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Astrocyte polarization in glaucoma: a new opportunity

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2582-2588页

作者： Yi-Xin Liu Hao Sun wen-Yi guo Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology ShanghaiChina

Astrocyte polarization is a new concept which is similar to microglia polarization and in which astrocytes are classified as A1(neurotoxic)and A2(neuroprotective).Several studies on astrocyte polarization have focused mainly on neurodegenerative diseases,trauma,and ***,the role of astrocyte polarization in glaucoma,a neurodegenerative disease,has not been fully *** this review,we first describe the characteristics of astrocyte astrogliosis in glaucoma,including morphological,molecular,proliferative and functional *** then summarize understanding of astrocyte polarization in other diseases,and show that A1 astrocytes are involved in the death of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma,and that their neurotoxins kill only damaged retinal ganglion *** on this,we propose new interesting conjecture on astrocyte polarization in glaucoma:(1)That the neurotoxin from A1 astrocytes is a product of the complement system(membrane-attacking complex),since this system is known to mediate synaptic elimination and the C3 expression is clearly increased in A1 astrocytes;(2)that reactive scar-forming astrocytes in the optic nerve head may be classified as A2 astrocytes since their ablation leads to a worse prognosis in ***,current therapeutic research progress on astrocyte polarization in other diseases is also *** of astrocyte polarization can be achieved by extracellular microglia-related and intracellular *** A1 or increased A2 astrocytes can rescue the *** example,glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist rescues retinal ganglion cells by reducing A1 astrocytes via the extracellular microglia-related pathway in an ocular hypertension model,suggesting that regulation of astrocyte polarization as a therapeutic target in glaucoma is feasible.

关键词： astrocytes glaucoma heterogeneity microglia neurodegenerative disease neuroinflammation neuroprotection optic nerve retina therapy

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Reduction of chromium oxides in stainless steel dust

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第6期22卷 573-581页

作者： Yan-ling Zhang wen-ming guo Xin-lei Jia State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing

The recovery of metal oxides from stainless steel dust using C（graphite）, SiFe, and Al as reductants was investigated under various conditions. The apparent distribution ratio of Cr（L Cr ′^m/s ） in the recovered metal and residual slag phases was defined as the major performance metric. The results show that the recovery ratio of metals increases as the ratio of CaO ：SiO2 by mass in the residual slag increases to 1.17. The residual content of metals in the slag decreases as the Al2O3 content of the slag is increased from approximately 8wt% to 10wt%. The recovery ratio of Cr increases with increasing L Cr ′^ m/s , and a linear relationship between L Cr ′^m/s and the activity coefficient ratio of CrO in the slag and the recovered metal phase is observed. The combination of C and SiFe or Al as the reducing agents reveals that Si is the more effective coreductant.

关键词： stainless steel dust chromium oxides recovery apparent distribution ratio activity coefficient

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Theoretical investigation of uranium(Ⅳ) coordinated with N,N'-bis(3-allyl salicylidene)-o-phenylenediamine

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2016年第5期27卷 247-254页

作者： wen-Bo Lan Sha Gao Ying-Wu Lin guo-wen Peng Chang-Ming Nie School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of South China Hengyang 421001 China

We used density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6-311G** level for a theoretical study on the complex formed when uranium(Ⅳ) coordinates with N,N'- bis(3-allyl salicylidene)-o-phenylenediamine(BASPDA),i.e.,U(BASPDA)_*** results indicated that the coordination complex of U(BASPDA)2 could form two different structures with a ratio of 1:*** was a parallel dislocation structure(PDS-U),in which the two BASPDAs' middle benzene rings adopted a parallel dislocation with an angle of 56.64°,and the other was a staggered finger "+" structure(SFS-U),in which the two BASPDAs employed the staggered finger "+" *** binding energies,charge distribution,spectral properties,thermodynamic properties,molecular orbitals and Wiberg bond indices for both PDS-U and SFS-U were calculated and compared with each other.

关键词：邻苯二胺烯醛调理位错结构铀热力学性质密度函数电荷分布

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Investigation of Maxima Assumptions in Modelling Tropical Cyclone- Induced Hazards in the South China Sea

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第3期38卷 491-504页

作者： wen Ze-guo WANG Fu-ming WAN Jing YANG Fan School of Civil Engineering Sun Yat-sen University&Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Guangdong Academy of Safety Science and Technology Guangzhou 510060China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Oceanic Civil Engineering Guangzhou 510275China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory(Yangjiang Offshore Wind Energy Laboratory) Yangjiang 529500China

The present study aims to examine the suitability of two commonly used assumptions that simplify modelling metoceanconditions for designing offshore wind turbines in the South China Sea (SCS). The first assumption assumes thatjoint N-year extreme wind and wave events can be independently estimated and subsequently combined. The secondone assumes peak wind and waves can be modelled as occurring simultaneously during a tropical cyclone (TC) *** better understand the potential TC activity, a set of 10000 years synthetic TC events are generated. The wind fieldmodel and the Mike 21 spectral wave model are employed to model the TC-induced hazards. Subsequently, theeffect of the assumptions is evaluated by analyzing the peak structural response of both monopile and semisubmersibleoffshore wind turbines during TC events. The results demonstrate that the examined assumptions are generally *** assessing the implications of these assumptions, valuable insights are obtained, which can inform andimprove the modelling of TC-induced hazards in the SCS region.

