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Olfactory Three-Needle Electroacupuncture Improved Synaptic Plasticity and Gut Microbiota of SAMP8 Mice by Stimulating Olfactory Nerve

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第8期30卷 729-741页

作者： wanG Yuan ZHENG A-ni YANG Huan wanG Qiang DAI Biao wanG Jia-ju wan Yi-tong LIU Zhi-bin LIU Si-yang College of Acu-moxibustion and Massage Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangShaanxi Province712046China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangShaanxi Province712046China The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine XianyangShaanxi Province712000China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Baotou Medical CollegeBaotouInner Mongolia Autonomous Region014040China School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi’an Medical UniversityXi’an710021China

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of olfactory three-needle(OTN)electroacupuncture(EA)stimulation of the olfactory system on cognitive dysfunction,synaptic plasticity,and the gut microbiota in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8)*** Thirty-six SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into the SAMP8(P8),SAMP8+OTN(P8-OT),and SAMP8+nerve transection+OTN(P8-N-OT)groups according to a random number table(n=12 per group),and 12 accelerated senescence-resistant(SAMR1)mice were used as the control(R1)*** was performed at the Yintang(GV 29)and bilateral Yingxiang(LI 20)acupoints of SAMP8 mice for 4 *** Morris water maze test,transmission electron microscopy,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)staining,nissl staining,Golgi staining,Western blot,and 16S rRNA sequencing were performed,*** Compared with the P8 group,OTN improved the cognitive behavior of SAMP8 mice,inhibited neuronal apoptosis,increased neuronal activity,and attenuated hippocampal synaptic dysfunction(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Moreover,the expression levels of synaptic plasticity-related proteins N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1(NMDAR1),NMDAR2B,synaptophysin(SYN),and postsynaptic density protein-95(PSD95)in hippocampus were increased by OTN treatment(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Furthermore,OTN greatly enhanced the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)/cAMP-response element binding(CREB)signaling and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/AKT/mTOR)signaling compared with the P8 group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).However,the neuroprotective effect of OTN was attenuated by olfactory nerve *** with the P8 group,OTN had a very limited effect on the fecal microbial structure and composition of SAMP8 mice,while specifically increased the genera Oscillospira and Sutterella(P<0.05).Interestingly,the P8-N-OT group showed an abnormal fecal microbiota with higher microbialα-diversity,Firmicutes/Bacter

关键词： Alzheimer's disease olfactory threeneedle electroacupuncture olfactory nerve synaptic plasticity gut microbiota Chinese medicine

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Distinctive serotypes of SARS-related coronaviruses defined by convalescent sera from unvaccinated individuals

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hLife 2023年第1期1卷 26-34页

作者： Chee Wah Tan Feng Zhu wan ni chia #Barnaby EYoung Aileen Ying Yan Yeoh Thomas Althaus Chee Fu Yung Wee Chee Yap Beng Lee Lim Mark I-C Chen Jinyan Zhang Yun Yan Mah Eric Voiglio Alex Sigal Jianxin Huo Shengli Xu Yee Joo Tan Kong-Peng Lam David Lye Lin-Fa wang Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore National Center of Infectious Diseases Singapore Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore Lee Kong chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technology UniversitySingapore Centre Scientifique de Monaco Monaco Direction de I’Action Sanitaire de Monaco Monaco Infectious Disease Service Department of PediatricsKK Women’s and Children’s HospitalSingapore Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore African Health Research Institute DurbanSouth Africa Singapore Immunology Network Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme National University of SingaporeSingapore 14School of Biological SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Singhealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute Singapore

Multiple Omicron sub-lineages have emerged,with Omicron XBB and XBB.1.5 subvariants becoming the dominant variants globally at the time of this *** key feature of new variants is their ability to escape humoral immunity despite the fact that there are limited genetic changes from their preceding *** raises the question of whether Omicron should be regarded as a separate serotype from viruses serologically clustered with the ancestral severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)***,we present cross-neutralization data based on a pseudovirus neutralization test using convalescent sera from naïve individuals who had recovered from primary infection by SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 strains/variants including the ancestral virus and variants Beta,Delta,Omicron BA.1,Omicron BA.2 and Omicron *** results revealed no significant cross-neutralization in any of the three-way testing for SARS-CoV-1,ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron *** data argue for the assignment of three distinct serotypes for the currently known human-infecting SARS-related coronaviruses.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-1 serotype Omicron primary infection convalescent sera

