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Comparison of immune responses and intestinal flora in epicutaneously sensitized BALB/c or C57BL/6 mouse models of food allergy

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 668-680页

作者： Gang Yu Yuhao Jiang Shuifeng Zhang pengpeng Liu Shunyu wang Huadong Sheng Yanbo wang Qiaozhi Zhang Linglin Fu Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province School of Food Science and BiotechnologyZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China Zhejiang Fangyuan Test Group Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310018China Key Laboratory of Biosafety Detection for Zhejiang Market Regulation Hangzhou 310018China Zhejiang Liziyuan Food Co. LtdJinhua 321031China

Cutaneous exposure to food allergens through a disrupted skin barrier is recognized as an important cause of food allergy,and the cutaneous sensitized mouse model has been established to investigate relevant allergic ***,the role of different genetic backgrounds of mice on immune responses to food allergens upon epicutaneous sensitization is largely *** this study,two strains of mice,i.e.,the BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice,were epicutaneously sensitized with ovalbumin on atopic dermatitis(AD)-like skin lesions,followed by intragastric challenge to induce IgE-mediated food *** outcomes were measured as clinical signs,specific antibodies and cytokines,and immune cell subpopulations,as well as changes in intestinal barrier function and gut *** showed that both strains of mice exhibited typical food-allergic symptoms with a Th2-skewed *** C57BL/6 mice,rather than the BALB/c mice,were fitter for establishing an epicutaneously sensitized model of food allergy since a stronger Th2-biased response and severer disruptions in the intestinal barrier and gut homeostasis were *** study provides knowledge for selecting an appropriate mouse model to study food-allergic responses associated with AD-like skin lesions and highlights the role of genetic variations in the immune mechanism underlying pathogenesis of food allergy.

关键词： Food allergy Mouse models Epicutaneous sensitization Th2 response Gut microbiota

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基于数值仿真的电动汽车高速齿轮轮辐结构优化设计

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机械传动 2024年第6期48卷 69-75页

作者：王鹏余磊黄超舍弗勒贸易(上海)有限公司上海201805 同济大学汽车学院上海201804

随着电动汽车对电驱动系统噪声、振动与声振粗糙度(Noise·Vibration·Harshness,NVH)性能的要求越来越高,对电驱动传动系统齿轮设计提出了更高的要求。基于数值仿真的方法对电驱动传动系统平行轴式减速器大齿轮轮辐结构进行了优化设计... 详细信息

随着电动汽车对电驱动系统噪声、振动与声振粗糙度(Noise·Vibration·Harshness,NVH)性能的要求越来越高,对电驱动传动系统齿轮设计提出了更高的要求。基于数值仿真的方法对电驱动传动系统平行轴式减速器大齿轮轮辐结构进行了优化设计。从齿轮模态、齿根应力、传动误差和制造误差敏感性4个方面分析对比了简单板式、圆减重孔板式、长减重孔板式、加强筋板式和交错板式5种大齿轮轮辐结构设计。结果表明,交错板式轮辐结构在齿轮模态、齿根应力、传动误差和制造误差敏感性4个方面都具有优势,尤其在齿轮模态频率方面,相比其他4种方案有显著提升。采用所提方法优化设计的交错板式轮辐结构,在同等质量条件下相比常见的圆减重孔板式结构,齿轮1阶模态频率提高72%,传动误差降低18%,可有效避免大齿轮共振引起的高速齿轮啸叫问题。

关键词：齿轮轮辐数值仿真模态齿根应力传动误差制造误差敏感性

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Discovering Latent Variables for the Tasks With Confounders in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第7期11卷 1591-1604页

作者： Kun Jiang wenzhang Liu Yuanda wang Lu Dong Changyin Sun the School of Automation Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China the School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China IEEE the School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China the Engineering Research Center of Autonomous Unmanned System Technology Ministry of EducationHefei 230601China

Efficient exploration in complex coordination tasks has been considered a challenging problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning(MARL). It is significantly more difficult for those tasks with latent variables that agents cannot directly observe. However, most of the existing latent variable discovery methods lack a clear representation of latent variables and an effective evaluation of the influence of latent variables on the agent. In this paper, we propose a new MARL algorithm based on the soft actor-critic method for complex continuous control tasks with confounders. It is called the multi-agent soft actor-critic with latent variable(MASAC-LV) algorithm, which uses variational inference theory to infer the compact latent variables representation space from a large amount of offline ***, we derive the counterfactual policy whose input has no latent variables and quantify the difference between the actual policy and the counterfactual policy via a distance function. This quantified difference is considered an intrinsic motivation that gives additional rewards based on how much the latent variable affects each agent. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on two collaboration tasks with confounders, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of MASAC-LV compared to other baseline algorithms.

