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Mycorrhizal fungi mitigate nitrogen losses of an experimental grassland by facilitating plant uptake and soil microbial immobilization

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 399-410页

作者： Yangyang JIA Marcel g.A.van der HEIJdEN Alain Y.VALZANO-HELd Markus JOCHER Florian WALder Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Ecology College of Ecology and EnvironmentXinjiang UniversityÜrümqi 830046China Research group Plant-Soil Interactions AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland Research group Climate and Agriculture AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of ZürichZürich 8008Switzerland Research group Soil Quality and Soil Use AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland

Nitrogen(N)is one of the most limited nutrients of terrestrial ecosystems,whose losses are prevented in tightly coupled cycles in finely tuned *** change-induced N enrichment through atmospheric deposition and application of vast amounts of fertilizer are now challenging the terrestrial N *** mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are known drivers of plant-soil nutrient fluxes,but a comprehensive assessment of AMF involvement in N cycling under global change is still ***,we simulated N enrichment by fertilization(low/high)in experimental grassland microcosms under greenhouse conditions in the presence or absence of AMF and continuously monitored different N pathways over nine *** found that high N enrichment by fertilization decreased the relative abundance of legumes and the plant species dominating the plant community changed from grasses to forbs in the presence of AMF,based on aboveground *** presence of AMF always maintained plant N:phosphorus(P)ratios between 14 and 16,no matter how the soil N availability *** in plant N:P ratios due to the increased plant N and P uptake might thus be a primary pathway of AMF altering plant community ***,we constructed a comprehensive picture of AMF’s role in N cycling,highlighting that AMF reduced N losses primarily by mitigating N leaching,while N_(2)O emissions played a marginal *** mycorrhizal fungi reduced N_(2)O emissions directly through the promotion of N_(2)O-consuming *** underlying mechanism for reducing N leaching is mainly the AMF-mediated improved nutrient uptake and AMF-associated microbial *** results indicate that synergies between AMF and other soil microorganisms cannot be ignored in N cycling and that the integral role of AMF in N cycling terrestrial ecosystems can buffer the upcoming global changes.

关键词： N cycling N enrichment N uptake N:P ratio plant community structure symbiotic soil fungi

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Inbreeding and genetic load in a pair of sibling grouse species:Tetrastes sewersowi and ***

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-270页

作者： Kai Song Tom van der Valk Bin gao Peter Halvarsson Yun Fang Wendong Xie Siegfried Klaus Zhiming Han Yue-Hua Sun Jacob Hoglund Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DUppsala75236Sweden department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala75273Sweden Unit of Parasitology Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public HealthSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7036Uppsala75007Sweden Lindenhohe 5 JenaD-07749Germany The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation *** levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related characters in many species of plants and animals,including humans(inbreeding depression).genomic tech-niques are increasingly used in measuring and understanding genetic load and inbreeding and their importance in evolution and *** used whole genome resequencing data from two sibling grouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify *** found a large range of inbreeding measured as FROH(fraction of runs of homozygosity)in individuals from different populations of Chinese grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi)and Hazel grouse(***).FROH estimated from genome-wide runs of homozygosity(ROH)ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 among Chinese grouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in Hazel *** from a population of Chinese grouse residing in the Qilian mountains and from the European populations of Hazel grouse(including samples from Sweden,germany and Northeast Poland)were the most inbred(FROH ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44,respectively).These levels are comparable to other highly inbred populations of *** grouse from northern China and Chinese grouse residing in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau showed relatively lower inbreeding *** of the ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed higher levels in Chinese grouse as compared to Hazel *** results are possibly explained by higher fixation rates,mutational melt down,in the range-restricted Chinese grouse compared to the wide-ranging Hazel ***,when we compared the relatively more severe class of loss-of-function muta-tions,Hazel grouse had slightly higher levels than Chinese grouse,a result which may indicate that purifying selection(purging)has been more efficient in Chinese grouse on this class of mutations.

