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大气PM_(2.5)与健康:从暴露、危害到干预的系统研究进展

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2016年第8期30卷 797-801页

作者：吴少伟邓芙蓉北京大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系北京100191

大气PM_(2.5)污染已成为危害人群健康的重要环境问题之一,如何对其健康危害进行识别并采取有效措施进行预防是当前国内外研究的热点。我国大气PM_(2.5)污染水平较高,准确评价个体对大气PM_(2.5)的暴露水平是开展深入研究的基础。大气PM_... 详细信息

大气PM_(2.5)污染已成为危害人群健康的重要环境问题之一,如何对其健康危害进行识别并采取有效措施进行预防是当前国内外研究的热点。我国大气PM_(2.5)污染水平较高,准确评价个体对大气PM_(2.5)的暴露水平是开展深入研究的基础。大气PM_(2.5)污染来源广,组成成分复杂,可通过多种生物学机制引起一系列短期和长期健康危害。目前,国内外采用的主要研究方法包括流行病学人群研究和毒理学研究。此外,大气PM_(2.5)健康危害的干预研究方兴未艾,是未来重要的研究方向之一。

关键词：大气PM2.5 个体暴露健康危害干预

Multiple oncogenic mutations related to targeted therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2015年第4期34卷 177-183页

作者： Jian-wei Zhang Tao Qin shao-Dong Hong Jing Zhang Wen-Feng Fang Yuan-Yuan Zhao yun-Peng Yang Cong Xue Yan Huang Hong-Yuan Zhao Yu-Xiang Ma Zhi-Huang Hu Pei-Yu Huang Li Zhang Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center

Introduction:An increasing number of targeted drugs have been tested for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).However,targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations have not been fully *** study aimed to detect targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations in NPC and to determine which targeted therapy might be potentially effective in treating ***:By using the SNaPshot assay,a rapid detection method,19 mutation hotspots in 6 targeted therapy-related oncogenes were examined in 70 NPC *** associations between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic factors were ***:Among 70 patients,12(17.1%) had mutations in 5 oncogenes:7(10.0%) had v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KIT) mutation,2(2.8%) had epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutation,1(1.4%) had phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase,catalytic subunit alpha(PIK3CA) mutation,1(1.4%) had Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS) mutation,and 1(1.4%) had simultaneous EGFR and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1(BRAF) *** significant differences were observed between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic ***,these oncogenic mutations were not associated with tumor recurrence or ***:Oncogenic mutations are present in NPC *** efficacy of targeted drugs on patients with the related oncogenic mutations requires further validation.

关键词：基因突变靶向治疗鼻咽癌致癌表皮生长因子受体快速检测方法原癌基因同源基因

PET-PEE／ATO纳米复合材料的非等温结晶动力学

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高分子材料科学与工程 2009年第11期25卷 100-103页

作者：邓超邵玮李春忠华东理工大学材料科学与工程学院超细材料制备与应用教育部重点实验室上海200237

采用无机纳米锑掺杂二氧化锡(ATO)和有机聚醚酯(PEE)协同提高聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)的抗静电性能,合成了聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯-聚醚酯/锑掺杂二氧化锡纳米复合材料(PET-PEE/ATO)。使用Ozawa方程和Liu-Mo方程研究了PET-PEE/ATO纳米复合... 详细信息

采用无机纳米锑掺杂二氧化锡(ATO)和有机聚醚酯(PEE)协同提高聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)的抗静电性能,合成了聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯-聚醚酯/锑掺杂二氧化锡纳米复合材料(PET-PEE/ATO)。使用Ozawa方程和Liu-Mo方程研究了PET-PEE/ATO纳米复合材料的非等温结晶过程。Ozawa方程研究发现,在非等温结晶过程中,PET、PET-PEE、PET/ATO、PET-PEE/ATO的成核性能依次提高。Liu-Mo方程发现,ATO和PEE的加入分别促进了异相成核作用和加快了结晶生长,PET-PEE/ATO结晶成核性能最好,结晶速率最快。

关键词：聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯有机聚醚酯无机纳米锑掺杂二氧化锡纳米复合材料非等温结晶动力学

绕飞过程中小天体三维模型重构及探测器运动估计研究

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宇航学报 2010年第5期31卷 1381-1389页

作者：崔平远邵巍崔祜涛北京理工大学深空探测技术研究所北京100081 青岛科技大学自动化与电子工程学院青岛266042 哈尔滨工业大学深空探测基础研究中心哈尔滨150080

