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The risk of prostate cancer on incidental finding of an avid prostate uptake on 2-deoxy-2-[^(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for non-prostate cancer-related pathology:A single centre retrospective study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 33-41页

作者： Anthony Franklin troy gianduzzo Boon Kua David Wong Louise McEwan James Walters Rachel Esler Matthew J.Roberts Geoff Coughlina John W.Yaxley Department of Urology The Wesley HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia Wesley Medical Research BrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Radiology Wesley Medical ImagingBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Objective:To review the risk of prostate cancer(PCa)in men with incidentally reported increased intraprostatic uptake at 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)ordered at Department of Urology,The Wesley Hospital,Brisbane,QLD,Australia for non-PCa related ***:Retrospective analysis of consecutive men between August 2014 and August 2019 presenting to a single institution for 18F-FDG PET/CT for non-prostate related conditions was *** were classified as benign,indeterminate,or malignant depending of the results of prostate-specific antigen(PSA),PSA velocity,biopsy histopathology,and three-Tesla(3 T)multiparametric MRI(mpMRI)Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score,or gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen(68Ga-PSMA)PET/CT ***:Three percent(273/9122)of men demonstrated 18F-FDG avidity within the ***-five percent(231/273)were further investigated,including with PSA tests(227/231,98.3%),3 T mpMRI(68/231,29.4%),68Ga-PSMA PET/CT(33/231,14.3%),and prostate biopsy(57/231,24.7%).Results were considered benign in 130/231(56.3%),indeterminate in 31/231(13.4%),and malignant in 70/231(30.3%).PCa was identified in 51/57(89.5%)of the men who proceeded to biopsy,including 26/27(96.3%)men with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 4-5 mpMRI and six men with a positive 68Ga-PSMA PET/*** most common Gleason score on biopsy was greater than or equal to 4+5(14/51,27.5%).68Ga-PSMA PET/CT was concordant with the 18F-FDG findings in 26/33(78.8%).All 13 men with a positive concordant 18F-FDG,3 T mpMRI,and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT had PCa on *** was no statistically significant difference in the 18F-FDG maximum standardized uptake value between the benign or malignant groups(5.7 vs.6.1;p=0.580).Conclusion:In this study,after an incidental finding of an avid intraprostatic lesion on 18F-FDG PET/CT,70 of the 231 cases(30.3%;0.8%of the entire cohort)had results c

关键词： Prostatecancer Positionemission tomography Multiparametric magneticresonance imaging Prostatebiopsy

Tracking desertification on the Mongolian steppe through NDVI and field-survey data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2011年第1期4卷 50-64页

作者： troy Sternberg Renchin Tsolmon Nicholas Middleton David Thomas School of Geography Oxford UniversitySouth Parks RoadOxford OX13QYUK UNESCO Remote Sensing Lab National University of MongoliaMain Building 1Bag Toru AvenueUlaan BaatarMongolia

Changing environmental and socio-economic conditions make land degradation,a major concern in Central and East *** satellite imagery,particularly Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)data,has proved an effective tool for monitoring land cover *** study examines 33 grassland water points using vegetation field studies and remote sensing techniques to track desertification on the Mongolian *** established a significant correlation between same-year field observation(line transects)and NDVI data,enabling an historical land cover perspective to be developed from 1998 to *** show variable land cover patterns in Mongolia with a 16%decrease in plant density over the time *** in cover identified by NDVI suggests degradation;however,continued annual fluctuation indicates desertificationirreversible land cover changehas not ***,in situ data documenting greater cover near water points implies livestock overgrazing is not causing degradation at water *** combination of the two research methodsremote sensing and field surveysstrengthen findings and provide an effective way to track desertification in dryland regions.

关键词： desertification NDVI piosphere Mongolia overgrazing digital earth

Opportunities for agent based modeling of retinal stem cell transplantation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1978-1980页

作者： Larissa M.DePamphilis troy Shinbrot Maribel Vazquez Department of Biomedical Engineering RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA

Late stage blindness and visual impairment(BVI)affects over 400 mi l l ion adul ts *** disabilities severely impact the ability of adults to function independently,reduce their quality of life,and worsen socio-economic burdens on health care ***,the World Health Organization projects worldwide BVI from degenerated retina to more than double by the year 2050(Bourne et al.,2021).To understand the clinical problem,consider Figure 1A depicting the retina’s seven neuronal cell types that interconnect across three nuclear *** photoreceptors of the outer nuclear layer(ONL)are light sensitive neurons that absorb and convert photons into bioelectrical signals.

