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Adjuvant Rectal Diclofenac for Post Operative Analgesia after Caesarean Section—A Randomized Controlled Study

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 591-609页

作者： Eziaha Eric S. Ede Ayodele A. Olaleye John C. Irechukwu Uchenna Nelson Nwaedu Borniface N. Ejikeme vincent chidiebere ali Bartholomew I. Olinya Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Pain management following caesarean section still remains a challenge in our environment. Most potent analgesics are either not readily available or expensive. Diclofenac suppository is an NSAID that can be used for postoperative analgesia. It is available and affordable. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of combined rectal diclofenac and intramuscular pentazocine with intramuscular pentazocine alone for post operative pain control following lower segment caesarean section. METHODOLOGY: A total of 120 women who met the selection criteria scheduled for caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine were randomized into two equal groups to receive either 75 mg diclofenac suppository 12 hourly for 24 hours or one anusol suppository (the placebo) 12 hourly for 24 hours. Both groups received pentazocine as primary analgesia. RESULT: The primary outcome measure is the proportion of patients with severe pain at 24 hours using the visual analogue rating scale. Secondary outcome measures are the time from surgery to ambulation, Passage of flatus, maternal satisfaction and presence of complications. Statistical analysis was done using spss version 22 and graph pad statistical package. Student T-test was used for continuous variables whereas chi square was used for categorical variables P CONCLUSION: Adjuvant rectal diclofenac is superior to pentazocine alone in the management of pain after caesarean section. Less number of patients had moderate to severe pain at 24 hours post operation. Maternal satisfaction in relation to pain management is better with diclofenac suppository. The levels of complications were comparable in both groups.

关键词： Pain Caesarean Section Diclofenac Placebo Suppository

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Machine Learning Empowered Security and Privacy Architecture for IoT Networks with the Integration of Blockchain

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2024年第2期39卷 353-379页

作者： Sohaib Latif M.Saad Bin Ilyas Azhar Imran Hamad ali Abosaq Abdulaziz Alzubaidi vincent Karovic Jr. Department of Computer Science The University of ChenabGujrat50700Pakistan Department of Creative Technologies Air UniversityIslamabad42000Pakistan Computer Science Department College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran66244Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Umm Alqura UniversityAlQunfudah28821Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of ManagementComenius University in BratislavaBratislava82005Slovakia

The Internet of Things(IoT)is growing rapidly and impacting almost every aspect of our lives,fromwearables and healthcare to security,traffic management,and fleet management *** has generated massive volumes of data and security,and data privacy risks are increasing with the advancement of technology and network *** access control solutions are inadequate for establishing access control in IoT systems to provide data protection owing to their vulnerability to single-point OF ***,conventional privacy preservation methods have high latency costs and overhead for resource-constrained *** machine learning approaches were also unable to detect denial-of-service(DoS)*** study introduced a novel decentralized and secure framework for blockchain *** avoid single-point OF failure,an accredited access control scheme is incorporated,combining blockchain with local peers to record each transaction and verify the signature to ***-based attribute-based cryptography is implemented to protect data storage privacy by generating threshold parameters,managing keys,and revoking users on the *** innovative contract-based DOS attack mitigation method is also incorporated to effectively validate devices with intelligent contracts as trusted or untrusted,preventing the server from becoming *** proposed framework effectively controls access,safeguards data privacy,and reduces the risk of *** results depict that the suggested framework outperforms the results in terms of accuracy,precision,sensitivity,recall,and F-measure at 96.9%,98.43%,98.8%,98.43%,and 98.4%,respectively.

关键词： Machine learning internet of things blockchain data privacy security Industry 4.0

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Epidemiology of Maternal Deaths from 2017 to 2022 in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of the University Hospital of Tengandogo, Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1335-1346页

作者： Hien Dieudonné Ouédraogo Emmanuel Nacanabo Karim Toé Rolande Bouaré Sidy Yankéné Mamdata Kaboré vincent Kain Dantola Paul Ouédraogo ali Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department of the Tengandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso. Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department of Bogodogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso. Gynaecology-Obstetrics Department Yalgado Oudraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso. Hospital Pharmacy Department of the Tengandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso.