关键词： genetic load Inbreeding Purifying selection Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ROH Tetrastes

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One-Step Reverse Osmosis Based on Riverbank Filtration for Future drinking Water Purification

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Engineering 2022年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： Yujia Zhai gang Liu Walter g.J.van der meer Oasen drinkwater Gouda 2800 ACNetherlands Faculty of Science and Technology University of TwenteEnschede 7500 AENetherlands Key Laboratory of drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Sanitary Engineering Research group Department of Water ManagementFaculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2600 GANetherlands

The presence of newly emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment poses great challenges for drink-ing water treatment *** to their low concentrations and unknown characteristics,emerging pol-lutants cannot be efficiently removed by conventional water treatment processes,making technically,economically,and environmentally friendly water purification technologies increasingly *** article introduces a one-step reverse osmosis(OSRO)concept consisting of riverbank filtration(RBF)and reverse osmosis(RO)for drinking water *** OSRO concept combines the relatively low-cost natural pretreatment of river water with an advanced engineered purification *** pro-vides a continuous natural source of water with stable water quality and a robust barrier for *** the pre-removal of particles,organic matter,organic micro-pollutants(OMPs),and microbes,RBF becomes an ideal source for a purification system based on RO membranes,in comparison with the direct intake of surface *** treatment removes almost 99.9%of the particles,pathogens,viruses,and OMPs,as well as the vast majority of nutrients,and thus meets the requirements for the chlorine-free delivery of drinking water with high *** OSRO treatment is cost effective com-pared with the standard conventional series of purification steps involving sprinkling filters,softening,and activated *** bank filtration(ABF),which functions as an artificial recharge in combi-nation with a sand filtration system,is proposed as an alternative for RBF in the OSRO concept to supply drinking water from locally available *** is also suggested that the OSRO concept be imple-mented with wind power as an alternative energy source in order to be more sustainable and *** OSRO-based decentralized water system is proposed for water reclaiming and *** is suggested that future water treatment focus on the combination of natural and engineered systems to pro

关键词： drinking water treatment River bank filtration Reverse osmosis Artificial bank filtration Water reclamation and reuse

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Selective expansion and CMV-dependency in pregnancy trained human endometrial NK cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第4期16卷 410-411页

作者： d.Feyaerts A.van der meer I.Joosten R.g.van der Molen department of Laboratory Medicine Laboratory for Medical ImmunologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical Center6500HB NijmegenThe Netherlands

Natural killer(NK)cells are innate lymphocytes that specialize in discriminating and killing altered self-cells,such as malignant and virus-infected ***,during pregnancy,local uterine NK cells do not exhibit this killing capacity and display an important regulatory role by promoting trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling and ensuring correct placentation.1 Over the past decade,it has become clear that NK cells possess adaptive properties and innate immune memory.2 In humans,memory NK cells have mainly been described as expansions of NKg2C+and LILRB1+peripheral blood NK cells(pbNK),3 and pbNK cell subpopulation expansions expressing self-specific killer-immunoglobulin-like receptors(KIR)4 following cytomegalovirus(CMV)infection.

关键词： pregnancy killer invasion

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地磁场长期变化或与全地幔对流有关

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国际地震动态 2013年第1期34卷 9-9页

作者： Biggin A J Steinberger B Aubert J Suttie N Holme R Torsvik T H van der meer d g van Hinsbergen d J J 王君兰(编译) 不详中国科学院国家科学图书馆兰州分馆中国科学院资源环境科学信息中心

2012年7月29日，《Naturegeosci-ence》在线发表了题为＂地磁场长期变化与全地幔对流过程之间的可能联系＂（Possiblelinksbetweenlong--termgeomagneticvaria--tionsandwhole-mantleconvectionproces-ses）的文章。以Biggin为首的国际研究小组在该文中指出，在数十至数百个百万年的时间尺度上，地磁场受地幔流体活动的影响，同时，频繁的地球磁场极性倒转也可能与地幔过程有关。

