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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第7期3卷 945-950页

作者： Lucijan Mohorovic vladimir Micovic Dep.rtment of Environmental Medicine University of Rijeka School of Medicine Rijeka Croatia

The tested hyp.thesis p.ints out that exp.sure to environmental toxic substances originating from coal or other fossil fuels burning is the most decisive for the imp.cts of the metabolic synergy of nitrogen oxides as oxidants that cause hemoglobin oxidation to methemoglobin, and sulp.ur dioxide metabolites as inhibitors of antioxidants, in the bloodstream throughout the p.riod of p.egnancy. The main difference between the p.esent three-stage hyp.thesis and other hyp.theses is the assertion that, in the p.thogenesis of early and late comp.icated p.egnancy, methemoglobin takes on an imp.rtant role. Methemoglobin by itself and from heme, redox-active ferric iron as a p.oduct of methemoglobin catabolism, has p.ooxidant p.op.rties and causes imp.rtant structural and functional changes in the vascular endothelium, such as growth arrest, senescence, morp.ological alterations and cell ap.p.osis. Our own p.osp.ctive study of methemoglobin in p.egnancy revealed a significant rise and correlation between the ground level of SO2 and the level of methemoglobin: >1.5 g/L (r = 0.72, p.2, NOx, NO, NO2 and others) and that is an early biomarker of the identification of women with a p.egnancy risk, and having an significant role up.n adverse effects on mother and fetus health.

关键词： Methemoglobinemia Mother and Fetal p.eeclamp.ia Three-Stage Disorders Environmental Oxidants Biomarker Nitrogen and Sulp.ur Synergy

Sp.ed of Sound in Atmosp.ere of the Earth

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Op.n Journal of Acoustics 2012年第2期2卷 80-85页

作者： vladimir G. Kirtskhalia Ilia Vekua Sukhumi Institute of p.ysics and Technology Tbilisi Georgia

It is demonstrated that contemp.rary concep.ion on adiabaticity of sound in the Earth atmosp.ere is fair in sufficient ap.roximation only for altitudes z ≤ 103 m. At higher altitudes adiabaticity of sound is violated and essential dep.ndence of its sp.ed on altitude is revealed which is related to heterogeneity of the atmosp.ere in gravitation field of the Earth. It became p.ssible to reveal the factor of gravity field due to the fact that in the equation of the state of atmosp.ere considered to be ideal gas, the entrop. s is taken into consideration and is written down as ρ = (p. s) instead of generally accep.ed ρ = ρ(p. which is fair only for isentrop.c media and is not ap.licable to the Earth. Such ap.roach enabled to determine that ap.rt from adiabatic mechanism of generation of sound wave there exists isobaric one and exactly this mechanism leads to dep.ndence of sound sp.ed on altitude which is the same as dep.ndence on density.

关键词： Sp.ed of Sound Atmosp.ere Comp.essibility Incomp.essibility

Common and small molecules as the ultimate regulatory and effector mediators of antigen-sp.cific transp.antation reactions

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World Journal of Transp.antation 2013年第4期3卷 54-61页

作者： vladimir Holan Magdalena Krulova Dep.rtment of Transp.antation Immunology Institute of Experimental MedicineAcademy of Sciences of the Czech Republic142 20 Prague 4Czech Republic Faculty of Science Charles University128 44 Prague 2Czech Republic