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The impact of reabsorption effect on composition analysis of organic semiconductors

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Science China Materials 2024年第10期67卷 3124-3131页

作者： Bei Yang Xiaoke Liu Li wan Weixin ni ni Yang Jianhui Hou Feng Gao Electronic and Photonic Materials(EFM) Department of PhysicsChemistry and Biology(IFM)Linkoping UniversityLinkoping SE-58183Sweden Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Polymer and ChemistryCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physic Halle 06120Germany

Reabsorption is one of the most fundamental optical phenomena,but it has rarely been considered in spectroscopy-based composition analysis for organic ***,we take four state-of-the-art organic solar cell(OSC)materials as examples,and systematically investigate the influence of reabsorption on photoluminescence emission and excitation spectra by both experimental studies and optical *** find that the overlap between absorption and emission spectra of these OSC materials is strong enough for them to be affected by the reabsorption effect,and the effect becomes more obvious between different species in the multi-components ***,three features of the reabsorption effect and the reabsorption strength are identified,with which we have successfully analyzed the composition in a range of OSC materials in both solution and solid-state *** work not only provides an important understanding of the largely overlooked feature of reabsorption in the widely used spectroscopic techniques but also offers an effective toolbox for the composition analysis of organic semiconductors.

关键词： reabsorption effect composition analysis organic solar cells non-fullerene acceptors organic semiconductors

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Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan wang Meng wang Yanying wang Dan Tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation Clean Air Asia

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

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Perioperative complication incidence and risk factors for retroperitoneal neuroblastoma in children:analysis of 571 patients

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 250-258页

作者： Min He Jia-Bin Cai Xuan Wu Yin-Bing Tang Jin-Yan wang Jun-Qin Mao Ji-Jun Chen Li-Feng Zhang Zhong-Hai Guan Jie-ni Xiong wan-Xin Peng Jin-Hu wang Ting Tao Pediatric Cancer Research Center National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina Department of Surgical Oncology Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Cancer Center Zhejiang UniversityNo.3333 Binsheng RodeHangzhouChina

Background Surgery plays an important role in the treatment of *** complications may impact the course of neuroblastoma *** date,comprehensive analyses of complications and risk factors have been *** Patients with retroperitoneal neuroblastoma undergoing tumor resection were retrospectively analyzed between 2014 and *** data collected included clinical characteristics,operative details,operative complications and postopera-tive *** factors for perioperative complications of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma were *** A total of 571 patients were enrolled in this *** complications were observed in 255(44.7%)*** leakage(28.4%),diarrhea(13.5%),and injury(vascular,nerve and organ;7.5%)were the most frequent *** were three operation-related deaths(0.53%):massive hemorrhage(n=1),biliary tract perforation(n=1)and intestinal necrosis(n=1).The presence of image-defined risk factors(IDRFs)[odds ratio(OR)=2.09,P<0.01],high stage of the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group staging system(INRGSS)(OR=0.454,P=0.04),retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis(OR=2.433,P=0.026),superior mesenteric artery encasement(OR=3.346,P=0.003),and inferior mesenteric artery encasement(OR=2.218,P=0.019)were identified as independent risk factors for perioperative *** Despite the high incidence of perioperative complications,the associated mortality rate was quite ***-perative complications of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma were associated with IDRFs,INRGSS,retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis and vascular *** with high-risk factors should receive more serious attention during surgery but should not discourage the determination to pursue total resection of neuroblastoma.

