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Phylofloristics:an example from the Lesser Antilles

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第2期7卷 166-175页

作者： Nathan G.Swenson María N.umaña Department of Plant Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan 48824USA

Aims The last decade has seen many plant ecologists integrating phylogenetic analysis into ecology to explain patterns of species cooccurrence and compositional similarity across *** the advances in this area,there are still some challenges that need to be *** challenge is that most of the phylogenetic studies of plant assemblages have focused only on a small proportion of all of the vascular plants that co-occur(*** plants),while much of the remaining co-occurring flora has been *** Here we introduce an analytical approach that we term phylofloristics that analyzes the compositional similarity of floras in relation to spatial and environmental gradients to understand their *** an illustration,we assembled a large phylogenetic tree for the flora of the Lesser Antilles and evaluated the patterns of floristic and phylofloristic similarity among the island-specific *** analyzed the relationship of these similarities with spatial and environmental distance and compared the results for non-endemic and endemic *** Findings The results show a major influence of environmental heterogeneity on the assembly of island floras and far less evidence for the importance of dispersal limitation of lineages and *** study highlights the importance of incorporating broader taxonomic sampling to improve our understanding of assembly processes in *** expect future phylofloristic studies will improve the approach we have taken by generating more refined phylogenetic trees and by incorporating phylogeographic information.

关键词： biogeography Caribbean flora phylogeny plant geography

Effects of geraniin(rambutan rind extract) on blood pressure and metabolic parameters in rats fed high-fat diet

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第2期17卷 100-106页

作者： Sonia Chew Wen Phang uma Devi Palanisamy Khalid Abdul Kadir School of Medicine and Health Sciences Monash University Malaysia

Objective: A preliminary study showed that geraniin extracted from Nephelium lappaceum L. at 50 mg/kg caused reduction in blood glucose and insulin resistance. The present study serves to further investigate the effects of geraniin at increasing doses between 3.125 and 100 mg/kg in high-fat diet-treated ***: Geraniin(95% purity) was extracted and purified from rambutan rind. Two groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with 60% high-fat diet and standard rat chow, respectively, for 12 ***-fat diet-treated rats were then administered geraniin at different doses. Body weight, blood pressure and blood glucose readings were measured. At the end of treatment, blood was collected for analysis of glycated haemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), insulin, advanced glycation end-product(AGE) levels, renin, aldosterone and ***: Within the first week of treatment, even the lowest dose of geraniin caused a significant reduction in blood pressure, which was comparable to control diet-treated rats. There were no changes in serum electrolytes, renin or aldosterone. Similarly, there was a significant reduction in serum insulin,insulin resistance and AGE levels at the lowest dose. However, there was no significant decrease in fasting blood glucose or HbA1c. The effects of decreasing insulin, insulin resistance and AGEs were observed only at the lower doses, unlike the results observed for blood pressure ***: Geraniin at lower doses improved blood pressure and other metabolic parameters. Secondary metabolites of geraniin, associated with antihypertensive activity, are relatively different to those involved in inhibiting AGE formation and increasing insulin sensitivity. The secondary metabolites of geraniin may be individually responsible for the bioactivities demonstrated.

关键词： Metabolic syndrome Hypertension Hyperglycemia Insulin resistance Advanced glycation end-product levels Geraniin

Seaweed nutraceuticals and their therapeutic role in disease prevention

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2019年第3期8卷 252-263页

作者： Abirami R.Ganesan uma Tiwari Gaurav Rajauria School of Applied Sciences College of EngineeringScience and TechnologyFiji National UniversityFiji School of Science Institute of Technology SligoBallinodeCo.SligoIreland School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinLyons Research FarmCelbridgeCo.KildareIreland

There is a growing interest that bioactive compounds from seaweed can play a major therapeutic role in disease prevention in *** bioactives including polysaccharides,pigments,fatty acids,polyphenols and peptides have been proven to possess various beneficial biological properties that could potentially contribute to functional food and nutraceutical *** bioactive are explored for functional properties such as antioxidant,antibacterial,anticancer,antidiabetic,antitumor,antiviral,anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties,both in an in-vitro and in-vivo model *** review critically examines the existing scientific knowledge on primary and secondary metabolites from seaweed and their functional properties for health-related *** presents an update on the most recent evidence relating to their effect on health-related conditions and their action on cellular *** advancement and challenges for seaweed bioactive as a nutraceutical in relation to their biocompatibility and bioavailability to understand their therapeutic development is discussed.