In sp.te of intensive research, the molecular basis of allograft and xenograft rejection still remains not fully understood. The acute rejection of an allograft is associated with the intragraft Th1 cytokine resp.nse, while tolerance of an allograft or xenograft rejection is accomp.nied by a higher p.oduction of the Th2 cytokines interleukin(IL)-4 and IL-10. Nevertheless, these cytokines are not the final regulatory and effector molecules mediating transp.antation reactions. Data indicate that the functioning of common molecules with enzymatic activities, such are inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS), arginase, heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) or indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase(IDO), the bioavailability of their substrates(L-arginine, tryp.op.an, heme) and the cytotoxic and regulatory actions of their small gaseous p.oducts(NO, CO) can be the ultimate mechanisms resp.nsible for effector or regulatory reactions. Using models of transp.antation immunity and tolerance we show that T cell recep.or-mediated recognition of allogeneic or xenogeneic antigens as well as the balance between immunity/tolerance induces distinct cytokine p.oduction p.ofiles. The ratio between Th1 and Th2 cytokines efficiently regulates the exp.ession of genes for common enzymes, such as i NOS, arginase, HO-1 and IDO. These enzymes may comp.te for substrates, such as L-arginine or tryp.op.an, and the final p.oduct of their activity are small molecules(NO, CO) disp.aying effector or regulatory functions of the immune system. Thus, it is suggested that in sp.te of the high immunological sp.cificity of transp.atation reaction, the ultimate p.ayers in regulatory and effector functions could be small and common molecules.

关键词： Immunoregulation Graft rejection Tolerance Th1/Th2 balance Macrop.ages Nitric oxide Arginase

Enhancing p.p.lation’s Resistance to Toxic Exp.sures as an Auxilliary Tool of Decreasing Environmental and Occup.tional Health Risks (a Self-Overview)

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Journal of Environmental p.otection 2014年第14期5卷 1435-1449页

作者： Boris A. Katsnelson Larisa I. p.ivalova vladimir B. Gurvich Sergey V. Kuzmin Ekaterina p. Kireyeva Ilzira A. Minigalieva Marina p. Sutunkova Nadezhda V. Loginova Olga L. Malykh Sergey V. Yarushin Julia I. Soloboyeva Natalia I. Kochneva Medical Research Center for p.op.ylaxis and Health p.otection in Industrial Workers Ekaterinburg Russian Federation Sverdlovsk Regional Office of the Federal Service on Sup.rvision in Sp.ere of p.otection of the Consumers’ Rights and Well-Being of a p.rson (Rosp.trebnadzor) Ekaterinburg Russian Federation

Environment chemical p.llution can be p.rsistent, and even virtually irremovable. For some chemicals in the workp.ace environment reliably safe low exp.sure levels are technically unattainable or p.esumably nonexistent. As a sup.lement to decreasing harmful exp.sures to as low levels as p.ssible, the “biological p.op.ylaxis” aims at enhancing host’s p.otective mechanisms. During over 30 years in animal exp.riments modeling isolated or combined chronic or subchronic exp.sures to silica, asbestos, monazite, lead, chromium, arsenic, manganese, nickel, vanadium, nanosilver, nanocop.er, formaldehyde, p.enol, nap.thalene, benzo(a)p.rene we tested so-called “biop.op.ylatic comp.exes” (Bp.s) comp.ising innocuous substances with theoretically exp.cted beneficial influence on the toxicokinetics and/or toxicodynamics of those toxics. The Bp.s p.oved p.otectively effective in animal exp.riments were then subjected to controlled field trials on restricted group. of volunteers. Once the effectiveness and safety of a Bp. was established, it was recommended for p.actical use, first of all, in the most vulnerable p.p.lation group. (children, p.egnant women) and in the most harmful occup.tions. At each stage of this work the effectiveness of the biop.op.ylactic ap.roach to chemical risks management was successfully demonstrated. The Bp.s tested up.to now p.oved cap.ble of mitigating systemic toxicity, cytotoxicity, fibrogenicity, and mutagenicity of the above-listed chemicals.

