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High-yield and rapid isolation of extracellular vesicles by flocculation via orbital acoustic trapping:FLOAT

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 313-323页

作者： Joseph Rufo Peiran Zhang Zeyu Wang Yuyang Gu Kaichun Yang Joseph rich Chuyi Chen Ruoyu Zhong Ke Jin Ye He Jianping Xia Ke Li Jiarong Wu Yingshi Ouyang Yoel Sadovsky Luke P.Lee Tony Jun Huang Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Obstetrics Gynecologyand Reproductive SciencesMagee-Womens Research InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Bioengineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Biophysics Institute of Quantum BiophysicsSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)have been identified as promising biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of various ***,challenges in separating EVs from soluble proteins have resulted in variable EV recovery rates and low ***,we report a high-yield(>90%)and rapid(ulation via Orbital Acoustic Trapping(FLOAT).The FLOAT approach utilizes an acoustofluidic droplet centrifuge to rotate and controllably heat liquid *** adding a thermoresponsive polymer flocculant,nanoparticles as small as 20 nm can be rapidly and selectively concentrated at the center of the *** demonstrate the ability of FLOAT to separate urinary EVs from the highly abundant Tamm-Horsfall protein,addressing a significant obstacle in the development of EV-based liquid *** to its high-yield nature,FLOAT reduces biofluid starting volume requirements by a factor of 100(from 20 mL to 200µL),demonstrating its promising potential in point-of-care diagnostics.

关键词： trapping utilize separating

Refining aquifer heterogeneity and understanding groundwater recharge sources in an intensively exploited agrarian dominated region of the Ganga Plain

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 134-147页

作者： Abhinav Patel Shive Prakash Rai Nijesh Puthiyottil Abhinesh Kumar Singh Jacob Noble Rajesh Singh Dharmappa Hagare u.D.Saravana Kumar Nachiketa Rai Kossitse Venyo Akpataku Department of Geology Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar Pradesh 221005India Isotope and Radiation Application Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai 400085India Environmental Hydrology Division National Institute of HydrologyRoorkeeUttarakhand 247667India School of Engineering Design and Built EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityAustralia Isotope Hydrology Section Division of Physical and Chemical SciencesInternational Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)ViennaAustria Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkeeUttarakhand 247667India Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Environmental Science Department of ChemistryUniversity of KaraPO Box 404KaraTogo

Densely populated region of Ganga Plain is facing aquifer vulnerability through waterborne pollutants and groundwater stress due to indiscriminate abstraction,causing environmental and socio-economic *** address long-term groundwater resilience,it is crucial to understand aquifer heterogeneity and connectivity,groundwater recharge sources,effects of groundwater abstraction *** this con-text,present study aims to understand factors responsible for vertical and spatial variability of groundwater chemistry and to identify groundwater recharge sources in an intensively exploited agrarian region of the Ganga *** of chemometric,statistical,and isotopic analysis categorises the alluvial aquifer into zone 1(G1;ground surface to 100 m)and zone 2(G2;>100 m-210 m).The group G1 samples are characterized by a wide variation in hydrochemical species,noted with pockets of F-and NO3-rich groundwater,and fresh to more evolved water types,while group G2 groundwater is characterized by a sharp increase in freshwater types and limited variation in their isotopic and hydrochemical *** G1 groundwater chemistry is governed by soil mineralogy,local anthropogenic inputs(SO42-,Cl-,and NO3-),and manifested by multiple recharge sources(local precipitation,river,canal water,pond).The G2 group is dominated by geogenic processes and mainly recharged by the local *** signatures confirm more evolved water type for group G1 in northwestern region,while fresh-water type covers the rest of the study *** rich groundwater is attributed to sodic water under alkaline conditions and enrichedδ18O values emphasizing role of evaporation in F-mobilization from micas and amphiboles abundant in the *** findings provide insight into potential groundwater vulnerability towards inorganic contaminants,and ground water recharge *** outcome of this study will help to develop aquifer resilience towards indiscriminate groundwater extrac

关键词： Stable isotopes Hydrogeochemical attributes Groundwater recharge sources Ganga Plain

Exercise training mode effects on myokine expression in healthy adults:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 764-779页

作者： Francesco Bettariga Dennis R.Taaffe Daniel A.Galvao Pedro Lopez Chris Bishop Anna Maria Markarian Valentina Natalucci Jin-Soo Kim Robert u.Newton Exercise Medicine Research Institute Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia Pleural Medicine unit Institute for Respiratory HealthPerthWA 6009Australia Medical School Faculty of Health&Medical SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Grupo de Pesquisa em Exercicio para Populacoes Clinicas(GPCLIN) Universidade de Caxias do SulCaxias do SulRio Grande do Sul 95070-560Brazil London Sport Institute School of Science and TechnologyMiddlesex UniversityLondonNW44BTUK Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of MilanMilan 20133Italy School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia

Background:The benefits of exercise are well known;however,many of the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully *** muscle secretes myokines,which mediate muscleorgan *** regulate satellite-cell proliferation and migration,inflammatory cascade,insulin secretion,angiogenesis,fatty oxidation,and cancer *** date,the effects of different exercise modes(namely,aerobic and resistance exercise)on myokine response remain to be *** is crucial considering the clinical implementation of exercise to enhance general health and wellbeing and as a medical ***:A systematic search was undertaken in PubMed,MEDLINE,CINAHL,Embase,SPORTDiscus,andWeb of Science in April *** studies examining the effects of a single bout of exercise on interleukin15(IL-15),irisin,secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC),oncostatinM(OSM),and decorin were included.A random-effects meta-analysis was also undertaken to quantify the magnitude of ***:Sixty-two studies were included(n=1193).Overall,exercise appeared to induce small to large increases in myokine expression,with effects observed immediately after to 60 min post-exercise,although these were mostly not statistically *** aerobic and resistance exercise resulted in changes in myokine levels,without any significant difference between training modes,and with the magnitude of change differing across *** levels returned to baseline levels within 180 min to 24 h ***,owing to potential sources of heterogeneity,most changes were not statistically significant,indicating that precise conclusions cannot be ***:Knowledge is limited but expanding with respect to the impact of overall and specific effects of exercise on myokine expression at different time points in the systemic *** research is required to investigate the effects of different exercise modes at multiple time points on myok

关键词： Myokine Resistance exercise Aerobic exercise Cytokine Systemic circulation

Acoustofluidics for simultaneous nanopartide-based drug loading and exosome encapsulation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第2期8卷 149-159页

作者： Zeyu Wang Joseph rich Nanjing Hao Yuyang Gu Chuyi Chen Shujie Yang Peiran Zhang Tony Jun Huang Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

Nanocarrier and exosome encapsulation has been found to significantly increase the efficacy of targeted drug delivery while also minimizing unwanted side ***,the development of exosome-encapsulated drug nanocarriers is limited by low drug loading efficiencies and/or complex,time-consuming drug loading ***,we have developed an acoustofluidic device that simultaneously performs both drug loading and exosome *** synergistically leveraging the acoustic radiation force,acoustic microstreaming,and shear stresses in a rotating droplet,the concentration,and fusion of exosomes,drugs,and porous silica nanoparticles is *** final product consists of drug-loaded silica nanocarriers that are encased within an exosomal *** drug loading efficiency is significantly improved,with nearly 30%of the free drug(e.g.,doxorubicin)molecules loaded into the ***,this acoustofluidic drug loading system circumvents the need for complex chemical modification,allowing drug loading and encapsulation to be completed within a matter of *** exosome-encapsulated nanocarriers exhibit excellent efficiency in intracellular transport and are capable of significantly inhibiting tumor cell *** utilizing physical forces to rapidly generate hybrid nanocarriers,this acoustofluidic drug loading platform wields the potential to significantly impact innovation in both drug delivery research and applications.

关键词： exosome loading simultaneous

Nucleon Effective Mass in Asymmetric Nuclear Matter within Extended Brueckner Approach

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第4期29卷 47-50页

作者： GAN Sheng-Xin ZuO Wei u.Lombardo Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000 Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Department of Physics and Astrophysics Catania UniversityVia Santa Sofia 64I-95123Italy

The on-shell properties of the nucleon effective mass in asymmetric nuclear matter are investigated in the framework of an extended Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (BHF) *** proton and neutron effective masses in neutron-rich nuclear matter are predicted by including both the effect of ground state correlations and the threebody force (TBF) rearrangement *** this framework,the neutron effective mass is predicted *to be larger than the proton one in neutron-rich nuclear matter,i.e.,m*n ≥ m**** effect of ground state correlations turns out to be dominated at low densities and it leads to a strong enhancement of the effective *** TBF rearrangement contribution becomes predominant over the effect of ground state correlations at high densities and it reduces remarkably the absolute magnitude of the isospin splitting of the neutron and proton effective masses in neutron-rich matter at high densities.

关键词： rearrangement absolute Hartree

A Comparison of SuperDARN-Derived Plasma Convection and DMSP Ion Drift Measurements

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Wuhan university Journal of Natural Sciences 2007年第2期12卷 279-283页

作者： Xu Liang Xu Jisheng Koustov Alexandre Papitashvili Vladimir rich Fedrich School of Electronic Information Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 Hubei China Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon S7N 5E2 Saskatchewan Canada Space Physics Research Laboratory University of Michigan Ann Arbor 48109 Michigan U.S.A. Air Force Research Laboratory Hanscom Air Force Base 01731 Massachusetts U.S.A.

Recently several studies indicated possible deterioration of accuracy in the SuperDARN convection measurements at large distances （〉2 500 km）. In this study, the SuperDARN-derived convection was compared with ion drift measurements given by the DMSP satellites, focused on SuperDARN far-range measurements, to investigate the above-mentioned problem. Two different procedures of SuperDARN convection estimation were applied. An overall reasonable agreement between two observation systems were found though individual points in some passes show significant differences. Besides, a tendency is also clear that the SuperDARN-derived velocities were slightly smaller than those of DMSP ion drift measurements. Potential factors contributing to the velocity differences were explained.