提出了一种利用绕飞段拍摄序列图像对小天体三维模型进行重构,同时估计探测器位置姿态的方法。利用PCA-SIFT算法对探测器绕飞小天体过程中拍摄的序列图像进行特征点提取及匹配,得到稳定的特征点序列。在窄视场拍摄条件下,通过弱透视投... 详细信息

提出了一种利用绕飞段拍摄序列图像对小天体三维模型进行重构,同时估计探测器位置姿态的方法。利用PCA-SIFT算法对探测器绕飞小天体过程中拍摄的序列图像进行特征点提取及匹配,得到稳定的特征点序列。在窄视场拍摄条件下,通过弱透视投影变换简化成像模型,并利用SVD因式分解算法重构了小天体的三维模型,同时估计出探测器的位置和姿态。通过实际拍摄的图像以及人工数据分析了距离远近、特征点个数、图像帧数以及视场角等因素对三维重构精度以及探测器位姿估计的影响。仿真结果表明该算法可以有效的用于小天体模型重构以及探测器的运动估计。

关键词：小天体三维重构探测器运动估计绕飞小天体

Effect of 37Cl enrichment on neutrons in a molten chloride salt fast reactor

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第3期31卷 45-56页

作者： Liao-Yuan He Guang-Chao Li shao-Peng Xia Jin-Gen Chen Yang Zou Gui-Min Liu University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China CAS Innovative Academies in TMSR Energy System Shanghai 201800China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

A molten chloride salt fast reactor(MCFR)is well suited to fuel breeding and the transmutation of transuranium(TRU)elements owing to its advantageous features of fast neutron spectrum and high TRU ***,the neutron absorption cross section of 35Cl is approximately 1000 times greater than for 37Cl,which has a significant impact on the neutron physical characteristics of a *** on an automatic online refueling and reprocessing procedure,the influences of 37Cl enrichment on neutron economy,breeding performance,and the production of harmful nuclides were *** show that 37Cl enrichment strongly influences the neutron properties of a *** natural chlorine,233U breeding cannot be achieved and the yields of S and 36Cl are very *** the 37Cl enrichment to 97%brings a clear improvement in its neutronics property,making it almost equal to that corresponding to 100%***,when 37Cl is enriched to 99%,its neutronics parameters are almost the same as for 100%*** the enrichment cost and the neutron properties,a 37Cl enrichment of 97%is *** an optimal neutronics performance requires 99%37Cl enrichment.

关键词： Molten salt reactor Molten chlorine salt fast reactor 37Cl enrichment Th-U fuel breeding

Optimizing mechanical property and cytocompatibility of the biodegradable Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy by hot extrusion and heat treatment

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第1期35卷 6-18页

作者： Yiyuan Kang Beining Du Yueming Li Baojie Wang Liyuan Sheng Longquan shao Yufeng Zheng Tingfei Xi Shenzhen Institute Peking University Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy is a new type of degradable material for biomedical application. In the present study, Mg-6Zn-1.2Y-0.8Nd alloy was fabricated, and then extrusion and heat treatment were conducted to optimize its mechanical properties and cytocompatibility. The microstructure observation, mechanical property, degradation behavior and cytocompatibility tests were conducted on the Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy with three different states: as-cast(alloy C), as-extruded(alloy E) and extruded + heat treated(alloy EH).The results show that alloy C consists of coarse grains and continuous secondary phases. The extrusion process has caused incomplete recrystallization, and results in a mixed grain structure of elongated grains and small equiaxed grains(alloy E). The heat treatment process has promoted the recrystallization and homogenized the grain structure(alloy EH). Both the strength and ductility of the alloy has been improved by extrusion, but the following heat treatment has decreased the strength and increased the *** degradation behavior of the alloy C and E alloys does not show much difference, but improves slightly in alloy EH, because the heat treatment has homogenized the microstructure and released the residual stress in the alloy. The directly and indirectly cell viability tests indicate that alloy EH exhibits the best cytocompatibility, which should be ascribed to its relative uniform degradation and low ion releasing rate. In summary, the combination of hot extrusion and heat treatment could optimize the mechanical property and cytocompatibility of the Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy together, which is beneficial for the future application of the alloy.