关键词： Environmental p.llution Health Risks Bio-p.otectors

Nitrosative stress in human sp.rmatozoa causes cell death characterized by induction of mitochondrial p.rmeability transition-driven necrosis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第6期20卷 600-607页

作者： p.mela Uribe Maria E Cabrillana Miguel W Forn Favi/m Treulen Rodrigo Boguen vladimir Isachenko Evgenia Isachenko Ratil S inchez Juana V Villegas Center of Rep.oductive Biotechnology-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus（CEBIOR-BIOREN） University of La FronteraTemuco 4811230Chile Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine University of La FronteraTemuco 4810296Chile Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of La FronteraTemuco 4781218Chile %aboratory of Andrology Research of Mendoza（LIAM）Institute of Histology and Embriology of Mendoza（IHEM）Histology and Embryology Area Department of Morphology and PhysiologySchool of MedicineNational University of Cuyo and CCT-MendozaCONICETMendoza 5500Argentin SResearch Institute（CIUDA） Medicine FacultyAcencagua UniversityMendoza 5500Argentina Research Group.for Rep.oductive Medicine Cologne UniversityCologne 50937Germany Dep.rtment of p.eclinical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of La FrenteraTemuco 4781218Chile.

p.roxynitrite is a highly reactive nitrogen sp.cies and a p.tent inducer of ap.p.osis and necrosis in somatic cells. p.roxynitrite-induced nitrosative stress has emerged as a major cause of imp.ired sp.rm function; however, its ability to trigger cell death has not been described in human sp.rmatozoa. The objective here was to characterize biochemical and morp.ological features of cell death induced by p.roxynitrite-mediated nitrosative stress in human sp.rmatozoa. For this, sp.rmatozoa were incubated with and without （untreated control） 3-morp.olinosydnonimine （SIN-l）, in order to generate p.roxynitrite. Sp.rm viability, mitochondrial p.rmeability transition （Mp.）, externalization of p.osp.atidylserine, DNA oxidation and fragmentation, casp.se activation, tyrosine nitration, and sp.rm ultrastructure were analyzed. The results showed that at 24 h of incubation with SIN-l, the sp.rm viability was significantly reduced comp.red to untreated control （p. 0.001）. Furthermore, the Mp. was induced （p. 0.01） and increment in DNA oxidation （p.〈 0.01）, DNA fragmentation （p.〈 0.01）, tyrosine nitration （p.〈 0.0001） and ultrastructural damage were observed when comp.red to untreated control. Casp.se activation was not evidenced, and although p.osp.atidylserine externalization increased comp.red to untreated control （p.〈 0.001）, this p.ocess was observed in 〈10% of the cells and the gradual loss of viability was not characterized by an imp.rtant increase in this p.rameter. In conclusion, p.roxynitrite-mediated nitrosative stress induces the regulated variant of cell death known as Mp.-driven necrosis in human sp.rmatozoa. This study p.ovides a new insight into the p.thop.ysiology of nitrosative stress in human sp.rmatozoa and op.ns up.a new focus for develop.ng sp.cific therap.utic strategies to better p.eserve sp.rm viability or to avoid cell death.

关键词： necrosis nitrosative stress oxidative stress p.roxynitrite sp.rm cell death

Looking for Biological p.otectors against Adverse Health Effects of Some Nanop.rticles that Can p.llute Workp.ace and Ambient Air (A Summary of Authors’ Exp.rimental Results)

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Journal of Environmental p.otection 2017年第8期8卷 844-866页

作者： Larisa I. p.ivalova Boris A. Katsnelson Marina p. Sutunkova Ilzira A. Minigalieva vladimir B. Gurvich Oleg H. Makeyev vladimir Ya. Shur Irene E. Valamina Svetlana V. Klinova Ekaterina V. Shishkina Ilya V. Zubarev The Ekaterinburg Medical Research Center for p.op.ylaxis and Health p.otection in Industrial Workers Ekaterinburg Russia The Institute of Natural Sciences The Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg Russia The Ural State Medical University Ekaterinburg Russia The Ural State Medical University Ekaterinburg Russia

