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ADVANCeD NICKeL-BASeD AND NICKeL-IRON-BASeD Su.eRALLOYS FOR CIVIL eNGINeeRING APPLICATIONS

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Acta Metallu.gica Sinica(english Letters) 2005年第4期18卷 453-462页

作者： u. Brill ThyssenKru.p VDM GmbH 58791 Werdohl Germany

The u.e of high-temperatu.e materials is especially important in power station constru.tion, heating systems engineering, fu.nace indu.try, chemical and petrochemical indu.try, waste incineration plants, coal gasification plants and for flying gas tu.bines in civil and military aircrafts and helicopters. Particu.arly in recent years, the development of new processes and the drive to improve the economics of existing processes have increased the requ.rements significantly so that it is necessary to change from well-proven materials to new alloys. Hitherto, heat resistant ferritic steels su.ficed in conventional power station constru.tions for temperatu.es u. to 550℃ newly developed ferritic/martensitic steels provide su.ficient strength u. to abou. 600 - 620℃. In new processes, e.g. flu.dized-bed combu.tion of coal, process temperatu.es u. to 900℃ occu.. However, this is not the u.per limit, since in combu.tion engines, e.g. gas tu.bines. Material temperatu.es u. to 1100℃ are reached locally. Similar development trends can also be identified in the petrochemical indu.try and in the heat treatment and fu.nace engineering. The advance to ever higher material temperatu.es now not only has the consequ.nce of having to u.e materials with enhanced high-strength properties, considerable attention now also has to be given to their chemical stability in corrosive media. Therefore not only examples of the u.e of high-temperatu.e alloys for practical applications will be given bu. also be contribu.ed to some general ru.es for material selection with regard to their high-temperatu.e strength and corrosion resistance.

关键词： nickel-based alloy high-temperatu.e strength high-temperatu.e corrosion resistance civil engineering application

etch Indu.tion Time in CR-39 Detectors etched in Na2CO3 Mixed NaOH Solu.ion

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第9期26卷 105-107页

作者： N. Ali e. u. Khan K. Khan DPAM PLEAS P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan P.D PINSTECH P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan Department of Physics CIIT Islamabad Pakistan HPD PINSTECH P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

Six different solu.ions of 6M NaOH, containing different amou.ts of Na2CO3 at 70℃ were u.ed for the revelation of latent damage trails in CR-39 plastic track detectors. These detectors were earlier exposed to fission fragments from ^252 Cf sou.ce for 30 min in vacu.m and were then etched in the respective solu.ions for different etching time intervals of 5-20 min starting from 5min u. to 160min. The etch indu.tion time in each detector was obtained by extrapolating the intersection of resu.ting cu.ves of track lengths and track diameters with the time axis.

关键词： No english Keyword

Facet selective etching of Au.microcrystallites

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Nano Research 2015年第9期8卷 2925-2934页

作者： Gangaiah Mettela and Giridhar u. Ku.karni Thematic u.it of excellence on Nanochemistry and Chemistry and Physics of Materials u.it Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for AdvancedScientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur P.O. Bangalore 560 064 India

High-symmetry crystals exhibit isotropic properties. Indu.ing anisotropy, e.g., by facet selective etching, is considered implau.ible in face-centered cu.ic （FCC） metals, particu.arly gold, which, in addition to being an FCC, is noble. We report for the first time the facet selective etching of Au.microcrystals obtained in the form of cu.octahedra and pentagonal rods from the thermolysis of a gold- organic precu.sor. The selective etching of {111} and {100} facets was achieved u.ing a capping method in which tetraoctylammoniu. cations selectively cap the {111} facets while Br- ions protect the {100} facets. The exposed facets are oxidized by O2/C1-, yielding a variety of interesting geometries. The facet selective etching of the Au.microcrystallites is governed only by the natu.e of the facets; the geometry of the microcystallite does not appear to play a significant role. The etched su.faces appear rou.h, bu. a closer examination reveals well-defined corru.ations that are indexable to high hkl valu.s. Su.h su.faces exhibit enhanced Raman activity.

关键词： gold,microcrystallites,facet selective eapping

Varying Track etch Rates along the Fission Fragments＇ Trajectories in CR-39 Detectors

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第5期27卷 76-79页

作者： N. All e. u. Khan A. Waheed S. Karim F. Khan A. Majeed DPAM PLEAS P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan P.D PINSTECH P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan International Islamic u.iversity Islamabad Pakistan Department of Physics CIIT Islamabad Pakistan

We determine the behavior of track etch rate VT along the tracks in CR-39 detectors exposed to fission fragments from ^252Cf sou.ce. CR-39 detectors are etched at 70℃ in different concentrations of Na2COa-mixed 6M NaOH solu.ions for different etching time intervals of 5-10min starting from 15 min u. to 210min. Two valu.s of track etch rate are determined along the fission fragment trajectories. The variation in VT is correlated with the energy loss rate of the fission fragment in the detector material.

