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In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： s.Cankat M.u.Demael L.swadling Division of Infection and Immunity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

Members of the coronaviridae family are endemic to human populations and have caused several epidemics and pandemics in recent *** this review,we will discuss the feasibility of and progress toward the ultimate goal of creating a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all members of the coronavirus *** will detail the unmet clinical need associated with the continued transmission of sARs-CoV-2,MERs-CoV and the four seasonal coronaviruses(HCoV-OC43,NL63,HKu1 and 229E)in humans and the potential for future zoonotic *** will highlight how first-generation sARs-CoV-2 vaccines and natural history studies have greatly increased our understanding of effective antiviral immunity to coronaviruses and have informed next-generation vaccine *** will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and propose a blueprint for the type of immunity that may offer ***,we will describe a subset of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pursued with the goal of developing broadly or universally protective vaccines for coronaviruses.

关键词： Vaccine Coronavirus Cross-reactive immunity Cross-protection universal

Laboratory evaluation of toxicity of selected insecticides against egg and larval stages of cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： BusNOOR Abhishek V. WADAsKAR R.M. FAND Babasaheb B. tAMBE V.J. pillai t. MAHuLE D.J. NAGRARE V.s. PRAsAD Y.G. Entomology section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Cotton Research Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

Background the cryptic nature of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(saunders)larvae enables its reduced vul-nerability to insecticidal ***,the development of resistance against Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)toxins posed a serious threat to transgenic cotton *** necessitated determining the critical timing of spray applications on the control *** study assessed the influence of egg age(freshly laid ***-day-old)and the loca-tion of larvae(directly exposed to the insecticide residues on the boll rind *** inside the bolls)on insecticide control *** the results revealed a significant decrease in the ovicidal activity of tested insecticides with an increase in the age of eggs from one day old to three days old(paired t-test,Pthe larvae directly exposed to the insec-ticide residues on the boll rind were more susceptible(>80%mortality)than the larvae exposed after they had bur-rowed inside the bolls(tality).the inhibitory effects of tested insecticides on developmental biology were more pronounced in the experiment on pre-larval release insecticide treatment compared with insecticide treatment given post-larval release and entry inside the *** Egg age influences the insecticide susceptibility,as does the larval location,directly exposed vs bur-rowed inside the *** eggs and the larvae that had burrowed inside the green bolls of cotton were relatively less susceptible to the insecticide *** toxic effects of insecticides on egg and larval stages were primar-ily *** findings are significant for devising a comprehensive strategy for pink bollworm management on a sustainable basis.

关键词： Bioefficacy Cotton Insecticides Pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella timings of spray

Human leukocyte antigen compatibility and incidence of donorspecific antibodies in pediatric liver transplant recipients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3837-3845页

作者： Melina u Melere Flavia H Feier Jorge Neumann Antônio N Kalil Juliana de M Montagner Luiza s Nader Carolina s da silva Marco Aurélio F Junior Gabriela P Coral Guilherme P Bobsin Cristina t Ferreira Department of Hepatology and Liver transplantation Santa Casa de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery and Liver transplantation Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil Postgraduation Program in Medicine:Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of transplantation Immunology Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil

BACKGROuND Antibody-mediated rejection following liver transplantation(Lt)has been increasingly recognized,particularly with respect to the emergence of de novo donor-specific antibodies(DsAs)and their impact on graft *** substantial evidence for adult populations exists,research focusing on pediatric Lt outcomes remains *** to investigate the prevalence of human leukocyte antigen(HLA)mismatches and DsA and evaluate their association with rejection episodes after pediatric *** A cohort of pediatric Lt recipients underwent HLA testing at santa Casa de Porto Alegre,Brazil,between December 2013 and December *** patients who survived for>30 days after Lt with at least one DsA analysis were *** classes I and II and cross-matches were *** presence of de novo DsA(dnDsA)was evaluated at least 3 months after Lt using the Luminex®single antigen bead method,with a positive reaction threshold set at 1000 *** episodes were confirmed by liver *** Overall,67 transplanted children were analyzed;61 received grafts from living donors,85%of whom were related to ***-transplant DsA(class I or II)was detected in 28.3%of patients,and dnDsA was detected in 48.4%.the median time to DsA detection after Lt was 19.7[interquartile range(IQR):4.3-35.6]*** rejection occurred in 13 patients at follow-up,with C4d positivity observed in 5/13 Liver *** median time to rejection was 7.8(IQR:5.7-12.8)*** presence of dnDsA was significantly associated with rejection(36%vs 3%,Pthe rejection-free survival rates at 12 and 24 months were 76%vs 100%and 58%vs 95%for patients with dnDsA anti-DQ vs those without,*** Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating DsA assessment into pre-and post-transplantation protocols for pediatric Lt *** implications may include immunosuppression minimization strategies based on this analysis in pediatric Lt recip