关键词：地幔对流长期变化地磁场对流过程时间尺度流体活动极性倒转地球磁场

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Effects of light intensity and photoperiod on the growth and stress response of juvenile Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)in a recirculating aquaculture system

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第1期8卷 85-90页

作者： Kui Wang Kang Li Liping Liu Cristina Tanase Rainier Mols Michiel van der meer National demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture Shanghai201306China International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University Ministry of Science and TechnologyShanghai201306China Philips Lighting Aquaculture AE Eindhoven5656the Netherlands

Light is an essential natural factor of fish growth and development.A light regime in indoor aquaculture is critical for sustainable fish *** research aimed to investigate the effect of light intensity and photoperiod on the growth performance and stress response of Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus),which is an important commercial species,in a recirculating aquaculture system(RAS).Fingerlings with an average weight of 5±0.9 g were randomly assigned to nine 1.5 m3 tanks with 145 fish in each tank,cultured under different light intensities(1000,2000,and 3000 lx)and photoperiods(12L:12d,18L:6d,24L:0d),and fed to apparent satiation twice a day for 160 *** growth of tilapia subjected to 2000 lx was significantly better than that exposed to 1000 and 3000 lx(Pdicated by the final weight(351.17±10.59 g),growth efficiency(0.77±0.26),specific growth rate(2.65%±0.21%per day)and feed conversion coefficient ratio(1.30±0.36).No significant difference was observed in the growth rate among different photoperiod groups(P>0.05).Light intensity and photoperiod manipulation did not cause a significant chronic stress response in *** study demonstrated that light intensity,especially at 2000 lx,and photoperiod manipulation could stimulate the growth of tilapia in the RAS and significantly affect economic *** study also served as an important reference for tilapia indoor aquaculture.

关键词： Recirculating aquaculture system Tilapia Light intensity Photoperiod growth Stress response

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Preferential binding between intracellular organic matters and Al_(13) polymer to enhance coagulation performance

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第2期31卷 1-11页

作者： Ruiping Liu Tingting guo Min Ma Mingquan Yan Jing Qi Chengzhi Hu gang Liu Huijuan Liu Jiuhui Qu Walter van der meer Key Laboratory of drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing University of Technology Beijing Waterworks group department of Environmental Engineering Peking University Sanitary Engineering Department of Water ManagementFaculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Science and Technology University of Twente

Coagulation is the best available method for removing intracellular organic matter(IOM),which is released from algae cells and is an important precursor to disinfection by-products in drinking water treatment. To gain insight into the best strategy to optimize IOM removal, the coagulation performance of two Al salts, i.e., aluminum chloride(AlCl_3) and polyaluminum chloride(PACl, containing 81.2% Al_(13)), was investigated to illuminate the effect of Al species distribution on IOM removal. PACl showed better removal efficiency than AlCl_3 with regard to the removal of turbidity and dissolved organic carbon(dOC), owing to the higher charge neutralization effect and greater stability of pre-formed Al_(13) species. High pressure size exclusion chromatography analysis indicated that the superiority of PACl in dOC removal could be ascribed to the higher binding affinity between Al_(13) polymer and the low and medium molecular weight(MW) fractions of IOM. The results of differential log-transformed absorbance at 254 and 350 nm indicated more significant formation of complexes between AlCl_3 and IOM, which benefits the removal of tryptophan-like proteins thereafter. Additionally,PACl showed more significant superiority compared to AlCl_3 in the removal of d a and hydrophilic fractions, which are widely viewed as the most difficult to remove by *** study provides insight into the interactions between Al species and IOM, and advances the optimization of coagulation for the removal of IOM in eutrophic water.