Background: Although maternal mortality is declining in most countries, it remains a significant public health problem worldwide, with high rates, particularly in developing and insecure countries like ours. Objective: To study the epidemiological factors and factors associated with the occurrence of maternal death in the Gynecology-Obstetrics Department of University Hospital of Tengandogo. Method: It was a retrospective case-control study with a descriptive and analytical purpose over a period of 6 years from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2022. Cases were women with maternal deaths during the study period. Data processing and analysis were performed using Stata version 13 software. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with Stata version 13 software, and logistic regression modeling was used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR), their 95% confidence intervals (CI), and the threshold for statistical significance was set at a p value ality rate was 1933 deaths per 100,000 live births. The average age was 28.5 years. 58.9% of patients lived in rural areas. Married patients accounted for 88.7% of cases. The average parity was 3. Direct obstetrical causes were the main causes of death, accounting for 72.6%. They were dominated by post-partum hemorrhage (24.2%), puerperal infection (18.6%), pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (16.1%) and retroplacental hematoma (8.9%). Chronic anemia (12.9%) was the main indirect obstetric cause. Risk factors associated with maternal death were primiparity (OR for paucigravida and multigravida at 0.05;P = 0.001);ambulance transport (OR for patients referred and brought in by personal vehicle = 0.3, p ality in Burkina Faso, strategies such as educating women about danger signs d

关键词： Maternal Death Epidemiology Associated Factors University Hospital of Tengandogo

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Molecular detection of viruses in Kenyan bats and discovery of novel astroviruses, caliciviruses and rotaviruses

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Virologica Sinica 2017年第2期32卷 101-114页

作者： Cecilia Waruhiu Sheila Ommeh vincent Obanda Bernard Agwanda Francis Gakuya Xing-Yi Ge Xing-Lou Yang Li-Jun Wu ali Zohaib Ben Hu Zheng-Li Shi Key Lab of Special Pathogens Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 China Institute of Biotechnology Research Jomo Kenyatta University of Science and Technology Nairobi 00200 Kenya Veterinary Services Department Kenya Wildlife Service Nairobi 00100 Kenya Mammalogy Section National Museum of Kenya Nairobi 00100 Kenya Mammalogy Section National Museum of Kenya Nairobi 00100 Kenya

This is the first country-wide surveillance of bat-borne viruses in Kenya spanning from 2012-2015 covering sites perceived to have medium to high level bat-human interaction. The objective of this surveillance study was to apply a non-invasive approach using fresh feces to detect viruses circulating within the diverse species of Kenyan bats. We screened for both DNA and RNA viruses; specifically, astroviruses （AstVs）, adenoviruses （ADVs）, caliciviruses （CalVs）, coronaviruses （CoVs）, flaviviruses, filoviruses, paramyxoviruses （PMVs）, polyomaviruses （PYVs） and rotaviruses. We used family-specific primers, amplicon sequencing and further characterization by phyloge- netic analysis. Except for filoviruses, eight virus families were detected with varying distributions and positive rates across the five regions （former provinces） studied. AstVs （12.83%）, CoVs （3.97%）, PMV （2.4%）, ADV （2.26%）, PYV （1.65%）, CalVs （0.29%）, rotavirus （0.19%） and flavivirus （0.19%）. Novel CalVs were detected in Rousettus aegyptiacus and Mops condylurus while novel Rotavirus-A-related viruses were detected in Taphozous bats and R. aegyptiacus. The two Rotavirus A （RVA） strains detected were highly related to human strains with VP6 genotypes 12 and 116. Genotype 116 has previously been assigned to human RVA-strain B10 from Kenya only, which raises public health concern, particularly considering increased human-bat interaction. Additionally, 229E-like bat CoVs were detected in samples originating from Hipposideros bats roosting in sites with high human activity. Our findings confirm the presence of diverse viruses in Kenyan bats while providing extended knowledge on bat virus distribution. The detection of viruses highly related to human strains and hence of public health concern, underscores the importance of continuous surveillance.

关键词： astroviruses (AstVs) calicivirus (CalVs) Rotavirus A 229-E-like bat coronavirus

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Analysis of Rainfall Variability on the Groundwater Levels of Wells in the Nouaho Basin in East-Central Burkina Faso

