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Application of three-dimensional culture systems to study mammalian spermatogenesis, with an emphasis on the rhesus monkey （macaca mulatta）

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 972-980,I0009页

作者： mahmoud Huleihel Seyedmehdi Nourashrafeddin tony m plant The Shraga Segal Department of microbiology Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva Israel Department of Obsteirics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Univeisity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Magee-Womens Research InstitutePittsburgh PA 15213 USA

In vitro culture of spermatogonial stem cells （SSCs） has generally been performed using two-dimensional （2D） culture systems; however, such cultures have not led to the development of complete spermatogenesis. It seems that 2D systems do not replicate optimal conditions of the seminiferous tubules （including those generated by the SSC niche） and necessary for spermatogenesis. Recently, one of our laboratories has been able to induce proliferation and differentiation of mouse testicular germ cells to meiotic and postmeiotic stages including generation of sperm in a 3D soft agar culture system （SACS） and a 3D methylcellulose culture system （mCS）. It was suggested that SACS and mCS form a special 3D microenvironment that mimics germ cell niche formation in the seminiferous tubules, and thus permits mouse spermatogenesis in vitro. In this review, we （1） provide a brief overview of the differences in spermatogenesis in rodents and primates, （2） summarize data related to attempts to generate sperm in vitro, （3） report for the first time formation of colonies/clusters of cells and differentiation of meiotic （expression of CREm-1） and postmeiotic （expression of acrosin） germ cells from undifferentiated spermatogonia isolated from the testis of prepubertal rhesus monkeys and cultured in SACS and mCS, and （4） indicate research needed to optimize 3D systems for in vitro primate spermatogenesis and for possible future application to man.

关键词： in vitrospermatogenesis methylcellulose culture system monkey primates soft agar culture system three-dimensional culture system

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Going only half the way:cell cycle exit after the G1 restriction point

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 1-2页

作者： Lisa muller tony Gutschner mechthild Hatzfeld Department of Pathobiochemistry Institute of Molecular MedicineMartin Luther University Halle-WittenbergCharles Tanford Protein Research CenterHalleGermany Department of RNA Biology and Pathogenesis Institute of Molecular MedicineMartin Luther University Halle-WittenbergCharles Tanford Protein Research CenterHalleGermany

In a recent article published in Nature,James *** et *** that cyclin A2 levels determine whether cells will make an entrance into mitosis or whether cells will leave the cell cycle after having passed the G1/restriction(R)-point implicating that the decision is fully reversible(Fig.1).This ground-breaking study could impact future approaches for cancer treatment by targeting the mitotic clock.

关键词： point cycle

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Functionalization of cellulose carbon dots with different elements(N,B and S)for mercury ion detection and anti-counterfeit applications

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 355-359页

作者： Xiaoning Li Quanyu Shi meng Li Ningxin Song Yumeng Xiao Huining Xiao tony D.James Lei Feng Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian medical University Dalian 116023China Hebei Key Lab of Power plant Flue Gas multi-Pollutants Control Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Department of Chemical Engineering and Limerick Pulp&Paper Centre University of New Brunswick15 Dineen DriveFredericton NB E3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry University of BathBath BA27AYUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China

mercury ion(Hg^(2+)),as one of the most toxic heavy metal ions,accumulates easily in the environment,which can generate potential hazards to the ecosystem and human *** effectively detect and remove Hg^(2+),we fabricated four types of carbon dots(CDs)using carboxymethyl nanocellulose as a carbon source doped with different elements using a hydrothermal *** the CDs exhibited a strong fluorescence emission,excitation-dependent emission and possessed good water ***,the four fluorescent CDs were used for Hg^(2+)recognition in aqueous solution,where the CDs-N exhibited better sensitivity and selectivity for Hg^(2+)detection,with a low limit of detection of 8.29×10^(-6)mol/*** was determined that the fluorescence quenching could be ascribed to a photoinduced charge-transfer processes between Hg^(2+)and the *** addition,the CDs-N were used as a smart invisible ink for anticounterfeiting,information encryption and ***,the CDs-N were immersed into a cellulose(CmC)-based hydrogel network to prepare fluorescent hydrogels capable of simultaneously detecting and adsorbing Hg^(2+).We anticipate that this research will open possibilities for a green method to synthesize fluorescent CDs for metal ion detection and fluorescent ink production.