关键词： Human leukocyte antigens Donor-specific antibodies Liver transplantation Pediatric Rejection

Inflow and outflow permeability tests in a very soft clay under low stresses

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 3270-3283页

作者： J.W.s.Vargas F.A.B.Danziger F.R.Lopes t.Lunne Federal university of Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil Norwegian Geotechnical Institute OsloNorway

In situ inflow and outflow permeability tests with the BAt probe at sarapuíII soft clay test site are presented.A description of the BAt permeability test is provided,discussing its advantages and shortcomings,especially in the case of very soft clays under low *** pressures were monitored during probe installation and were found to be slightly lower than piezocone u2 pore pressures,consistent with the position of the *** role of filter tip saturation was investigated after the usual saturation procedure provided an unsatisfactory pore pressure response during probe *** show that the vacuum saturation procedure provides adequate response during installation and increases the reliability of the coefficient of permeability determination in early *** inflow and outflow tests yielded similar results,indicating that careful execution of the test can lead to good test repeatability regardless of the loading *** sequences of alternated inflow and outflow tests have yielded similar results,indicating that soil reconsolidation and filter clogging were negligible in the tests *** are presented concerning the relationship between index parameters and the in situ coefficient of permeability for sarapuíII clay,which plot outside the range of existing databases.

关键词： Permeability test soft clay BAt probe Inflow and outflow tests

Physical,Mechanical,and tribological Attributes of stir-Cast AZ91/siC_p Composite

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2014年第2期27卷 295-305页

作者： K.K.Ajith Kumar Abhilash Viswanath t.P.D.Rajan u.t.s.pillai B.C.Pai Material science and technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology

In the present investigation, composites with silicon carbide particle （siCp） as reinforcement and AZ91 magnesium alloy as matrix have been synthesized using liquid metal stir-casting technique with optimized processing conditions. the composites with good particle distribution in the matrix, and better grain refinement and good interfacial bonding between the matrix and reinforcement have been obtained. the effect of siCp content on the physical, mechanical, and tribological properties of Mg-based metal matrix composite （MMC） is studied with respect to particle distribution, grain refinement, and particle/matrix interfacial reactions. the electrical conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, microas well as macro-hardness, tensile and compressive properties, and the fracture behavior of the composites along with dry sliding wear of the composites have been evaluated and compared with the base alloy.

关键词： Composite AZ91D alloy Casting alloy Mechanical properties Wear

surface Water Quality Profiling using Physicochemical Parameters in Open Defecation Free and Non-Open Defecation Free Local Government Areas in Benue state, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2024年第3期14卷 174-191页

作者： Moses t. Asoo Celestine u. Aguoru Innocent O. Ogbonna Hyacinth O.A. Oluma Benue state Ministry of Health Makurdi Nigeria Department of Plant science and Biotechnology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria Department of Microbiology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria

Physicochemical parameters of surface water sources in the study of local government areas (LGAs) were assessed using standard procedures. the mean physicochemical parameters for pH (5.49), NO2 (0.23 mg/L), sO4 (0.77 mg/L), Na (28.72 mg/L), Ca (28.94 mg/L), Mg (17.50 mg/L), Cl (11.65 mg/L), tss (6.27 mg/L), tDs (104.23 mg/L), BOD (2.83 mg/L) and F (0.87 mg/L) were below WHO standards irrespective of their defecation status. the values for electrical conductivity (EC) (2770.50 µs/cm, turbidity (481.24 Ntu), dissolved oxygen (DO) (5.32 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (445.50 mg/L), K (125.06 mg/L), PO4 (0.78 mg/L) and Fe (0.57 mg/L) were above the WHO limits for safe water. Higher EC and COD values obtained in the study is evidence of pollution of the water sources by organic matter.