关键词： ionosphere plasma convection ion drift SuperDARN

Single particle potentials of asymmetric nuclear matter in different spin-isospin channels

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Chinese Physics C 2012年第10期36卷 967-972页

作者：左维甘胜鑫 u.Lombardo Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics and Astrophysics Catania University

We investigate the neutron and proton single particle （s.p.） potentials of asymmetric nuclear matter and their isospin dependence in various spin-isospin ST channels within the framework of the BruecknerHartree-Fock approach. It is shown that in symmetric nuclear matter, the s.p. potentials in both the isospinsinglet T = 0 channel and isospin-triplet T = 1 channel are essentially attractive, and the magnitudes in the two different channels are roughly the same. In neutron-rich nuclear matter, the isospin-splitting of the proton and neutron s.p. potentials turns out to be mainly determined by the isospin-singlet T = 0 channel contribution which becomes more attractive for the proton and more repulsive for the neutron at higher asymmetries.

关键词： single particle potential asymmetric nuclear matter contribution from various spin-isospin channels symmetry potential Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach

Non-FCC rich Au crystallites exhibiting unusual catalytic activity

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Nano Research 2017年第7期10卷 2271-2279页

作者： Gangaiah Mettela Nisha Mammen Joydip Joardar Shobhana Narasimhan Giridhar u. Kulkarni Thematic unit of Excellence on Nanochemistry and Chemistry and Physics of Materials unit Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jakkur Bangalore 560 064 India Theoretical Sciences unit Jawaharlal Nehru Centre forAdvanced Scientific Research Jakkur Bangalore 560 064 India IntemationalAdvanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy & New Materials Balapur Hyderabad 500 005 India Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences Jalahalli Bangalore 560 013 India

Bipyramidal Au microcrystallites have been synthesized by thermalizing a Au-organic complex in the presence of Ag（I） ions, the latter acting as a shape- directing agent. With a highly corrugated morphology leading to strain-induced non-face-centered cubic （non-FCC） Au phases, the non-FCC portion can be tuned by varying the Ag/Au ratio, as verified by diffraction measurements. For a Ag/Au ratio of 0.34, the non-FCC Au portion was as high as 85%. X-ray microdiffraction and electron diffraction measurements reveal that the non-FCC contribution comes primarily from bipyramids, while other microcrystallites, namely, tetrahexahedrons and hexagrams, host non-FCC phases only at the edges and, to an even lesser extent, at the comers. When used as a catalyst for p-nitrophenol reduction, the non-FCC microcrystallites exhibit a significantly enhanced activity compared to FCC Au, which shows only negligible activity. These results are in accordance with trends in the values of two descriptors of reactivity calculated from first principles： The effective coordination number is found to decrease and the d-band center is found to increase in energy going from the FCC to the non-FCC phases of Au. Our findings contradict the general notion that Au is catalytically active only in nanodimensions and is otherwise inert; in this system, its activity arises from the non-FCC phases.

关键词： Au microcrystallites non-face-centered cubic(non-FCC) phases microbeam X-raydiffraction (XRD) catalysis effective coordinationnumber

Precision medicine in Parkinson's disease patients with LRRK2 and GBA risk variants-Let's get even more personal

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2020年第4期9卷 499-508页

作者： Christian u.von Linstow Ziv Gan-Or Patrik Brundin Center for Neurodegenerative Science Van Andel InstituteGrand RapidsMI 49503USA Montreal Neurological Institute McGill UniversityMontrealQC H3A 2B4Canada Department of Human Genetics McGill UniversityMontrealQC H3A 0C7Canada Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery McGill UniversityMontrealQC H3A 2B4Canada

Parkinson's disease(PD)is characterized by motor deficits and a wide variety of non-motor *** age of onset,rate of disease progression and the precise profile of motor and non-motor symptoms display considerable individual ***,the loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons is a key feature of *** vast majority of PD patients exhibit alpha-synuclein aggregates in several brain regions,but there is also great variability in the neuropathology between *** the dopamine replacement therapies can reduce motor symptoms,current therapies do not modify the disease *** clinical trials using a wide variety of approaches have failed to achieve disease *** has been suggested that the heterogeneity of PD is a major contributing factor to the failure of disease modification trials,and that it is unlikely that a single treatment will be effective in all *** medicine,using drugs designed to target the pathophysiology in a manner that is specific to each individual with PD,has been suggested as a way *** patients can be stratified according to whether they carry one of the risk variants associated with elevated PD *** this review we assess current clinical trials targeting two enzymes,leucine-rich repeat kinase 2(LRRK2)and glucocerebrosidase(GBA),which are encoded by two most common PD risk *** the details of the pathogenic processes coupled to the different LRRK2 and GBA risk variants are not fully understood,we ask if these precision medicinebased intervention strategies will prove"precise"or"personalized"enough to modify the disease process in PD *** also consider at what phases of the disease that such strategies might be effective,in light of the genes being primarily associated with the risk of developing disease in the first place,and less clearly linked to the rate of disease ***,we critically evaluate the notion that therapies target

关键词： Parkinson's disease Precision medicine Personalized medicine Glucocerebrosidase GCase Leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 Dopamine PD drug trials PD risk variants