关键词： Latent variable model maximum entropy multi-agent reinforcement learning(MARL) multi-agent system

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时域孪生网络融合Transformer的长时无人机视觉跟踪

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计算机工程 2024年第11期50卷 107-118页

作者：谌海云余鹏王海川西南石油大学电气信息学院

针对无人机(UAV)执行跟踪任务时经常出现尺寸变化、低分辨率、目标遮挡等场景导致跟踪目标框漂移的问题，提出一种时域孪生网络融合Transformer的长时无人机视觉跟踪算法TTTrack。首先，使用基于孪生网络的SiamFC++(AlexNet)算法作为基... 详细信息

针对无人机(UAV)执行跟踪任务时经常出现尺寸变化、低分辨率、目标遮挡等场景导致跟踪目标框漂移的问题，提出一种时域孪生网络融合Transformer的长时无人机视觉跟踪算法TTTrack。首先，使用基于孪生网络的SiamFC++(AlexNet)算法作为基线算法；其次，利用Transformer自适应地提取历史帧的时空信息并在线更新模板，从而将时空上下文信息储存为动态模板；随后，分别使用基准模板和动态模板与搜索特征图进行互相关运算，获得响应图后利用Transformer融合两个响应图，从而在连续帧之间建立时空上下文映射关系。在LaSOT长序列跟踪基准上测试，TTTrack的成功率和精确率分别为63.9%和66.6%。在UAV123跟踪基准上的成功率和精确率分别为61.4%和80.2%；与基线算法相比，该算法在完全遮挡场景下的成功率和精确率分别提升了7.4个百分点和8个百分点。TTTrack在DTB70跟踪基准上精确率达到82.1%，并且跟踪速度为118 FPS，满足实时性要求。试验结果表明，TTTrack具有良好的鲁棒性、实时性和抗干扰能力，能有效应对长时UAV跟踪任务。

关键词：时域孪生网络 Transformer 无人机视觉跟踪时空信息

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共同保险纠纷的司法困境及其突破

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保险研究 2024年第7期 101-113页

作者：武亦文王新宇武汉大学法学院武汉大学大健康法制研究中心

通过对共同保险纠纷进行梳理,可以发现其司法实践之困境主要源于共同保险法律构造的不明确。为突破这一困境,本文对共同保险的法律构造进行了探究。共同保险的内部法律关系较为特殊,既非保险合同关系,亦非合伙关系,无法将其对应到实在... 详细信息

通过对共同保险纠纷进行梳理,可以发现其司法实践之困境主要源于共同保险法律构造的不明确。为突破这一困境,本文对共同保险的法律构造进行了探究。共同保险的内部法律关系较为特殊,既非保险合同关系,亦非合伙关系,无法将其对应到实在法上任何一种法律关系。但因成立共同保险内部法律关系的行为系共同法律行为,而《民法典》关于合伙合同之规范又提供了关于共同法律行为最为庞大的规范群,故其存在类推适用合伙合同规范之可能。《民法典》第970条关于合伙事务决定、执行的规定即可类推适用于主次承保人间的法律关系。根据该条规定,主次承保人间应为委托关系。对次承保人和投保人而言,主承保人对外统一签订共保合同系代理行为,对外统一给付保险金则为《民法典》第523条规定的“约定的由第三人履行”。共同保险的外部法律关系仍为保险合同关系。在主承保人代理次承保人对外签订保险合同时,若未约定由主承保人统一给付保险金,以格式条款形式出现的共保条款则会对投保人一方利益产生重大影响。因此,根据《民法典》第496条第2款,主承保人还需对共保条款履行“提示+被动说明”义务。

关键词：共同保险合伙格式条款

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Individualized Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment vs antibiotics for recurrent urinary tract infections: a multicenter, randomized controlled study

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 524-529页

作者： GU Xiangchen QIU Meisi XIE Lin CHEN Min DENG Yueyi ZHANG Changming JIAN Guihua wang Chen wang Yi Department of Nephrology Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437China Department of Nephrology Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437China Department of Nephrology Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China Department of Nephrology Shanghai Municipal Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200071China Department of Nephrology the Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200233China Department of Nephrology Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China

OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess the effects of individualized Chinese medicines on recurrent urinary tract infections(rUTIs).METHODS: This study recruited 230 adult female patients in the remission phase of rUTIs from five hospitals in China. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups: an individualized Chinese medicine group(n = 114) and a control group(n = 116). Patients in the Chinese medicine group received individualized Chinese herbs, which were evaluated for syndrome *** in the control group received antibiotic treatment combined with a Chinese medicine placebo. The duration of treatment was three courses of four weeks each, with a three-month subsequent follow-up. UTI recurrence rate,Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) syndrome scores,36-item Short Form Survey(SF-36) score, and urine secretory immunoglobulin A(SIgA) were measured and analyzed before and after treatment in each group. RESULTS: Patients from the Chinese medicine group exhibited significant decreases in both short-and longterm UTI recurrence rates compared with the control group(P < 0.05). The changes in TCM syndrome scores between the Chinese medicine and control groups were significant(P < 0.05). The changes in the average SF-36 quality-of-life scores in the Chinese medicine group were also significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment(P < 0.05). The Chinese medicine group also demonstrated a significant increase in urine SIg A expression. CONCLUSION: Taken together, compared to the oftenused long-term antimicrobial prophylaxis during the remission stage of r UTIs, treating patients with an individualized Chinese medicine decoction by syndrome differentiation could effectively reduce the recurrence rate, improve the patients' TCM syndrome scores and quality of life, and enhance immunity, which in turn helps to prevent antibiotic resistance.

关键词： urinary tract infections medicine Chinese traditional syndrome differentiation quality of life immunoglobulin A secretory randomized controlled trial

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Structure and immunomodulatory activity of Lentinus edodes polysaccharides modified by probiotic fermentation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 421-433页

作者： Jingjing Liang Meina Zhang Xiaohan Li Yuan Yue Xiaowei wang Mengzhen Han Tianli Yue Zhouli wang Zhenpeng Gao College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Xi'an GaoXin No.1 High School Xi'an 710065China

Plant-based fermentations provide an untapped source for novel biotechnological *** this study,a probiotic named Lactobacillus fermentum 21828 was introduced to ferment Lentinus *** were extracted from fermented and non-fermented *** and purified via DEAE-52 and Sephadex *** components designated F-LEP-2a and NF-LEP-2a were analyzed by FT-IR,HPGPC,HPAEC,SEM,GC-MS and *** results revealed that probiotic fermentation increased the molecular weight from 1.16×10^(4) Da to 1.87×10^(4) Da and altered the proportions of glucose,galactose and mannose,in which glucose increased from 45.94%to 48.16%.Methylation analysis and NMR spectra indicated that F-LEP-2a and NF-LEP-2a had similar linkage ***,their immunomodulatory activities were evaluated with immunosuppressive ***-LEP and F-LEP improved immune organ indices,immunoglobulin(Ig G and Ig M)and cytokines concentrations;restored the antioxidation capacity of liver;and maintained the balance of gut microbiota.F-LEP displayed better moderating effects on the spleen index,immunoglobulin,cytokines and the diversity of gut microbiota than NF-LEP(200,400 mg/kg).Our study provides an efficient and environment-friendly way for the structural modification of polysaccharides,which helps to enhance their biological activity and promote their wide application in food,medicine and other fields.

关键词： Lentinus edodes polysaccharide Lactobacillus fermentum fermentation Structural analysis Immunoregulatory activity Nuclear magnetic resonance

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Effects of content and particle size of TiH2 powders on the energy output rules of RDX composite explosives

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 297-308页

作者： Hao wang Yangfan Cheng Shoujun Zhu Zihan Li Zhaowu Shen School of Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Explosive Materials and Technology Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China School of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

In order to improve the detonation characteristics of RDX,a RDX-based composite explosive with TiH_(2)powders was *** effects of content and particle size of TiH_(2)powders on thermal safety,shock wave parameters and thermal damage effects of RDX-based composite explosive were studied with the C80 microcalorimeter,air blast experiment system and colorimetric thermometry *** results showed that TiH_(2)powders could enhance the thermal stability of RDX-based composite explosive and increase its ultimate decomposition *** content and particle size of TiH_(2)powders also had significant effects on the thermal safety,detonation velocity,shock wave parameters,fireball temperature and duration of RDX-based composite ***,the differences of TiH_(2)and Ti powders on the detonation energy output rules of RDX-based composite explosives were also compared,showing that TiH_(2)powders had better influences on improving the explosion power and thermal damage effect of RDX-based composite explosives than Ti powders,for the participation of free H_(2)released by TiH_(2)powders in the detonation ***_(2)powders have important research values as a novel energetic additive in the field of military composite explosives.