关键词： Functional ingredients Glucose metabolism Lipid metabolism Macroalgae Bioavailability

Development,characterization and solubility enhancement of comparative dissolution study of second generation of solid dispersions and microspheres for poorly water soluble drug

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第5期10卷 433-441页

作者： Poovi Ganesan Rajpriyadarsini Soundararajan uma Shanmugam Vinothini Ramu Department of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyMother Theresa Post Graduate and Research Institute of Health Sciences(A Government of Puducherry Institution)Puducherry 605006India

The poor dissolution characteristics of water-insoluble drugs are a major challenge for pharmaceutical *** of the particle size/increase in the surface area of the drug is a widely used and relatively simple method for increasing dissolution *** objective of this study was to improve solubility,release and comparability of dissolution of a poorly soluble drug using two different types of formulations(solid dispersions and microspheres).Hydrochlorothiazide was used as a model *** solid dispersions and microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation method using ethyl cellulose,hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in different drug-to-carrier ratios(1:1,1:2 w:w).The prepared formulations were evaluated for interaction study by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry,percentage of practical yield,drug loading,surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy,optical microscopy and in-vitro release *** results showed no interaction between the drug and polymer,amorphous state of solid dispersions and microspheres,percentage yield of 42.53%to 78.10%,drug content of 99.60%to 99.64%,good spherical appearance in formulation VI and significant increase in the dissolution rate.

关键词： Hydrochlorothiazide Ethyl cellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Second generation solid dispersion Microsphere Solvent evaporation method

Enhancing diamond drilling performance by the addition of non-ionic polymer to the flushing media

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Mining Science and Technology 2010年第3期20卷 400-405页

作者： BHATNAGAR Anupam KHANDELWAL Manoj RAO Karanam uma Maheshwar Department of Mining Engineering College of Technology & EngineeringMaharana Pratap University of Agrl & TechnologyUdaipur 313001India Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

Drilling is a most important and crucial operation in the excavation *** the objective of looking into the enhancement of diamond drilling performance detailed laboratory investigations were carried out on phosphate *** effect of Poly（Ethylene Oxide）（PEO） added to the drilling water was studied by varying machine parameters and PEO *** responses were rate of penetration and torque at the bit rock *** durability tests were also performed to understand the slaking behavior of phosphate rock in PEO solutions.

关键词： rotary diamond drilling flushing media polyethylene oxide rate of penetration torque zero surface charge drilling

Fuzzy Based Adaptive Clustering to Improve the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network

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China Communications 2019年第12期16卷 56-71页

作者： D.uma Maheswari S.Sudha M.Meenalochani National Institute of Technology

The objective of the recently proposed fuzzy based hierarchical routing protocol F-SCH is to improve the lifetime of a Wireless Sensor Network. Though the performance of F-SCH is better than LEACH, the randomness in CH selection inhibits it from attaining enhanced lifetime. CBCH ensures maximum network lifetime when CH is close to the centroid of the cluster. However, for a widely distributed network, CBCH results in small sized clusters increasing the inter cluster communication cost. Hence, with an objective to enhance the network lifetime, a fuzzy based two-level hierarchical routing protocol is proposed. The novelty of the proposal lies in identification of appropriate parameters used in Cluster Head and Super Cluster Head selection. Experiments for different network scenarios are performed through both simulation and hardware to validate the proposal. The performance of the network is evaluated in terms of Node Death. The proposal is compared with F-SCH and the results reveal the efficacy of the proposal in enhancing the lifetime of network.

关键词： hierarchical routing node degree centrality network lifetime fuzzy wireless sensor networks

In Vitro Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Ethanolic Extract of the Whole Plant of Evolvulus Alsinoides(L.) L.

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第6期21卷 453-458页

作者： Duraisamy Gomathi Ganesan Ravikumar Manokaran Kalaiselvi Balasubramaniam Vidya Chandrasekar uma Department of Biochemistry Karpagam University

Objective： To identify the free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides. Methods： The free radical scavenging activity was evaluated by in vitro methods like reducing power assay, total antioxidant activity, 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） reduction, superoxide radical scavenging activity, 2,2＇-azinobis-（3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid）（ABTS＊） scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, and nitric oxide radical scavenging assay, which were studied by using ascorbic acid as standard. Results： The extract showed significant activities in all antioxidant assays compared with the reference antioxidant ascorbic acid. The total antioxidant activity as well as the reducing power was also found to increase in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion： Evolvulus alsinoides may act as a chemopreventive agent, providing antioxidant properties and offering effective protection from free radicals.