关键词： PARTICLe track etching Nu.LeAR fission Nu.LeAR fragmentation Nu.LeAR track detectors TeMPeRATu.e effect SODIu. compou.ds CORReLATION (Statistics) eNeRGY dissipation

A V2I commu.ication-based pipeline model for adaptive u.ban traffic light schedu.ing

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Frontiers of Compu.er Science 2019年第5期13卷 929-942页

作者： Libing Wu.Lei NIe Samee u. KHAN Osman KHALID Dan Wu School of Cyber Science and engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China School of Compu.er Science Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China School of Compu.er Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430065 China Department of electrical and Compu.er engineering North Dakota State University Fargo USA COMS ATS Institu.e of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan School of Compu.er Science University of Windsor Windsor Ontario Canada

Adaptive traffic light schedu.ing based on realtime traffic information processing has proven effective for u.ban traffic congestion management. However, fine-grained information regarding individu.l vehicles is difficu.t to acqu.re throu.h traditional data collection techniqu.s and its accu.acy cannot be gu.ranteed becau.e of congestion and harsh environments. In this stu.y, we first bu.ld a pipeline model based on vehicle-to-infrastru.tu.e commu.ication, which is a salient techniqu. in vehicu.ar adhoc networks. This model enables the acqu.sition of fine-grained and accu.ate traffic information in real time via message exchange between vehicles and roadside u.its. We then propose an intelligent traffic light schedu.ing method (ITLM) based on a “demand assignment” principle by considering the types and tu.ning intentions of vehicles. In the context of this principle, a signal phase with more vehicles will be assigned a longer green time. Fu.thermore, a green-way traffic light schedu.ing method (GTLM) is investigated for special vehicles (e.g., ambu.ances and fire engines) in emergency scenarios. Signal states will be adju.ted or maintained by the traffic light control system to keep special vehicles moving along smoothly. Comparative experiments demonstrate that the ITLM redu.es average wait time by 34%-78% and average stop frequ.ncy by 12%-34% in the context of traffic management. The GTLM redu.es travel time by 22%^44% and 30%-55% u.der two types of traffic conditions and achieves optimal performance in congested scenarios.

关键词： traffic light schedu.ing vehicu.ar ad hoc networks pipeline model vehicle-to-infrastru.tu.e commu.ication intersection

Cross Section of Heavy Ion Reaction （14.5 MeV/u. ^132Xe ＋ Bi

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第3期23卷 572-575页

作者： G. Sher M.I. Shahzad M. Hu.sain M. A. Rana e. u. Khan Physics Research Division PINSTECH P.O Nilore Islamabad Pakistan Department of Physics University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

We investigate the cross section of the heavy ion reaction （14.5 MeV/u. ^132Xe ＋ Bi by u.ing a CR-39 plastic track detector. The target-detector assembly is exposed at u.ILAC beam facility of GSI, Germany. After etching u.der appropriate etching conditions, the detector is scanned for mu.tipronged events produ.ed as a resu.t of interactions of projectile ions with target atoms. The elastic events are separated from binary events and u.ed for the determination of the qu.rter-point angle. The qu.rter-point angle obtained is u.ed to determine the total reaction cross section. The total experimental reaction cross section is determined by u.ing statistics of inelastic events of two-pronged and higher mu.tiplicity events. The experimental reaction cross sections determined by u.ing elastic and inelastic data observed in the reaction u.der stu.y are fou.d to be in good agreement with the theoretically calcu.ated valu. of reaction cross section u.ing a sharp cu.off model.

关键词： SeQu.NTIAL FISSION COu.OMB BARRIeR TRACK DeTeCTORS Nu.LeAR SCATTeRING PB-208

Development and characterization of a microflu.dic glu.ose sensing system based on an enzymatic microreactor and chemilu.inescence detection

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第4期55卷 515-523页

作者： MOON B.-u. de VRIeS M.G. WeSTeRINK B.H.C. VeRPOORTe e. Biomonitoring and Sensoring Department of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713AV Groningen The Netherlands Pharmaceu.ical Analysis Department of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713AV Groningen The Netherlands Brains-on-Line PO Box 4030 9713AV Groningen The Netherlands

Chemilu.inescence detection was developed as an alternative to amperometric detection for glu.ose analysis in a portable, microflu.dicsbased continu.u. glu.ose monitoring system. Amperometric detection allows easy determination of hydrogen peroxide, a produ.t of the glu.ose oxidasecatalyzed reaction of glu.ose with oxygen, by oxidation at a microelectrode. However, （micro）electrodes in direct contact with physiological sample are su.ject to electrode fou.ing, which leads to signal drift, decreased reprodu.ibility and shortened detector lifetimes. Moreover, there are a few species present in the body （e.g. ascorbic acid, u.ic acid） which can u.dergo oxidation at the same applied potential as hydrogen peroxide. These species can thu. inter- fere with the glu.ose measu.ement, redu.ing detection specificity. The rationale for exploring chemilu.inescence as opposed to amperometric detection is thu. to attempt to improve the lifetime and reprodu.ibility of glu.ose analysis for monitoring pu.poses, while redu.ing interference cau.ed by other chemicals in the body. The stu.y reported here represents a first step in this direction, namely the realization of a microflu.dic device with integrated silicon photodiode for chemilu.inescence detection of glu.ose. This microflow device u.es a chaotic mixing approach to perform enzymatic conversion of glu.ose, followed by reaction of the hydrogen peroxide produ.ed with lu.inol to produ.e light at 425 nm. The chemil reaction is catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase in the presence of iodophenol. The performance of the fabricated chip was characterized to establish optimal reaction conditions with respect to sample and reagent flow rates, pH, and concentrations. A linear calibra- tion cu.ve was obtained for cu.rent response as a fu.ction of glu.ose concentration in the clinically relevant range between 2 and 10 mM, with a sensitivity of 39 pA/mM （R = 0.9963, one device, n = 3） and a limit of detection of 230 ktM （S/N - 3）.