关键词： RDX Hydrogen storage alloy Air blast After-burn reaction Colorimetric thermometry

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Experimental investigation on the anisotropy of friction property for dry and water-saturated rock

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Friction 2024年第9期12卷 2064-2082页

作者： Qing YANG Mingming HE Jinrui ZHAO Mingchen DING Jing wang State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China China Communication Construction Company Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Co. Ltd.Beijing 100088China

Friction properties of rock are closely connected with the *** anisotropy of rock friction can provide a valuable assessment for geotechnical and geological *** this study,the rotary friction tests were conducted to analyze the water effect on the friction property and the friction anisotropy of the four types of *** drilling response model(DD-model)was employed to characterize the rotary friction behavior of the *** parameters of this model include the three types of friction parameters:1/ς,μ,and f,where 1/ςandμare constant,and f is a variable.A quantitative method is proposed for assessing the anisotropy of rock *** results of the rotary friction tests indicate that the relation between torque force and thrust force conforms to the *** changes of two friction constants 1/ςandμfrom dry state to water-saturated state suggest that the water effect on the friction strength of the rocks exhibits significant *** friction strength determined by the friction variable f increases first,then decreases,and finally stabilizes with the increasing of *** is an anisotropy index calculated by the proposed *** percentage difference of the average value of AIf between water-saturated and dry states shows the degree of the water effect on the friction anisotropy of the rocks,mudstone(MU)>granite(GR)>fine sandstone(FS)>argillaceous siltstone(AS).The quantitative model is hopefully constructed for characterizing the relation between the anisotropic friction strength of rock and the moisture state in future.

关键词： anisotropy rotary friction test drilling response model(DD-model) effective stress law

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Flame Morphology and Characteristic of Co-Firing Ammonia with Pulverized Coal on a Flat Flame Burner

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1935-1945页

作者： wang Shengye CUI Mingshuang LIU pengzhong DI Yi NIU Fang China Coal Research Institute Beijing 100013China Beijing Tiandi Rongchuang Technology Co.Ltd. Beijing 100013China National Energy Technology&Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control Beijing 100013China

Ammonia as a new green carbon free fuel co-combustion with coal can effectively reduce CO_(2)emission,but the research of flame morphology and characteristics of ammonia-coal co-combustion are not *** this work,we studied the co-combustion flame of NH_(3)and pulverized coal on flat flame burner under different oxygen mole fraction(X_(i,O_(2)))and NH_(3)co-firing energy ratios(E_(NH_(3))).We initially observed that the introduction of ammonia resulted in stratification within the ammonia-coal co-combustion flame,featuring a transparent flame at the root identified as the ammonia combustion *** to challenges in visually observing the ignition of coal particles in the ammonia-coal co-combustion flame,we utilized Matlab software to analyze flame images across varying E_(NH_(3))and X_(i,O_(2)).The analysis indicates that,compared to pure coal combustion,the addition of ammonia advances the ignition delay time by 4.21 ms to 5.94 *** E_(NH_(3))increases,the ignition delay time initially decreases and then ***,an increase in X_(i,O_(2))results in an earlier ignition delay *** burn-off time and the flame divergence angle of pulverized coal demonstrated linear decreases and increases,respectively,with the growing ammonia *** addition of ammonia facilitates the release of volatile matter from coal ***,in high-ammonia environments,oxygen consumption also impedes the surface reaction of coal ***,measurements of gas composition in the ammonia-coal flame flow field unveiled that the generated water-rich atmosphere intensified coal particle gasification,resulting in an elevated concentration of ***,nitrogen-containing substances and coke produced during coal particle gasification underwent reduction reactions with NO_(x),leading to reduced NO_(x)emissions.

关键词： co-firing ammonia with coal flame characteristic gas component ignition delay time burn-off time flame divergence angle flat flame burner flame morphology

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