关键词： Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy Microstructure Mechanical property Biodegradable behavior Biocompatibility

Revolutionizing Antimicrobial Biomaterials:Integrating an Enzyme Degradation‑Resistant Sequence into Self‑Assembled Nanosystems to Overcome Stability Limitations of Peptide‑Based Drugs

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2024年第4期6卷 1188-1211页

作者： weikang Yu Xu Guo Qingrui Li Xuefeng Li Yingxin wei Changxuan shao Licong Zhang Jiajun Wang Anshan Shan College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030People’s Republic of China

Incorporating enzyme-resistant peptide sequences into self-assembled nanosystems is a promising strategy to enhance the stability and versatility of peptide-based antibacterial drugs,aiming to replace ineffective *** combining newly designed enzymatic-resistant sequences with synthetically derived compounds bearing single,double,triple,or quadruple aromatic rings.A series of nanoscale antimicrobial self-assembled short peptides for the purpose of combating bacterial infections are ***^(*)(Nap–DNal–Nal–Dab–Dab–NH2,where Nap represents the 1-naphthylacetyl group)possesses the greatest clinical potential(GMSI=23.96)among the peptides in this *** high concentrations in an aqueous environment,Nap^(*)spontaneously generates nanofibers to capture bacteria and prevent their evasion,exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects and exceptional *** the presence of physiological salt ions and serum,the antimicrobial agent exhibits strong effectiveness and retains impressive resistance even when exposed to high levels of proteases(trypsin,chymotrypsin,pepsin).Nap^(*)exhibits negligible in vivo toxicity and effectively alleviates systemic bacterial infections in ***,Nap^(*)initially captures bacteria and induces bacterial cell death primarily through membrane dissolution,achieved by multiple synergistic *** summary,these advances have the potential to greatly expedite the clinical evolution of nanomaterials based on short peptides combined with naphthyl groups and foster the development of peptides integrated with self-assembled systems in this domain.

关键词： Naphthyl Nanofibers Antimicrobial peptide Self-assembled Protease resistance Antibacterial mechanism

Critical pharmaceutical process identification considering chemical composition, biological activity, and batch-to-batch consistency: A case study of notoginseng total saponins

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2020年第1期12卷 29-35页

作者： Jing-jing Pan Si-yuan He Jing-yuan shao Ning Li yun-qi Gong Xing-chu Gong Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Kunming Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd.Kunming 650100China

Objective: Critical pharmaceutical process identification(CPPI) is an important step in the implementation of quality by design concept to traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs). Risk assessment methods are usually used in CPPI. However, risk evaluation is usually subjective. The purpose of this work is to present a more objective CPPI ***: A CPPI method considering chemical composition, biological activity, and batch-to-batch consistency was presented in this work. The manufacturing process of notoginseng total saponins(NTS) was investigated as an example. The changes of chemical composition, biological activity, and chemical composition consistency after main processes were measured and compared. A significant change of them indicated a critical ***: After extraction process and chromatography process, saponin purity and chemical composition similarity remarkably increased, and saponin content variations decreased. Thrombin inhibitory activity was remarkably decreased after chromatography process. Because of the large influences on NTS quality,extraction process and chromatography process were identified to be critical processes of ***: Based on a comprehensive and objective examination of the role of each process, critical pharmaceutical processes can be identified. A similar method can also be applied to other TCM processes.

关键词： batch-to-batch consistency bioactivity chemical composition similarity critical process identification Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen quality by design

Zinc extraction from zinc oxidized ore using(NH4)2SO4 roasting−leaching process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第11期27卷 1471-1481页

作者： Xiao-yi Shen Hong-mei shao Ji-wen Ding Yan Liu Hui-min Gu Yu-chun Zhai Key Laboratory for Ecological Utilization of Multimetallic Mineral of Ministry of Education School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang 110159China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

An improved method of(NH4)2SO4 roasting followed by water leaching to utilize zinc oxidized ores was *** operating parameters were obtained by investigating the effects of the molar ratio of(NH4)2SO4 to zinc,roasting temperature,and holding time on zinc *** roasting process followed the chemical reaction control mechanism with the apparent activation energy value of 41.74 kJ·mol^−*** transformation of mineral phases in roasting was identified by X-ray diffraction analysis combined with thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis *** water leaching conditions,including the leaching temperature,leaching time,stirring velocity,and liquid-to-solid ratio,were discussed,and the leaching kinetics was *** reaction rate was obtained under outer diffusion without product layer control;the values of the apparent activation energy for two stages were 4.12 and 8.19 kJ·mol^−*** maximum zinc extraction ratio reached 96%while the efficiency of iron extraction was approximately 32%under appropriate *** work offers an effective method for the comprehensive use of zinc oxidized ores.

关键词： zinc oxidized ore ammonium sulfate roasting,water leaching kinetics mechanism extraction ratio