关键词： Intracellular organic matter Coagulation Polyaluminum chloride Molecular weight distribution Hydrophilic fraction

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dispersal of invasive species by drifting

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 818-827页

作者： M.C. van RIEL g. van der VELdE A. BIJ dE VAATE Radboud University Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology Section Aquatic Animal Ecology Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands Team Freshwater Ecology DLO-Alterra P.O. Box 47 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis EO. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands Waterfauna Hydrobiologisch Adviesbureau Oostrandpark 30 8212 AP Lelystad The Netherlands

drifting can be an effective way for aquatic organisms to disperse and colonise new areas. Increasing connectivity between European large rivers facilitates invasion by drifting aquatic macroinvertebrates. The present study shows that high abundances of invasive species drift in the headstream of the river Rhine. dikerogammarus villosus and Chelicorophium cur- vispinum represented up to 90% of the total of drifting macroinvertebrates. drift activity shows seasonal and diel patterns. Most species started drifting in spring and were most abundant in the water column during the summer period. drift activity was very low during the winter period. diel patterns were apparent; most species, including d. villosus, drifted during the night. drifting macroinvertebrates colonised stony substrate directly from the water column. d. villosus generally colonised the substrate at night, while higher numbers of C. curvispinum colonised the substrate during the day. It is very likely that drifting functions as a disper- sal mechanism for crustacean invaders. Once waterways are connected, these species are no longer necessarily dependent on dispersal vectors other than drift for extending their distribution range

关键词： Amphipods Invaders Colonization drift daily rhythms Seasonal variation

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Recent developments in computer assisted rehabilitation environments

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2014年第3期29卷 137-142页

作者： Rob van der meer meer Health Ri?nzistraat 41 2555 JT ‘s-Gravenhage Netherlands

Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment(CAREN) is a system that integrates a training platform(motion base), a virtual environment, a sensor system(motion capture) and d-flow software. It is useful for both diagnostic and therapeutic use. The human gait pattern can be impaired due to disease, trauma or natural decline. gait analysis is a useful tool to identify impaired gait patterns. Traditional gait analysis is a very time consuming process and therefore only used in exceptional cases. With new systems a quick and extensive analysis is possible and provides useful tools for therapeutic purposes. The range of systems will be described in this paper, highlighting both their diagnostic use and the therapeutic possibilities. Because wounded warriors often have an impaired gait due to amputations or other extremity trauma, these systems are very useful for military rehabilitative efforts. Additionally, the virtual reality environment creates a very challenging situation for the patient, enhancing their rehabilitation experience. For that reason several Armed Forces have these systems already in use. The most recent experiences will be discussed; including new developments both in the extension of the range of systems and the improvement and adaptation of the software. A new and promising development, the use of CAREN in a special application for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSd), will also be reviewed.

关键词： Computer assisted rehabilitation environment Virtual reality Trauma Amputations Rehabilitation Posttraumatic stress disorder Military medicine

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Evolving management of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2008年第25期14卷 3956-3967页

作者： Jochem van der Voort van Zijp Harald J Hoekstra Marc d Basson department of Radiation Oncology Leiden University Medical Center department of Surgery University of Groningen Medical Center John d. dingell VA Medical Center and Wayne State University

This article reviews recent advances in surgical techniques and adjuvant therapies for colorectal cancer, including total mesorectal excision, the resection of liver and lung metastasis and advances in chemoradiation and foreshadows some interventions that may lie just beyond the frontier. In particular, little is known about the intracellular and extracellular cascades that may influence colorectal cancer cell adhesion and metastasis. Although the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinases and focal adhesion associated proteins in response to integrin-mediated cell matrix binding ("outside in integrin signaling") is well described, the stimulation of cell adhesion by intracellular signals activated by pressure prior to adhesion represents a different signal paradigm. However, several studies have suggested that increased pressure and shear stress activate cancer cell adhesion. Further studies of the pathways that regulate integrin-driven cancer cell adhesion may identify ways to disrupt these signals or block integrin-mediated adhesion so that adhesion and eventual metastasis can be prevented in the future.

关键词： Adhesion Colorectal Signaling Cancer Surgery

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