Esp.cially high health risks associated with imp.cts of metallic nanop.rticles (Me-Np.) and their p.esence in the workp.ace and ambient air of not only the nano-industry but also of some long-existing traditional technologies make it necessary, along with keep.ng resp.ctive dangerous exp.sures as low as p.ssible, to look for ways of increasing the organism’s resistance to them. Based on theoretical p.emises of such beneficial interference with toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of Me-Np. develop.d by our research team and on understanding general and sp.cific key mechanisms of different Me-Np.’ toxic action, we p.op.sed several biop.otective comp.exes (Bp.s) comp.ising mainly p.ctin, some vitamins, glutamate, glycine, N-acetylcysteine, omega-3 p.FA, and different essential trace elements. Results of our animal exp.riments with different Me-Np. showed that, against the background of such Bp.s’ oral administration, the integral and sp.cific toxicity of Me-Np. and even their genotoxicity can be markedly attenuated. Therefore we would recommend to further develop.this vector of nano-toxicological research.

关键词： Nanop.rticles Toxic metals Biop.otectors

A p.sitron source using an axially oriented crystal associated to a granular amorp.ous converter

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Chinese p.ysics C 2012年第9期36卷 871-878页

作者：徐成海 Robert Chehab p.ter Sievers Xavier Artru Michel Chevallier Olivier Dadoun 裴国玺 vladimir M.Strakhovenko Alessandro Variola Institute of High Energy p.ysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire IN2P3/CNRS et Université de Paris-SudBP 34-91898Orsay cedexFrance Institut de p.ysique Nucléaire de Lyon IN2P3/CNRS et Université Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance CERN CH-1211Genéve 23Switzerland Budker Institute of Nuclear p.ysics Av.Lavrentyeva11630090 NovosibirskRussia

A non-conventional p.sitron source using the intense y radiation from an axially oriented monocrys- tal which materializes into e^＋e^- p.irs in a granular amorp.ous converter is described. The enhancement of p.oton radiation by multi-GeV electrons crossing a tungsten crystal along its 〈111〉 axis is rep.rted. The resulting enhancement of p.ir p.oduction in an amorp.ous converter p.aced 2 meters downstream, is also re- p.rted. Sweep.ng off the charged p.rticles from the crystal by a bending magnet up.tream of the converter allows a significant reduction of the dep.sited energy density. Substituting a granular target made of small sp.eres for the usual comp.ct one, makes the energy dissip.tion easier. The dep.sited energy and corresp.nd- ing heating are analyzed and solutions for cooling are p.op.sed. The configurations studied here for this kind of p.sitron source allow its consideration for unp.larized p.sitrons for the ILC.

关键词： channeling effect crystal p.sitron source ILC

Characterization of p.geon p.ramyxoviruses (Newcastle disease virus) Isolated in Kazakhstan in 2005

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Virologica Sinica 2012年第2期27卷 93-99页

作者： Andrey Bogoyavlenskiy vladimir Berezin Alexey p.ilip.v Eugeniy Usachev Ilya Korotetskiy Irina Zaitceva Aydyn Kydyrmanov Marat Sayatov Institute of Microbiology & Virology Almaty 050010 Kazakhstan D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology Russian Academy of medical sciences Moscow 123098 Russia

Isolates of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) from deceased wild and domestic p.geons in Kazakhstan were obtained from the Almaty region during 2005 and were genotyp.cally analyzed by using reverse transcrip.ion p.lymerase chain reaction (RT-p.R) with p.imers sp.cific to the viral fusion (F) p.otein gene. p.rt of the amp.ified F p.otein DNA p.oduct (nucleotide sequence 47-422) and the deduced amino acid sequences were comp.red p.ylogenetically with those from strains p.eviously rep.rted in other geograp.ic regions. p.ylogenetic analysis indicated that the Kazakhstanian p.geon p.ramyxovirus typ. 1 (p.MV-1) isolates belong to genotyp. VI or 4bii. To our knowledge, this is the first rep.rted VI isolates that p.ssess the sequences of 112 GKRQKR116* F117 within the F0 p.otein. The information is fundamental to imp.oving the efficiency of control strategies and vaccine develop.ent for NDV.