关键词： Evolvulus alsinoides ethanolic extract total antioxidant reducing power ascorbic acid convolvulaceae

Progress in bioactive surface coatings on biodegradable Mg alloys:A critical review towards clinical translation

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第1期19卷 717-757页

作者： Navdeep Singh uma Batra Kamal Kumar Neeraj Ahuja Anil Mahapatro Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Punjab Engineering CollegeChandigarh160012India Department of Mechanical Engineering Punjab Engineering CollegeChandigarh160012India Department of Biomedical Engineering Wichita State UniversityWichitaKS67260United States

Mg and its alloys evince strong candidature for biodegradable bone implants,cardiovascular stents,and wound closing ***,their rapid degradation rate causes premature implant failure,constraining clinical ***-functional surface coatings have emerged as the most competent strategy to fulfill the diverse clinical requirements,besides yielding effective corrosion *** article reviews the progress of biodegradable and advanced surface coatings on Mg alloys investigated in recent years,aiming to build up a comprehensive knowledge framework of coating techniques,processing parameters,performance measures in terms of corrosion resistance,adhesion strength,and *** developed conversion and deposition type surface coatings are thoroughly discussed by reporting their essential therapeutic responses like osteogenesis,angiogenesis,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,anti-bacterial,and controlled drug release towards in-vitro and in-vivo study *** challenges associated with metallic,ceramic and polymeric coatings along with merits and demerits of various coatings have been *** use of multilayered hybrid coating comprising a unique combination of organic and inorganic components has been emphasized with future perspectives to obtain diverse bio-functionalities in a facile single coating system for orthopedic implant applications.

关键词： Mg alloys Corrosion resistance Bio-functionality Conversion coating Multilayered hybrid coating Coating failures

Tree species diversity and stand structure along major community types in lowland primary and secondary moist deciduous forests in Tripura,Northeast India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第4期23卷 553-568页

作者： Koushik Majumdar uma Shankar Badal Kumar Datta Plant Taxonomy and Biodiversity Laboratory Department of BotanyTripura UniversitySuryamaninagar-799130TripuraIndia Ecosystem Research Laboratory Centre for Advanced Studies in BotanySchool of Life ScienceNorth-Eastern Hill UniversityShillong-793022MeghalayaIndia

Tree species diversity and population structure at different community types were described and analyzed for primary and secondary lowland moist deciduous forests in Tripura. Overall 10,957 individual trees belonging to 46 family, 103 genera and 144 species were counted at ≥30 cm DBH （diameter at breast height） using 28 permanent belt transects with a size of 1 ha （10 m × 1000 m）. Four different tree communities were identified. The primary forests was dominated by Shorea robusta （mean density 464.77 ***^-1, 105 species） and Schima wallichii （336.25 ***^-1, 82 species）, while the secondary forests was dominated by Tectona grandis （333.88 ***^-1, 105 species） and Hevea brasiliensis （299.67 ***^-1, 82 species）. Overall mean basal area in this study was ***^-1; the maximum value was recorded in primary Shorea forest （26.21 ***^-1）. Mean density and diversity indices were differed significantly within four different communities. No significant differences were observed in number of species, genera, family and tree basal cover area. Significant relationships were found between the species richness and different tree population groups across the communities. Results revealed that species diversity and density were increased in those forests due to past disturbances which resulted in slow accumu- lation of native oligarchic small tree species. Seventeen species were recorded with 〈2 individuals of which Saraca asoka （Roxb.） de Wilde and Entada phaseoloides （L.） Men＇. etc. extensively used in local ethnomedicinal formulations. The present S. robusta Gaertn dominated forest was recorded richer （105 species） than other reported studies. Moraceae was found more speciose family instead of Papilionaceae and Euphorbiaceae than other Indian moist deciduous forests. Seasonal phenological gap in such moist deciduous forests influenced the population of Trachypithecus pileatus and capped langur. The analysis of FIV suggested a slow trend of shifting the p

关键词： diversity and stand structure moist deciduous forest species conservation tree community types