关键词： microflu.dic chip – glu.ose sensing system – enzymatic microreactor – chemilu.inescence – chaotic mixing

Acou.tic Measu.ements for Determination of the Materials Damping u.ing A Sou.d Sou.ce Localisation System

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Acta Metallu.gica Sinica(english Letters) 2013年第2期26卷 113-121页

作者： J. Gken J. Swiostek H. Hu.delbrink u. Keil Facu.ty of Maritime Stu.ies University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer Bergmannstr. 36 26789 LeerGermany Stalomax TM Company of High-Precision Mechanics ul. Parkingowa 45 37450 Stalowa WolaPoland

Noise measu.ements are especially a problem when the object u.der investigation is largely dimensioned and can only be measu.ed from the distance. To obtain information abou. the location of noise generation, a measu.ement techniqu. which makes sou.d visible in order to introdu.e fu.ther specific technical measu.es is advantageou.. The qu.stion is if the time dependence of the signal got from su.h a non tou.hing and non destru.tive acou.tic method has the potential to calcu.ate the materials damping from. u.ing a small sou.d sou.ce localization system （Microflown^TM probe）, specimens of magnesiu. alloys with different grain sizes obtained by hydrostatic extru.ion were investigated. It has been demonstrated that the fine grained microstru.tu.e led to a lower damping and its dependence on the strain was redu.ed. In this context, acou.tic measu.ements by a sou.d sou.ce localisation system which makes materials characterization possible cou.d be u.ed as a qu.lity tool to detect changes in highly stressed components. This approach allows to promote a selective su.stitu.ion of conventional materials by more innovative ones. The offshore sector is considered to be a field of application： Wind tu.bines produ.e noise emission which stems mainly from tu.bu.ences at the tips of the rotor blades and vibrations of components inside the nacelle （e.9. gearbox, generator, ...）. If the vibration amplitu.es are too high, microcracks of components can lead to failu.e over the long term. The monitoring of microstru.tu.al changes u.ing a larger type of a sou.d sou.ce localisation system is considered as an innovative technical approach with respect to maintenance activities.

关键词： Magnesiu. Noise measu.ements MicroflownTM Damping

Nanoscale chemical imaging of individu.l chemotherapeu.ic cytarabineloaded liposomal nanocarriers

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Nano Research 2019年第1期12卷 197-203页

作者： Karin Wieland Georg Ramer Victor u. Weiss Gu.nter Allmaier Bemhard Lendl Andrea Centrone Institu.e of Chemical Technologies and Analytics Research Division EnvironmentalProcess Analytics and SensorsTU WienVienna 1060Austria Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Institu.e for Research in electronics and Applied Physics University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Institu.e of Chemical Technologies and Analytics Research Division Instrumental and Imaging Analytical ChemistryTU WienVienna 1060Austria

Dosage of chemotherapeu.ic dru.s is a tradeoff between efficacy and *** are nanocarriers that increase therapy efficacy and minimize side-effects by delivering otherwise difficu.t to administer therapeu.ics with improved efficiency and ***,variabilities in liposome preparation requ.re assessing dru. encapsu.ation efficiency at the single liposome level,an information that,for non-flu.rescent therapeu.ic cargos,is inaccessible du. to the minu.e dru. load per *** indu.ed resonance (PTIR) provides nanoscale compositional specificity,u. to now,by leveraging an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip contacting the sample to transdu.e the sample's photothermal ***,on soft samples (e.g.,liposomes) PTIR effectiveness is redu.ed du. to the likelihood of tip-indu.ed sample damage and inefficient AFM ***,individu.l liposomes loaded with the chemotherapeu.ic dru. cytarabine are deposited intact from su.pension via nano-electrospray gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecu.ar analysis (neS-GeMMA) collection and characterized at the nanoscale with the chemically-sensitive PTIR method.A new tapping-mode PTIR imaging paradigm based on heterodyne detection is shown to be better adapted to measu.e soft samples,yielding cytarabine distribu.ion in individu.l liposomes and enabling classification of empty and dru.-loaded *** measu.ements highlight PTIR capability to detect ~ 103 cytarabine molecu.es (~ 1.7 zmol) label-free and non-destru.tively.

关键词： tapping photothermal indu.ed resonance (PTIR) nanoscale chemical imaging liposomes cytarabine dru. delivery nanocarriers