关键词： tropical cyclone numerical wave modelling hazards offshore wind turbines structural response

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Soil erosion of unpaved loess roads subjected to an extreme rainstorm event: a case study of the Jiuyuangou watershed on the Loess Plateau, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第6期16卷 1396-1407页

作者： YANG Bo WANG wen-long guo Ming-ming guo wen-zhao WANG wen-xin KANG Hong-liang ZHAO Man CHEN Zhuo-xin State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of Mining Area in Northern Shaanxi Province Yulin UniversityYulin 719000China Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd109 Jinshui RoadZhengzhou 450003China

Rainfall can cause serious soil loss in the Loess Plateau hilly and gully region, but little focus has been placed on the extreme rainstorm effects on unpaved loess road soil erosion. A field survey method was used to investigate the erosional effects of the '7·26' heavy rainfall event on unpaved loess roads in the Jiuyuangou watershed of the Loess Plateau, China. The results showed that the average and maximum widths of the eroded gullies that formed on the unpaved roads were 0.65-1.48 m and 1.00-3.60 m, respectively. The average and maximum depths of theeroded gullies were 0.42-1.13 m and 0.75-4.30 m, respectively. The average width-to-depth ratio was 1.31, indicating that the widening effect was greater than the downcutting effect in the eroded gullies. In addition, the gully density ranged from 0.07 to 0.29 m m-2, and the road surface dissection degree ranged from 0.03 to 0.41 km2 km-2. Eroded gullies generally developed at the slope toe of the cut bank side. The average eroded gully width and depth at turns in the road were 1.47-2.64 times and 1.30-3.47 times greater, respectively, than those in other road sections. The road erosion modulus increased from the upper section to the lower section of the roads. The average road erosion modulus of the study catchment was 235,000 t km-2. Turns in the road were associated with collapses, sinkholes and other gravitational erosion phenomena. The amount of road erosion under extreme rainfall conditions is mainly related to the interactions among road length, width, slope and soil bulk density. Our results provide a useful reference for developing further measures for preventing road erosion on the Loess Plateau.

关键词： Road erosion '7·26' extreme rainstorms Loess Plateau Gully development

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A new method for fluid identification and saturation calculation of low contrast tight sandstone reservoir

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Petroleum Science 2024年第5期21卷 3189-3201页

作者： Shuai Wang Ran-Hong Xie guo-wen Jin Jiang-Feng guo Li-Zhi Xiao State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China

The resistivity difference between oil and gas layers and the water layers in low contrast tight sandstone reservoirs is subtle. Fluid identification and saturation calculation based on conventional logging methods are facing challenges in such reservoirs. In this paper, a new method is proposed for fluid identification and saturation calculation in low contrast tight sandstone reservoirs. First, a model for calculating apparent formation water resistivity is constructed, which takes into account the influence of shale on the resistivity calculation and avoids apparent formation water resistivity abnormal *** on the distribution of the apparent formation water resistivity obtained by the new model, the water spectrum is determined for fluid identification in low contrast tight sandstone *** this, according to the average, standard deviation, and endpoints of the water spectrum, a new four-parameter model for calculating reservoir oil and gas saturation is built. The methods proposed in this paper are applied to the low contrast tight sandstone reservoirs in the Q4 formation of the X53 block and X70 block in the south of Songliao Basin, China. The results show that the water spectrum method can effectively distinguish oil-water layers and water layers in the study area. The standard deviation of the water spectrum in the oil-water layer is generally greater than that in the water layer. The new four-parameter model yields more accurate oil and gas saturation. These findings verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

关键词： Low contrast reservoirs Fluid identification Saturation calculation Water spectrum method Conventional logging

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Improving mathematical model of burden distribution and correcting chute angle to cope with fluctuation of stock line

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 342-356页

作者： Jian-sheng Chen wen-guo Liu Hao guo Wang Ding Qing-guo Xue Jing-song Wang Hai-bin Zuo State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China MCC Capital Engineering&Research Incorporation Limited Beijing100176China Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd.Xiangtan411101HunanChina

Accurate evaluations of the burden distribution are of critical importance to stabilize the operation of blast *** mathematical model and discrete element method(DEM)are two attractive methods for predicting burden *** on DEM,the initial velocities of the pellet,sinter,and coke were calculated,and the velocity attenuations of the above three particles between the burden and the chute were *** initial velocity and velocity attenuation were applied to a mathematical model for improving the ***,based on the improved model,a scheme for rectifying the chute angles was proposed to address the fluctuation of the stock line and maintain a stable burden *** validity of the scheme was confirmed via a stable burden distribution under different stock *** mathematical model has been successfully applied to evaluate the online burden distribution and cope with the fluctuation of the stock line.