关键词： Figure outer convert

Sleep disordered breathing in interstitial lung disease: A review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第12期2卷 828-834页

作者： Lauren K troy Tamera J Corte Department of Respiratory Medicine Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown Sydney NSW 2050 Australia Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

Patients with interstitial lung disease commonly exhibit abnormal sleep architecture and increased sleep fragmentation on polysomnography. Fatigue is a frequent complaint, and it is likely that poor sleep quality is a significant contributor. A number of studies have shown that sleep disordered breathing is prevalent in this population, particularly in the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis subgroup. The factors that predispose these patients to obstructive sleep apnoea are not well understood, however it is believed that reduced caudal traction on the upper airway can enhance collapsibility. Ventilatory control system instability may also be an important factor, particularly in those with increased chemo-responsiveness, and in hypoxic conditions. Transient, repetitive nocturnal oxygen desaturation is frequently observed in interstitial lung disease, both with and without associated obstructive apnoeas. There is increasing evidence that sleep-desaturation is associated with increased mortality, and may be important in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension in this population.

关键词： Sleep disordered breathing Interstitial lung disease Pulmonary fibrosis Nocturnal hypoxia Obstructive sleep apnoea

Time-varying and state-dependent recovery rates in epidemiological models

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第4期2卷 419-430页

作者： Scott Greenhalgh troy Day Department of Mathematics Siena CollegeLoudonvilleNY12211USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Queen's UniversityJeffery HallKingstonONK7L 3N6Canada

Differential equation models of infectious disease have undergone many theoretical extensions that are invaluable for the evaluation of disease *** instance,while one traditionally uses a bilinear term to describe the incidence rate of infection,physically more realistic generalizations exist to account for effects such as the saturation of ***,such theoretical extensions of recovery rates in differential equation models have only started to be *** is despite the fact that a constant rate often does not provide a good description of the dynamics of recovery and that the recovery rate is arguably as important as the incidence rate in governing the dynamics of a *** provide a first-principles derivation of state-dependent and time-varying recovery rates in differential equation models of infectious *** this derivation,we demonstrate how to obtain time-varying and state-dependent recovery rates based on the family of Pearson distributions and a power-law distribution,*** recovery rates based on the family of Pearson distributions,we show that uncertainty in skewness,in comparison to other statistical moments,is at least two times more impactful on the sensitivity of predicting an epidemic's *** addition,using recovery rates based on a power-law distribution,we provide a procedure to obtain state-dependent recovery *** such state-dependent rates,we derive a natural connection between recovery rate parameters with the mean and standard deviation of a power-law distribution,illustrating the impact that standard deviation has on the shape of an epidemic wave.

关键词： Differential equations Integral equations Infectious disease modeling Waiting time distribution Duration of infectiousness SIR epidemic model

Prototype chemical synapse chip for spatially patterned neurotransmitter stimulation of the retina ex vivo

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 59-70页

作者： Corey M.Rountree Ashwin Raghunathan John B.troy Laxman Saggere Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

Biomimetic stimulation of the retina with neurotransmitters,the natural agents of communication at chemical synapses,could be more effective than electrical stimulation for treating blindness from photoreceptor degenerative *** studies have demonstrated the feasibility of neurotransmitter stimulation by injecting glutamate,a primary retinal neurotransmitter,into the retina at isolated single ***,we demonstrate spatially patterned multisite stimulation of the retina with glutamate,offering the first experimental evidence for applicability of this strategy for translating visual patterns into afferent neural *** accomplish pattern stimulation,we fabricated a special microfluidic device comprising an array of independently addressable microports connected to tiny on-chip glutamate reservoirs via *** device prefilled with glutamate was interfaced with explanted rat retinas placed over a multielectrode array(MEA)with the retinal ganglion cells(RGC)contacting the electrodes and photoreceptor surface contacting the *** independently and simultaneously activating a subset of the microports with modulated pressure pulses,small boluses of glutamate were convectively injected at multiple sites in alphabet patterns over the photoreceptor *** found that the glutamate-driven RGC responses recorded through the MEA system were robust and spatially laid out in patterns strongly resembling the injection *** stimulations were also highly localized with spatial resolutions comparable to or better than electrical retinal *** findings suggest that surface stimulation of the retina with neurotransmitters in pixelated patterns of visual images is feasible and an artificial chemical synapse chip based on this approach could potentially circumvent the limitations of electrical retinal prostheses.

关键词： artificial vision neurotransmitter stimulation photoreceptor degeneration retina synapse chip visual prosthesis

Direct Pointwise Comparison of FE Predictions to StereoDIC Measurements:Developments and Validation Using Double Edge-Notched Tensile Specimen

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1263-1298页

作者： troy Myers Michael A.Sutton Hubert Schreier Alistair Tofts Sreehari Rajan Kattil Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA Correlated Solutions Incorporated 121 Dutchman BlvdColumbiaSC29063USA

To compare finite element analysis(FEA)predictions and stereovision digital image correlation(StereoDIC)strain measurements at the same spatial positions throughout a region of interest,a field comparison procedure is *** procedure includes(a)conversion of the finite element data into a triangular mesh,(b)selection of a common coordinate system,(c)determination of the rigid body transformation to place both measurements and FEA data in the same system and(d)interpolation of the FEA nodal information to the same spatial locations as the StereoDIC measurements using barycentric *** an aluminum Al-6061 double edge notched tensile specimen,FEA results are obtained using both the von Mises isotropic yield criterion and Hill’s quadratic anisotropic yield criterion,with the unknown Hill model parameters determined using full-field specimen strain measurements for the nominally plane stress *** Hill’s quadratic anisotropic yield criterion,the point-by-point comparison of experimentally based full-field strains and stresses to finite element predictions are shown to be in excellent agreement,confirming the effectiveness of the field comparison process.