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第11期12卷 964-974页

作者： Lucien Damiba ali Doumounia vincent Casey alice Bounkoungou François Zougmoré Materials and Environment Laboratory (LA.M.E.) Department of Physics University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso WaterAid International Program Department West Africa Research and Knowledge Management Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institute of Science (IDS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Sahelian countries are confronted with a lack of reliable data on water and climate allowing them to understand the effects of climate variability. To address this situation, with the support of Water Aid, we have collected rainfall data and groundwater level in wells from 2012 to 2018 with help of local populations. Their contribution made it possible to cover a wider geographical area and to obtain the data necessary to analyze the climate variability on a small and large scale in the sub-basin of the Nouhao. The data collected are well correlated with those collected from the rain gauges of the national meteorological agency in the region of Fada N’Gourma. From 2012 to 2018, August appears to be the rainiest month. It recorded, alone, 1/3 of the average annual rainfall. The depletion of surface water tables is faster after the rainy season. The static level of the water table in the crystalline subsoil also depletes and replenishes at night after the peak water collection time, which is between noon and 8 p.m. These few years of measuring rainfall and groundwater fluctuations have shown that the correlation between rainfall and groundwater level is clearly established. Nevertheless this needs to be more investigated during a longer period to confirm the robustness of the method. On the other hand, the approach to securing water resources based on community monitoring of water resources gives good results in accordance with the National Meteorological Agency and the Directorate of water resources, however, caution recommends continuing measurements over a few decades to confirm its robustness for this aspect too.

关键词： Groundwater Climate Variability Nouhao Rainfall

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Genetic Evidence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus(MERS-Cov) and Widespread Seroprevalence among Camels in Kenya

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第6期33卷 484-492页

作者： Sheila Ommeh Wei Zhang ali Zohaib Jing Chen Huajun Zhang Ben Hu Xing-Yi Ge Xing-Lou Yang Moses Masika vincent Obanda Yun Luo Shan Li Cecilia Waruhiu Bei Li Yan Zhu Desterio Ouma vincent Odendo Lin-Fa Wang Danielle E.Anderson Jacqueline Lichoti Erick Mungube Francis Gakuya Peng Zhou Kisa-Juma Ngeiywa Bing Yan Bernard Agwanda Zheng-Li Shi Institute for Biotechnology Research Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairobi 62000-00200Kenya CAS Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China College of Biology Hunan University410006China Department of Medical Microbiology University of NairobiNairobi 30197-00100Kenya Veterinary Services Department Kenya Wildlife ServiceNairobi 40241-00100Kenya Veterinary Research Institute Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research OrganizationNairobi 57811-00200Kenya Veterinary Services Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore Directorate of Veterinary Services State Department of LivestockMinistry of AgricultureLivestock Fisheries and IrrigationNairobi 34188-00100Kenya Kenya Camel Association Nairobi 30095-00100Kenya Department of Zoology National Museums of KenyaNairobi 40658-00100Kenya

We describe the first genome isolation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV) in Kenya. This fatal zoonotic pathogen was first described in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 2012. Epidemiological and molecular evidence revealed zoonotic transmission from camels to humans and between humans. Currently, MERS-CoV is classified by the WHO as having high pandemic potential requiring greater surveillance. Previous studies of MERS-CoV in Kenya mainly focused on site-specific and archived camel and human serum samples for antibodies. We conducted active nationwide cross-sectional surveillance of camels and humans in Kenya, targeting both nasal swabs and plasma samples from 1,163 camels and 486 humans collected from January 2016 to June 2018. A total of 792 camel plasma samples were positive by ELISA. Seroprevalence increased with age, and the highest prevalence was observed in adult camels(82.37%, 95%confidence interval(CI) 79.50–84.91). More female camels were significantly seropositive(74.28%, 95% CI 71.14–77.19)than male camels(P \ 0.001)(53.74%, 95% CI 48.48–58.90). Only 11 camel nasal swabs were positive for MERS-CoV by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of whole genome sequences showed that Kenyan MERSCoV clustered within sub-clade C2, which is associated with the African clade, but did not contain signature deletions of orf4 b in African viruses. None of the human plasma screened contained neutralizing antibodies against MERS-CoV. This study confirms the geographically widespread occurrence of MERS-CoV in Kenyan camels. Further one-health surveillance approaches in camels, wildlife, and human populations are needed.

关键词： Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV) One-health Public health Zoonosis Kenya

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Comparison of Economic Dispatch, OPF and Security Constrained-OPF in Power System Studies R^N

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2022年第8期10卷 54-74页

作者： Etete Obio Siddique ali Idowu Oyebanjo Daniel Abara Farouk Suleiman Peter Ohiero Daniel Oku vincent Ogar Cross River University of Technology Calabar Nigeria The University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom University of Salford Salford United Kingdom University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom University of Strathclyde Glasgow United Kingdom

Electricity network is a very complex entity that comprises several components like generators, transmission lines, loads among others. As technologies continue to evolve, the complexity of the electricity network has also increased as more devices are being connected to the network. To understand the physical laws governing the operation of the network, techniques such as optimal power flow (OPF), Economic dispatch (ED) and Security constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) were developed. These techniques have been used extensively in network operation, planning and so on. However, an in-depth presentation showcasing the merits and demerits of these techniques is still lacking in the literature. Hence, this paper intends to fill this gap. In this paper, Economic dispatch, optimal power flow and security-constrained optimal power flow are applied to a 3-bus test system using a linear programming approach. The results of the ED, OPF and SC-OPF are compared and presented.