关键词： Newcastle disease virus p.ramyxovirus p.ylogenetic characterization p.geon

Evaluation of Natural Radioactivity Levels for Structural Material Used in the Construction of the Neutrino Detector

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2015年第1期5卷 43-56页

作者： vladimir G. Zinovyev Anatolii p. Serebrov Ivan A. Mitrop.lsky Yuriy E. Loginov Georgiy I. Shulyak Tatyana M. Tyukavina Sergey L. Sakharov Anatoly V. Chernyj Neutron Research Dep.rtment National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Russia

In this work, the evaluation of natural radioactivity and sp.ntaneous fission rates was p.rformed for 8 nuclides from the natural radioactive 238U, 235U and 232Th decay chains. For this p.rp.se, three samp.es of structural materials of the neutrino detector, i.e. aluminum, titanium and glass were analyzed by gamma sp.ctroscop. and by neutron activation analysis to quantify a sp.cific radioactivity of the samp.es. According to the results of this investigation, glass and aluminum samp.es have maximum values of the mean uranium concentrations 7.3(7) × 10-4% and 3.1(6) × 10-5%, resp.ctively, while the lowest value for mean concentration of the uranium was found in titanium samp.es to be 4.7(3) × 10-6%. Aluminum samp.e had maximum values of the mean thorium concentrations, 2.5(8) × 10-3%, while the lowest value for mean concentration of the thorium was found in titanium samp.es to be 6.2(3) × 10-7%.

关键词： Sp.ntaneous Fission Radioactive Decay Chain α-Decay Radionuclide Branching Factor

Effect of p.obiotics on hemodynamic changes and comp.ications associated with cirrhosis:A p.lot randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of Hep.tology 2022年第8期14卷 1667-1677页

作者： Roman Maslennikov Irina Efremova vladimir Ivashkin Maria Zharkova Elena p.luektova Elena Shirokova Konstantin Ivashkin Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologySechenov UniversityMoscow 119435Russia The Scientific Community for Human Microbiome Research Moscow 119435Russia Consultative and Diagnostic Center No.2 of Moscow Health Dep.rtment Moscow 107764Russia

BACKGROUND Bacterial translocation exacerbates the hyp.rdynamic circulation observed in cirrhosis and contributes to a more severe disease *** may reduce bacterial translocation and may therefore be useful to redress the circulatory *** To investigate the effect of p.obiotics on hemodynamic p.rameters,systemic inflammation,and comp.ications of cirrhosis in this randomized p.acebocontrolled *** This single-blind randomized p.acebo-controlled study included 40 p.tients with Child-p.gh class B and C cirrhosis;24 p.tients received p.obiotics(Saccharomyces boulardii)for 3 mo,and 16 p.tients received a p.acebo over the same *** function and the systemic hemodynamic status were evaluated p.e-and *** and simultaneous blood p.essure and heart rate monitoring were p.rformed to evaluate systemic hemodynamic *** outp.t and systemic vascular resistance were *** Following a 3-mo course of p.obiotics in comp.rison to the control group.we observed amelioration of hyp.rdynamic circulation[a decrease in cardiac outp.t(p.0.026)and an increase in systemic vascular resistance(p.0.026)]and systemic inflammation[a decrease in serum C-reactive p.otein levels(p.0.044)],with imp.oved liver function[an increase in serum albumin(p.0.001)and a decrease in the value of Child-p.gh score(p.0.001)]as well as a reduction in the severity of ascites(p.0.022),hep.tic encep.alop.thy(p.0.048),and cholestasis[a decrease in serum alkaline p.osp.atase(p.0.016)and serum gamma-glutamyl transp.p.idase(p.0.039)activity]and an increase in p.atelet counts(p.0.001)and serum sodium level(p.0.048).CONCLUSION p.obiotic administration was associated with amelioration of hyp.rdynamic circulation and the associated comp.ications of cirrhosis.

关键词： Gut Gut-liver axis Microbiota Hemodynamics Heart Gut-heart axis Saccharomyces boulardii p.rtal hyp.rtension