关键词： StereoDIC spatial co-registration data transformation finite element simulations point-wise comparison of measurements and FEA predictions double edge notch specimen model validation

Intersections between innate immune response and gastric cancer development

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第15期29卷 2222-2240页

作者： Franz Villarroel-Espindola troy Ejsmentewicz Roxana Gonzalez-Stegmaier Roddy A Jorquera Esteban Salinas Translational Medicine Unit Instituto Oncologico Fundacion Arturo Lopez PerezSantiago 7500000Metropolitan regionChile

Worldwide,gastric cancer(GC)is the fifth most commonly diagnosed *** has a reduced prevalence but has maintained its poor prognosis being the fourth leading cause of deaths related to *** highest mortality rates occur in Asian and Latin American countries,where cases are usually diagnosed at advanced ***,GC is viewed as the consequence of a multifactorial process,involving the virulence of the Helicobacter pylori(***)strains,as well as some environmental factors,dietary habits,and host intrinsic *** tumor microenvironment in GC appears to be chronically inflamed which promotes tumor progression and reduces the therapeutic *** has been suggested that inflammation assessment needs to be measured qualitatively and quantitatively,considering cell-infiltration types,availability of receptors to detect damage and pathogens,and presence or absence of aggressive *** *** epithelial cells express several Toll-like receptors and determine the first defensive line against pathogens,and have been also described as mediators of ***,other molecules,such as cytokines related to inflammation and innate immunity,including immune checkpoint molecules,interferon-gamma pathway and NETosis have been associated with an increased risk of ***,this review will explore innate immune activation in the context of premalignant lesions of the gastric epithelium and established gastric tumors.

关键词： Gastric cancer Toll-like receptor Helicobacter pylori Nuclear factor kappa B Neutrophils

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3种植物源引诱剂对鞘翅目甲虫引诱效果比较

林业科学 2016年第10期52卷 153-160页

作者：刘璇胡春祥曹传旺 troy Kimoto 东北林业大学林学院哈尔滨150040 加拿大食品检验局

【目的】比较3种植物源引诱剂对鞘翅目甲虫在2种林型中的引诱效果,以期筛选出高效引诱剂防治甲虫的危害。【方法】选择天然次生林(老山实验站样地)和人工纯林(林场样地)使用Lindgren漏斗诱捕器进行3种植物源引诱剂的林间诱捕试验,统计2... 详细信息

【目的】比较3种植物源引诱剂对鞘翅目甲虫在2种林型中的引诱效果,以期筛选出高效引诱剂防治甲虫的危害。【方法】选择天然次生林(老山实验站样地)和人工纯林(林场样地)使用Lindgren漏斗诱捕器进行3种植物源引诱剂的林间诱捕试验,统计2种样地诱捕甲虫的数量、种类,比较不同林型不同样地间诱捕效果,分析环境条件对鞘翅目甲虫引诱和诱捕器释放量的影响。【结果】1)3种植物源引诱剂UHR,COB和LAP对鞘翅目甲虫均具有引诱作用,捕获的3 215号鞘翅目昆虫隶属于55科120属,其中小蠹科占48.93%,为优势鞘翅目类群。3种引诱剂诱捕效果依次为UHR>COB>LAP,其中UHR引诱剂引诱个体数占74.21%,小蠹科个体数占48.65%,优势种为北方材小蠹和锉小蠹。2)UHR引诱剂对于小蠹科、叩甲科、郭公虫科和埋葬甲科的引诱效果显著高于COB和LAP引诱剂。COB引诱剂在两样地中捕获隐翅虫科数量最高。然而3种引诱剂对象甲科和天牛科的诱捕差异性不显著。防治时,应针对不同种类甲虫选择不同种类引诱剂,能达到更佳引诱效果。3)2种林型诱捕效果综合比较,老山实验站样地>林场样地,表明植被类型及自然条件对昆虫种群多样性具有直接影响。埋葬甲科仅在老山实验站样地捕获,这与该科昆虫的生活习性和样地环境相关。【结论】UHR引诱剂对鞘翅目小蠹科昆虫具有较强的引诱作用,可进一步开发应用于林间小蠹虫的监测和防治,为小蠹虫的无公害防治提供了1种新方法。

关键词：诱捕效果鞘翅目小蠹虫植物源引诱剂引诱剂