关键词： Open Defecation surface Water Water Quality standard Physicochemical Parameters

Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene Navarro-Lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel F.López-Aranda Juan F.López-téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar u.Khan Laboratory of Neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of Neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGs14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of *** this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGs14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).A knockdown of BDNF gene in RGs14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings suggest that BDNF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGs14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,our findings of RGs14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

minisCIDOM: a scintillator-based tomograph for volumetric dose reconstruction of single laser-driven proton bunches

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 41-50页

作者： A.Corvino M.Reimold E.Beyreuther F.-E.Brack F.Kroll J.Pawelke J.D.schilz M.schneider u.schramm M.E.P.umlandt K.Zeil t.Ziegler J.Metzkes-Ng Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany technische universität Dresden DresdenGermany OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–RossendorfDresdenGermany Current affiliation:Institut Curie UniversitéPSLCNRS UMR3347OrsayFrance Current affiliation:universitätsklinikum Freiburg FreiburgGermany

Laser plasma accelerators(LPAs)enable the generation of intense and short proton bunches on a micrometre scale,thus offering new experimental capabilities to research fields such as ultra-high dose rate radiobiology or material *** spectrally broadband,laser-accelerated proton bunches allow for tailored volumetric dose deposition in a sample via single bunches to excite or probe specific sample *** rising number of such experiments indicates a need for diagnostics providing spatially resolved characterization of dose distributions with volumes of approximately 1 cm^(3) for single proton bunches to allow for fast online *** we present the scintillator-based minisCIDOM detector for online single-bunch tomographic reconstruction of dose distributions in volumes of up to approximately 1 cm^(3).the detector achieves a spatial resolution below 500μm and a sensitivity of 100 *** detector performance is tested at a proton therapy cyclotron and an LPA proton *** experiments’primary focus is the characterization of the scintillator’s ionization quenching behaviour.

关键词： beam monitoring detectors laser-driven proton beams scintillator-based diagnostics ultra-high dose rate

Detection of Fuel Adulteration using Wave Optical with Machine Learning Algorithms

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Computer systems science & Engineering 2022年第4期41卷 19-33页

作者： s.Dilip Kumar t.V.sivasubramonia pillai Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Sri Krishna College of TechnologyCoimbatore641105TamilnaduIndia Department of Physics University College of EngineeringNagercoil629004TamilnaduIndia

Fuel is a very important factor and has considerable inﬂuence on the air quality in the environment,which is the heart of the *** increase of vehi-cles in lived-in areas results in greater emission of carbon particles in the *** fuel causes more contaminated particles to mix with breathing air and becomes the main source of dangerous *** is the mixing of foreign substances in fuel,which damages vehicles and causes more health problems in living beings such as humans,birds,aquatic life,and even water resources by emitting high levels of hydrocarbons,nitrogen oxides,and carbon *** frequent blending liquids are lubricants and kerosene in the petrol,and its adulteration is a considerable problem that adds to environ-mental *** study focuses on detecting the adulteration in petrol using sensors and machine learning algorithms.A modiﬁed evanescent wave opticalﬁber sensor with discrete wavelet transform is proposed for classiﬁcation of adult-erated data from the ***,support vector machine classiﬁer is used for accurate *** sensor isﬁrst tested with fuel and numerical data is classiﬁed based on machine learning ***,the result is eval-uated with less error and high accuracy of 99.9%,which is higher than all existing techniques.

关键词： Petrol adulteration discrete wavelet transform modiﬁed evanescent wave opticalﬁber sVM classiﬁer