关键词： Economic Dispatch Linear Programming Network Operation Optimal Power Flow Security Constrained Power Flow

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Sex steroids differentially modulate mitochondrial function in male rat brain

Sex steroids differentially modulate mitochondrial function ...

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11th International Vascular Neuroeffector Mechanisms and Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Medicine Symposia, Shanghai-Suzhou 2006

作者： ali Razmara vincent Procaccio Diana N.Krause Sue P.Duckies Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of California Irvine CA 92697-4625 Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine University of California Irvine CA 92697-4625 Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of California Irvine CA 92697-4625 Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of California Irvine CA 92697-4625

As fundamental energy-producing units, mitochondria play an important role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. There is increasing evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production as key underlying mechanisms for the development of age-related diseases. We have shown that the gonadal steroids, estrogen (E) and testosterone (T), have opposing effects on inflammation in brain blood vessels, but knowledge of the impact of these sex hormones on

关键词： ROS Sex steroids differentially modulate mitochondrial function in male rat brain

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World Journal of Hepatology 2011年第6期3卷 170-174页

作者： Nourr-Eddine Farouj Jean-Franois D Cadranel ali Mofredj vincent Jouannaud Maria Lahmiri Pierre LeLann Alain Cazier Intensive Care Department Centre Hospitalier Laёnnec BP 72 60100 CreilFrance Liver Gastroenteroly and Nutrition DepartmentCentre Hospitalier Laёnnec BP 72 60100 CreilFrance Chest and Lung Department Centre Hospitalier Laёnnec BP 72 60100 CreilFrance Pathological Centre Hospitalier Laёnnec BP 72 60100 CreilFrance

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease which may involve many *** approximately 95% of patients there is liver involvement,with noncaseating hepatic granulomas occurring in 21 to 99% of patients with *** involvement is usually asymptomatic and limited to mild to moderate abnormalities in liver *** occurrence of jaundice in sarcoidosis is rare;extensive imaging procedures and the examination of liver biopsies permit a precise *** associated with sarcoidosis has been reported in less than 20 cases and can lead to biliary cirrhosis and liver-related *** report here on a case of ductopenia-related sarcoidosis in which primary biliary cirrhosis and extrahepatic cholestasis have been carefully *** patient follow up was 8 *** ursodesoxycholic acid appears to improve liver biochemistry it does not preclude the rapid occurrence of extensive fibrosis.A review of the literature of reported cases of ductopenia related to sarcoidosis is provided.

关键词： Sarcoidosis Cholestasis ductopenia Ursodeoxycholic acid

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A Kinetic Study of the Fermentation of Cane Sugar Using <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>

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Open Journal of Physical Chemistry 2014年第1期4卷 26-31页

作者： Egharevba Felix Ogbebor Clara Akpoveta Oshevwiyo vincent Department of Chemistry Ambrose Ali University Ekpoma Nigeria

The fermentation of cane sugar as substrate by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (enzyme) was critically investigated to obtain certain useful kinetic parameters and to determine the effect of temperature, pH, substrate and yeast (enzyme) concentration on the rate of fermentation. The results indicate that the rate of fermentation (measured as rate of production of CO2) increased in proportion with temperature (optimum 32°C?-?36°C), pH (optimum 5.5) substrate (optimum 50?v/v%) and yeast concentration (optimum 3.5?-?4.5?w/v%) up to a limit and subsisted?either as a plateau and/or, decreases as the case may be. This suggests that the reaction takes place in two steps. The kinetic parameters examined are maximum rate of reaction Vmax (2.0?×?102 M·min-1), catalytic constant, k2 (1.81?×?10-1 min-1), overall rate constant, k (1.53?×?101 min-1),?order of initial reaction (approx. first order),?dissociation constant of enzyme-substrate complex, ks (2.74?×?103),?Michaelis constant, km (2.74?×?103 M),?and the specific activity of enzyme on substrate concentration (1?×?10-1 w/v%). The result of this study showed that the equilibrium step involving k-1/k1 is the limiting step deciding the direction of reaction as well as the specific activity of the enzyme.

关键词： Fermentation Substrate Concentration Kinetics Cane Sugar Enzyme

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