliers,data normalization,data centering and scaling,data transformation.We discuss the advantages and limitations of each method.The choice for a suitable preprocessing method is determined by the biological hypothesis,the characteristics of the data set,and the selected statistical data analysis method.We then provide the perspective of their applications in the microbiome and metabolome research.

关键词： Data centering and scaling Data normalization Data transformation Missing values MS-Baseddata preprocessing NMRData preprocessing Outliers Preprocessing/pretreatment

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Fossil Equidae in the Linxia Basin with Biostratigraphic and Paleozoogeographic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 1-9页

作者： sun Boyang Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

The Linxia Basin is characterized by an abundance of Cenozoic sediments,that contain exceptionally rich fossil resources.Equids are abundant in the Linxia Basin,the fossil record of equids in this region including 16 species that represent 10 genera.In comparison to other classic late Cenozoic areas in China,the Linxia Basin stands out,because the fauna and chronological data accompanying Linxia equids render them remarkably useful for biostratigraphy.The anchitheriines in the region,such as Anchitherium and Sinohippus,represent early equids that appeared in the late stages of the middle and late Miocene,respectively.Among the equines,most species of Chinese hipparions have been identified in the Linxia Basin and some species of the genera Hipparion and Hippotherium have FAD records for China.Furthermore,Equus eisenmannae is one of the earliest known species of Equus in the Old World and is well-represented at the Longdan locality.Some species with precise geohistorical distributions can serve as standards for high-resolution chronological units within this framework.Located at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and subject to considerable uplift,the Linxia Basin has served as a biogeographic transition area for equids throughout the late Cenozoic.

关键词： Equidae Cenozoic biostratigraphy paleozoogeography Linxia Basin

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NADPH oxidase 4(NOX4)as a biomarker and therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1961-1966页

作者： Napissara Boonpraman sun Shin Yi BK21 four Program Department of Medical SciencesSoonchunhyang UniversityAsanSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanSouth Korea iConnectome Co.Ltd.CheonanSouth Korea

Diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are defined by inflammation and the damage neurons undergo due to oxidative stress. A primary reactive oxygen species contributor in the central nervous system, NADPH oxidase 4, is viewed as a potential therapeutic touchstone and indicative marker for these ailments. This in-depth review brings to light distinct features of NADPH oxidase 4, responsible for generating superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, emphasizing its pivotal role in activating glial cells, inciting inflammation, and disturbing neuronal functions. Significantly, malfunctioning astrocytes, forming the majority in the central nervous system, play a part in advancing neurodegenerative diseases, due to their reactive oxygen species and inflammatory factor secretion. Our study reveals that aiming at NADPH oxidase 4 within astrocytes could be a viable treatment pathway to reduce oxidative damage and halt neurodegenerative processes. Adjusting NADPH oxidase 4 activity might influence the neuroinflammatory cytokine levels, including myeloperoxidase and osteopontin, offering better prospects for conditions like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. This review sheds light on the role of NADPH oxidase 4 in neural degeneration, emphasizing its drug target potential, and paving the path for novel treatment approaches to combat these severe conditions.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease astrocytes mitochondrial dysfunction myeloperoxidase NADPH oxidase 4 NADPH oxidase 4 inhibitors neurodegenerative diseases osteopontin Parkinson’s disease reactive oxygen species

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Lupenone improves motor dysfunction in spinal cord injury mice through inhibiting the inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in microglia via the nuclear factor kappa B pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1802-1811页

作者： Fudong Li Xiaofei sun Kaiqiang sun Fanqi Kong Xin Jiang Qingjie Kong Department of Orthopedics Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Orthopedic Surgery Spine CenterShanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Orthopedic Surgery Naval Medical CenterNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina

Spinal cord injury-induced motor dysfunction is associated with neuroinflammation.Studies have shown that the triterpenoid lupenone,a natural product found in various plants,has a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect in the context of chronic inflammation.However,the effects of lupenone on acute inflammation induced by spinal cord injury remain unknown.In this study,we established an impact-induced mouse model of spinal cord injury,and then treated the injured mice with lupenone(8 mg/kg,twice a day)by intrape ritoneal injection.We also treated BV2 cells with lipopolysaccharide and adenosine5’-triphosphate to simulate the inflammatory response after spinal cord injury.Our res ults showed that lupenone reduced IKBa activation and p65 nuclear translocation,inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome function by modulating nuclear factor kappa B,and enhanced the conve rsion of proinflammatory M1 mic roglial cells into anti-inflammatory M2 microglial cells.Furthermore,lupenone decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation,NLRP3-induced mic roglial cell polarization,and microglia pyroptosis by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B pathway.These findings suggest that lupenone protects against spinal cord injury by inhibiting inflammasomes.

关键词： inflammasome inflammation lupenone microglia polarization pyroptosis spinal cord injury

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