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Design and evaluation of Swift routing for payment channel network

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第2期5卷 62-72页

作者： Neeraj Sharma kalpesh kapoor v.Anirudh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039AssamIndia Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039AssamIndia

Payment Channel Networks(PCNs)are a promising alternative to improve the scalability of a blockchain network.A PCN employs off-chain micropayment channels that do not need a global block confirmation procedure,thereby sacrificing the ability to confirm transactions *** uses a routing algorithm to identify a path between two users who do not have a direct channel between them to settle a *** performance of most of the existing centralized path-finding algorithms does not scale with network *** rapid growth of Bitcoin PCN necessitates considering distributed ***,the existing decentralized algorithms suffer from resource *** present a decentralized routing algorithm,Swift,focusing on fee *** concept of a secret path is used to reduce the path length between a sender and a receiver to optimize the ***,we reduce a network structure into combinations of cycles to theoretically study fee optimization with changes in cloud *** secret path also helps in edge load sharing,which results in an improvement of *** routing achieves up to 21%and 63%in fee and throughput optimization,*** results from the simulations follow the trends identified in the theoretical analysis.

关键词： Blockchain Payment channel networks Bitcoin Lightning network Routing protocols Layer 2 protocols

Development of creative problem solvingbased framework for site planning in hill areas

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2020年第2期9卷 450-466页

作者： N.kapoor v.k.Bansal M.Jain Architecture Department National Institute of Technology(NIT)HamirpurHimachal Pradesh177005India Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology(NIT)HamirpurHimachal Pradesh177005India School of Planning and Architecture(SPA) VijaywadaAndhra Pradesh520008India

The growing urbanization of hill towns results in an increasing demand for infrastructural *** facilities are generally planned without considering the effects of the surroundings as well as their effects on the sensitive ecosystem of hill *** planning decisions are taken on the basis of judgment and experience of planners in the absence of a rational and quantitative framework for ensuring the sustainable development of hill *** scenario generates the need for an efficient site planning *** planning is a creative problem solving(CPS)***,in the current study,the CPSbased framework is developed as ***,existing CPS-based frameworks for planning and designing are ***,the framework is developed for site planning in hill ***,the developed framework is validated through planning infrastructural facilities of an institutional campus on a site located in hill *** major strength of the developed framework includes three cycles,namely,understand,process,and *** planning decisions are taken through the generation of alternate scenarios and their subsequent evaluation on the basis of impact on the sensitive ecosystem of hill areas.

关键词： Site planning Creative problem solving framework Analytic hierarchy process Geographic information system

Development and optimization of nanoemulsion gel for topical delivery of imiquimod

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2018年第1期27卷 31-39页

作者： Gurvinder kaur Tanurajvir kaur Deepak N.kapoor School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lovely Professional University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences

In the present study,we aimed to formulate,optimize and characterize nanoemulsion-based gel of imiquimod for its topical administration and to improve the drug *** were prepared by the aqueous phase titration method and spontaneously formed by mixing specific fractions of oil phase:Smix:*** nanoemulsion formulations were optimized by response surface methodology(RSM) using mixture design,Scheffe *** formulated nanoemulsion was incorporated into 0.5% Carbopol 934(w/v) to enhance convenience in superficial application of the *** nanoemulsions were characterized in terms of droplet size,zeta potential,TEM,DSC and in vitro drug *** vesicle size was 113.6 nm with polydispersity index of *** zeta potential was 34 m *** spherical droplet shape was confirmed by TEM *** drug permeation from the diffusion membrane was 73.67% in 6 h for the optimized *** optimized nanoemulsion gel formulation of imiquimod was successfully developed with improved permeation using experimental design *** developed formulation could be further explored as a potential alternate to currently available topical formulations for the treatment of genital warts.

关键词： Imiquimod Condyloma acuminata Human papilloma virus Genital warts Nanoemulsions

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Performance analysis of SiGe double-gate N-MOSFET

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Journal of Semiconductors 2017年第4期38卷 38-44页

作者： A.Singh D.kapoor R.Sharma Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vaish College of EngineeringRohtak 124001India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Northern India Engineering CollegeNew Delhi 110053India

The major purpose of this paper is to find an alternative configuration that not only minimizes the limitations of single-gate（SG） MOSFETs but also provides the better replacement for future *** this paper,the electrical characteristics of SiGe double-gate N-MOSFET are demonstrated and compared with electrical characteristics of Si double-gate ***,in this paper the electrical characteristics of Si doublegate N-MOSFET are demonstrated and compared with electrical characteristics of Si single-gate *** simulations are carried out for the device at different operational voltages using Cogenda visual TCAD ***,we have designed its structure and studied both Id-vg characteristics for different voltages namely 0.05,0.1,0.5,0.8,1 and 1.5 v and Id-vd characteristics for different voltages namely 0.1,0.5,1 and 1.5 v at work functions 4.5,4.6 and 4.8 ev for this *** performance parameters investigated in this paper are threshold voltage,DIBL,subthreshold slope,GIDL,volume inversion and MMCR.