关键词： Complication Neuroblastoma Risk factors Surgery

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Tuning the surface electronic structure of noble metal aerogels to promote the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 557-564,I0013页

作者： Hongxing Yuan Wei Gao Xinhao wan Jianqi Ye Dan Wen State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072ShaanxiChina

The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is the bottleneck for various electrochemical energy conversion *** the electronic structure of electrocatalysts by ligands has received particular attention in deriving valid ORR ***,the surface electronic structure of Ptbased noble metal aerogels(NMAs)was modulated by various organic ligands,among which the electron-withdrawing ligand of 4-methylphenylene effectively boosted the ORR *** calculations suggested the smaller energy barrier for the transformation of O^(*) to OH^(*) and downshift the d-band center of Pt due to the interaction between 4-methylphenylene and the surface metals,thus enhancing the ORR intrinsic *** Pt3ni and Pt Pd aerogels with 4-methylphenylene decoration performed significant enhancement in ORR activity and durability in different ***,the 4-methylphenylene modified Pt Pd aerogel exhibited the higher halfwave potential of 0.952 V and the mass activity of 10.2 times of commercial Pt/*** work explained the effect of electronic structure on ORR electrocatalytic properties and would promote functionalized NMAs as efficient ORR electrocatalysts.

关键词： Noble metal aerogels Surface electronic structure ORR Electrocatalyst Organic ligands

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Retinal nerve fiber layer defects and chronic kidney disease:the Kailuan Eye Study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第9期17卷 1696-1706页

作者： Qian-Qian wan Jin-Qiong Zhou Li-Jian Fang Ya-Xing wang Ye-Nan wang Qian wang Yan-ni Yan Xuan Yang Shou-Ling Wu Shuo-Hua Chen Jost B Jonas Wen-Bin Wei Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and TreatmentBeijing Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key LabMedical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China Department of Ophthalmology the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230000Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Beijing Liangxiang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 102400China Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesBeijing Tongren Eye CenterBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China Department of Ophthalmology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China Department of Cardiology Kailuan General HospitalTangshan 063000Hebei ProvinceChina Health Care Center Kailuan GroupTangshan 063000Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of HeidelbergHeidelberg 69117Germany

AIM:To investigate whether retinal nerve fiber layer defects(RNFLDs)is a potential risk factor for chronic kidney disease(CKD)in Chinese ***:The Kailuan Eye Study was a populationbased study that included 14440 *** participants underwent detailed assessments,RNFLDs were diagnosed using color fundus ***:Overall,12507 participants[8533 males(68.23%)]had complete systemic examination data and at least one evaluable fundus *** were found in 621 participants[5.0%;95%confidence interval(CI):4.6%-5.34%],and 70 cases of multiple RNFLDs were found(11.27%).After adjusting multiple factors,RNFLDs was significantly associated with CKD severity,the ORs of CKD stage 3,stage 4 and stage 5 were 1.698,4.167,and 9.512,*** RNFLDs were also associated with CKD severity after adjusting multiple factors,the ORs of CKD stage 3 and stage 5 were 4.465 and 11.833 ***,2294 participants had CKD(18.34%,95%CI:17.68%-18.99%).After adjusting for other factors,CKD presence was significantly correlated with the presence of ***:The strongest risk factors for RNFLDs are CKD and ***,RNFLDs can be an ocular feature in patients with *** can help detect systemic diseases,and assessment for RNFLDs should be considered in CKD patients.

关键词： chronic kidney disease retinal nerve fiber layer defects Kailuan Eye Study fundus examination

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以金砖机制助推“全球南方”发展的可行性分析

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东北亚论坛 2024年第4期33卷 110-126,128页

作者：杨娜万雪妮南开大学周恩来政府管理学院天津300350 南开大学全球问题研究所天津300350

随着“全球南方”国家的群体性崛起,其国际地位和影响力也随之提升。“全球南方”国家间在历史记忆、改革诉求、共同发展愿景等方面存在深刻联结。百年大变局下,金砖国家已然成为国际政治中的重要力量,其与“全球南方”均面临西方国家... 详细信息