关键词： Burden distribution Mathematical model Discrete element method Velocity attenuation Stock line fluctuation

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GaAs pHEMT multi-band/multi-mode SP9T switch for quad-band GSM and UMTS handsets applications

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2011年第4期12卷 317-322页

作者： Xiao-ying WANG wen-ting guo Yang-yang PENG wen-quan SUI Zhejiang California International Nanosystems Institute (ZCNI) Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

A multi-band/multi-mode single-pole nine-throw (SP9T) switch for GSM/UMTS (global system for mobile communications/universal mobile telecommunication system) systems is *** switch consists of a GaAs 0.5μm pseudomorphic high-electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) radio frequency (RF) switches module and Si complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (COMS) digital module with an encoder and a DC boost *** isolation and high linearity are achieved by a series-shunt switch structure and the DC boost circuit,*** switch shows a measured insertion loss of 0.4 dB at 0.8 GHz for GSM transmit arms,0.7 dB at 0.9 GHz and 0.9 dB at 1.8 GHz for GSM receive arms,and 0.6 dB at 1.8 GHz for UMTS *** switch introduces 2nd and 3rd harmonic suppression levels less than 64 dBc at 37 dBm input *** between transmit and receive terminals are more than 48 dB when one transmit arm is *** size of the RF switches module is 1.5 mm×1.1 mm,and the size of the digital module is 1.3 mm×0.63 mm with gold bonding wires connecting these two modules.

关键词： GSM UMTS Single-pole nine-throw (SP9T) pHEMT Encoder DC boost

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Production of Transgenic Anliucheng Sweet Orange(Citrus sinensis Osbeck) with Xa21 Gene for Potential Canker Resistance

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第11期13卷 2370-2377页

作者： LI Ding-li XIAO Xuan guo wen-wu Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences Huazhong Agricultural University College of Life and Environmental Sciences Gannan Normal University

Citrus canker, an epidemic quarantine disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, has brought a great damage in citrus production worldwide. Herein, a rice PRR （pattern recognition receptor） gene Xa21 together with GUS reporter gene and hygromycin phosphotransferase gene （HPT） was introduced into Anliucheng sweet orange （Citrus sinensis Osbeck） via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of embryogenic callus. The transgenic calluses were screened on MT basal medium containing hygromycin （HYG） and detected by histochemical GUS staining. The transgenic plantlets were recovered through somatic embryogenesis pathway. The regenerated plantlets were accustomed to and maintained in the greenhouse. The transgene integration of recovered plantlets was identiifed by PCR and Southern blot hybridization. It showed that all the transgenic plantlets tested had undergone single copy integration, the expression of Xa21 in eight different transgenic lines detected by qRT-PCR can be divided into three grades, high for T5 and T6, middle for T4 and low for the rest. The tolerance to citrus canker disease of the three recovered transgenic lines T2, T4 and T6 was assessed by in vitro pin-puncture inoculation. The results showed that all the three transgenic lines conferred improved resistance to citrus canker bacterium infection and the T4 transgenic line displayed the highest resistance. The mechanism and feasibility of rice Xa21 in triggering innate immunity in citrus was brielfy discussed.

关键词： citrus canker Xa21 sweet orange pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

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The mapping methods and division of tectonic units of the regional tectonic map in the eastern China seas and adjacent regions

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第4期28卷 57-64页

作者： YIN Yanhong ZHANG Xunhua wen Zhenhe guo Zhenxuan Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Qingdao 266071 China

The geological-geophysical map series of the eastern China seas and adjacent region （1：1 000 000） will be published in the late half year of 2009. The regional tectonic map is one of the main professional maps. The Mapping methods, the division method of geological tectonic units and the main geological tectonic units are mainly discussed. The strata from Pliocene to Holocene are peeled off so as to display the Pre-Pliocene structures. In basins, isopaches are drawn for the Cenozoic deposits. The plate tectonic theory and present tectonic pattern are adopted as the priorities in tectonic division. As to the division of intraplate tectonic units, it is a revision, complement and improvement of previous dividing systems, and the nomenclature for each tectonic unit follows the current system in China. The first-order tectonic unit is plate （Pacific Plate, Eurasian Plate and Philippine Sea Plate）. The second-order tectonic unit is tectonic domain （East Asian continental tectonic domain,East Asian continental margin tectonic domain and west Pacific tectonic domain）. The Philippine Sea Plate and the west part of the Pacific Plate are called the West Pacific tectonic domain. The part of the Eurasian Plate involved in this study area can be further divided into East Asian continental tectonic domain and East Asian continental margin tectonic domain. The East Asian continental margin domain is composed of the Ryukyu island arc, the Okinawa Trough back-arc basin and the back-arc basin of Sea of Japan. The East Asian continental tectonic domain in this study area is composed of the Sino-Korea Massif, the Changjiang River （Yangtze） Massif and South China Massif. In turn, these massifs consist of basins, folded belts or uplift zones. The basins,the folded belts or the uplift zones are further divided into uplifts and depressions made up of sags and swells.

关键词： regional tectonic map eastern China seas geological tectonic units division

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