关键词： double gate MOSFET DIBL GIDL volume inversion SiGe Genius tool

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试验合成了桉树异源四倍体

广东林业科技 1986年第3期 46-48页

作者： M·L·kapoor v·k·SHARMA 朱大业

用秋水仙碱进行诱导,获得了桉树异源四倍体,这是桉属品种中最早的报道。试验中对异源四倍体（E·tereticorhis×E·g-randis,4n=44）与二倍体（F1 E·tereti-cornis×E·grandis,2n=22）的各种形态特征进行了比较。与二倍体相比,异源四... 详细信息

用秋水仙碱进行诱导,获得了桉树异源四倍体,这是桉属品种中最早的报道。试验中对异源四倍体（E·tereticorhis×E·g-randis,4n=44）与二倍体（F1 E·tereti-cornis×E·grandis,2n=22）的各种形态特征进行了比较。与二倍体相比,异源四倍体的叶、花、果实和种子等都很特别,某些特点表现还很突出。用二倍体 E·tereticornis和 *** 的花粉与异源四倍体杂交,也合成了异源三倍体,记录表明,异源三倍体在苗期比二倍体和四倍体生长要快。同时,正在研究其生长特性和经济价值的其他特征。这种生物技术还可以用于异源多倍体的快速繁殖和对原株进行不同用途的遗传学改良。

关键词：异源四倍体形态特征异源多倍体桉属生苗 Raphanus 生长优势秋水仙碱花粉粒杂种苗

CD26: A prognostic marker of other systemic malignancies besides colo-rectal carcinomas

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2012年第8期3卷 126-127页

作者： Shailendra kapoor Private practice 7487 Sherwood Crossing place # 302 Mechanicsville VA 23111 United States

I read with great interest the recent article by Cordero et al in a recent issue of your esteemed ***,the past few years have seen the emergence of CD26 as an important diagnostic and prognostic marker for a number of systemic malignancies besides colo-rectal *** instance,serum CD26 levels are an important emerging marker of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia(B-CLL).In fact,Molica et al have recently reported shorter time to first treatment in B-CLL which exhibit higher serum CD26 levels and simultaneously demonstrate absence of mutation in Ig v(H).Similarly,CD26 serves as a marker of poor prognosis in T cell ***,a poor response to 2’-deoxycoformycin is seen T cell lymphomas expressing ***,breast carcinomas exhibit decreased CD26 mean fluorescence intensity and a decreased percentage of CD26 positive lymphocytes in comparison to benign breast tumors and healthy individuals.

关键词： CD26 Cancer Carcinogenesis Colon cancer Marker

Immunogenicity, Safety and Efficacy Comparison of Wockhardt’s Biosimilar Insulin Glargine—Glaritus®with Reference Product— Lantus®: Study Protocol &Early Data Trends

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2018年第8期8卷 157-166页

作者： S. k. Sharma A. k. Ajmani P. khosla P. Mukhopadhyay G. Bhatia k. G. Prakash G. Chhaya P. D. Supe v. Pavithran H. Bora R. Jain S. Ingole A. Shah Diabetes Thyroid and Endocrine Centre Jaipur India BL kapoor Hospital Delhi India Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Delhi India Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research Kolkata India Medipoint Hospitals Pvt. Ltd. Pune India Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute Bangalore India Sanjivani Supers Peciality Hospital Ahmedabad India Supe Heart and Diabetes Hospital and Research Centre Nashik India kvM Hospital Kerala India Downtown Hospital Guwahati India Wockhardt Ltd. Mumbai India

Objective: Present Phase Iv Trial is aimed at evaluating the immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy of Wockhardt’s insulin glargine, Glaritus®in comparison with reference insulin glargine, Lantus®in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), inadequately controlled on oral hypoglycaemics. Setting: A head-to-head, prospective, open-label, parallel group, randomized, Phase Iv, non-inferiority study over 6 months treatment conducted in 10 centres in India. Participants: Considering 20% drop-out rate, 180 subjects of either sex, age 18 - 55 years, diagnosed with T2DM with body mass index (BMI) 18 - 38 kg/m2 and HbA1c levels 8.0% - 10.0% inadequately controlled by 1 or more oral hypoglycaemics and according to investigator needed glargine treatment were enrolled in the study. Interventions: Subjects self-administered insulin glargine (Glaritus®or Lantus®) subcutaneously once daily for 6 months. Treatment in Glaritus®arm was continued till 12 months. Percentage change in anti-insulin antibody (AIA) titre and HbA1C was ascertained at every 3 months interval. The tests were performed at accredited central laboratory. Treat-to-target dose titration: Starting doses of Glaritus®and Lantus®was 10 units (or 0.2 units/kg) once daily. The target fasting blood glucose was 70 to 130 mg/dL. Daily glargine dose was titrated by ±10% based on average of last 3 FBG values being out of target range and presence of nocturnal hypoglycemia. Early data trends: First interim analysis was planned once 100 subjects complete visit 8 (6 months treatment). By then, 119 subjects (78 males and 41 females) with mean age 46.3 years were enrolled, of which 90 (75.6%) subjects had evaluable data. The results of analysis indicated trend of comparability between Glaritus®and Lantus®at the end of 6 months in terms of immunogenicity (% change in AIA titre from baseline, −10.52 ± 23.06 vs. 0.48 ± 63.95), glycemic control (change in HbA1c from baseline, −1.09%

关键词： Insulin Antibodies Immunogenicity Insulin Glargine Biosimilar HbA1c