随着“全球南方”国家的群体性崛起,其国际地位和影响力也随之提升。“全球南方”国家间在历史记忆、改革诉求、共同发展愿景等方面存在深刻联结。百年大变局下,金砖国家已然成为国际政治中的重要力量,其与“全球南方”均面临西方国家带来的地缘政治经济压力,负有推动建立更加公正合理的国际政治经济秩序的共同使命。近年来,“全球南方”国家虽然不同程度上获得了发展,但在其通往现代化的道路上,仍受到多种条件的制约。金砖国家取得的发展成就为“全球南方”提供了经验借鉴,其机制化建设和增效扩员为南方国家参与全球治理创造了开放的平台。结合自身的物质基础、价值理念与行动方案,金砖国家致力于加强与“全球南方”开展合作,积极为促进实现自主可持续发展、治理体系公正化等贡献金砖智慧与力量。

关键词：金砖机制 “全球南方” 全球治理国际秩序变革 “三大全球倡议”

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媒介化视阈下人工智能艺术创作的本质探究与价值阐释

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现代传播（中国传媒大学学报） 2024年第8期46卷 95-103页

作者：倪万郭嘉良山东大学新闻传播学院

从基于媒介技术形态的创新性定位而言,人工智能技术的应用不是对现行艺术创作价值体系的颠覆,而是对既有艺术创作模式与生产要素关系的延续,其技术形态仍然属于工具创新范畴。从人机学习与艺术创作的本质性区别而言,将算法与数据作为底... 详细信息

从基于媒介技术形态的创新性定位而言,人工智能技术的应用不是对现行艺术创作价值体系的颠覆,而是对既有艺术创作模式与生产要素关系的延续,其技术形态仍然属于工具创新范畴。从人机学习与艺术创作的本质性区别而言,将算法与数据作为底层逻辑的人工智能技术,在艺术的知识创作过程中并不具有主体性地位。作为预设的程序框架与重组的数据序列,人工智能的艺术生产机制仍是对人类经验与情感的结构化模拟。从媒介技术对于艺术文化的建构作用而言,人类社会应抵制人工智能技术对艺术创作的规范性宰制,应在技术与艺术的融合语境下,保有艺术创作的自主性与文化形式的多样性。

关键词：深度媒介化人工智能技术形态主体性艺术价值

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Chain Elongation Using Native Soil Inocula:Exceptional n-Caproate Biosynthesis Performance and Microbial Mechanisms

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 262-272页

作者： Lin Deng Yang Lv Tian Lan Qing-Lian Wu Wei-Tong Ren Hua-Zhe wang Bing-Jie ni wan-Qian Guo State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and the Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater&School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia

This study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of utilizing native soils as a resource for inocula to produce n-caproate through the chain elongation(CE)platform,offering new insights into anaerobic soil *** results reveal that all five of the tested soil types exhibit CE activity when supplied with high concentrations of ethanol and acetate,highlighting the suitability of soil as an ideal source for n-caproate *** with anaerobic sludge and pit mud,the native soil CE system exhibited higher selectivity(60.53%),specificity(82.32%),carbon distribution(60.00%),electron transfer efficiency(165.00%),and conductivity(0.59 ms∙cm^(-1)).Kinetic analysis further confirmed the superiority of soil in terms of a shorter lag time and higher yield.A microbial community analysis indicated a positive correlation between the relative abundances of Pseudomonas,Azotobacter,and Clostridium and n-caproate ***,metagenomics analysis revealed a higher abundance of functional genes in key microbial species,providing direct insights into the pathways involved in n-caproate formation,including in situ CO_(2)utilization,ethanol oxidation,fatty acid biosynthesis(FAB),and reverse beta-oxidation(RBO).The numerous functions in FAB and RBO are primarily associated with Pseudomonas,Clostridium,Rhodococcus,Stenotrophomonas,and Geobacter,suggesting that these genera may play roles that are involved or associated with the CE ***,this innovative inoculation strategy offers an efficient microbial source for n-caproate production,underscoring the importance of considering CE activity in anaerobic soil microbial ecology and holding potential for significant economic and environmental benefits through soil consortia exploration.

关键词： Soil Chain elongation n-caproate Reverse beta-oxidation Fatty acid biosynthesis Metagenomics

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