关键词： Carbon dots Functional groups Hg^(2+)detection mechanism Anti-counterfeiting

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An acoustofluidic device for the automated separation of platelet-reduced plasma from whole blood

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 293-303页

作者： Zhehan ma Jianping Xia Neil Upreti Emeraghi David Joseph Rufo Yuyang Gu Kaichun Yang Shujie Yang Xiangchen Xu Jean Kwun Eileen Chambers tony Jun Huang Thomas Lord Department of mechanical Engineering and materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Pediatrics Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Duke Transplant Center Department of SurgeryDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA

Separating plasma from whole blood is an important sample processing technique required for fundamental biomedical research,medical diagnostics,and therapeutic *** protocols for plasma isolation require multiple centrifugation steps or multiunit microfluidic processing to sequentially remove large red blood cells(RBCs)and white blood cells(WBCs),followed by the removal of small ***,we present an acoustofluidic platform capable of efficiently removing RBCs,WBCs,and platelets from whole blood in a single *** leveraging differences in the acoustic impedances of fluids,our device generates significantly greater forces on suspended particles than conventional microfluidic approaches,enabling the removal of both large blood cells and smaller platelets in a single *** a result,undiluted human whole blood can be processed by our device to remove both blood cells and platelets(>90%)at low voltages(25 Vpp).The ability to successfully remove blood cells and platelets from plasma without altering the properties of the proteins and antibodies present creates numerous potential applications for our platform in biomedical research,as well as plasma-based diagnostics and ***,the microfluidic nature of our device offers advantages such as portability,cost efficiency,and the ability to process small-volume samples.

关键词： remove separation removing

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Consumer transparency in the production chain for plant varieties produced using new genomic techniques

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 239-246页

作者： J.m.Lukasiewicz C.C.m.van de Wiel L.A.P.Lotz m.J.m.Smulders Wageningen University&Research P.O.Box 386NL-6700 AJ WageningenThe Netherlands

plants edited with new genomic techniques(NGTs)currently fall under the Genetically modified Organisms Directive(2001/18/EC)in the European *** the proposal of the European Commission,NGT plants are partially exempted from the regulations of this *** proposal makes a distinction between two categories of NGT plants:NGT-1 and ***-1 category plants are considered equal to plants obtained through conventional breeding *** plants will not be labelled for the consumer,although they will be labelled as ***-2 category plants may be labelled with additional information as a positive *** of seeds of varieties made with gene editing,but not the products,would mean that most steps in the production chain are transparent,but not the last step towards ***“right to know”and increasing knowledge of gene-edited food is a common theme in food labelling towards ***,we describe current labelling regimes and registers and how these may be applied to provide transparency on gene-edited products to ***,we also look into consumer studies,which indicate a greater acceptance of gene-edited food among consumers,especially when additional benefits such as sustainability are mentioned.

关键词： Labelling New genomic techniques Consumer transparency plant products

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Soils in extraterrestrial space: Need for studies under microgravity

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 13-14页

作者： m.B.KIRKHAm Department of Agronomy Kansas State UniversityManhattan KS 66506USA

With the increased interest of plants in space, gravity cannot be ignored when studying soil-plant-water relations. Therefore, it is important to understand the water relations of soils under zero gravity in space or under reduced gravity on the moon or mars. This paper outlines the problems of moving water in soils under zero gravity or microgravity, as well as growing plants in these soils. It is suggested that microgravity experiments could be done on Earth using both soils and plants. Results from such experiments could be used to grow plants when mankind establishes bases on the moon and mars.

关键词： soils soil bases

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Control system design for a pressure-tube-type supercritical water-cooled nuclear reactor via a higher order sliding mode method

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 145-154页

作者： m.Hajipour G.R.Ansarifar Department of Nuclear Engineering Faculty of PhysicsUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan 81746-73441Iran

Nuclear power plants exhibit non-linear and time-variable ***,designing a control system that sets the reactor power and forces it to follow the desired load is complicated.A supercritical water reactor(SCWR)is a fourth-generation conceptual *** an SCWR,the non-linear dynamics of the reactor require a controller capable of control-ling the *** this study,a pressure-tube-type SCWR was controlled during reactor power maneuvering with a higher order sliding mode,and the reactor outgoing steam temperature and pressure were controlled *** an SCWR,the temperature,pressure,and power must be maintained at a setpoint(desired value)during power *** point kinetics equations with three groups of delayed neutrons were used in the ***-order and classic sliding mode controllers were separately manufactured to control the plant and were compared with the PI controllers speci-fied in previous *** controlled parameters were reactor power,steam temperature,and ***,for these parameters,the PI controller had certain instabilities in the presence of *** classic sliding mode controller had a higher accuracy and stability;however its main drawback was the chattering *** was highly accurate and stable and had a small computational *** reality,it followed the desired values without oscillations and chattering.

关键词： Supercritical water nuclear reactor Higher order sliding mode controller Steam temperature Steam pressure Point kinetics model

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Embracing substrate multispecificity in plant ABC transporters

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molecular plant 2024年第7期17卷 990-992页

作者： markus m.Geisler Department of Biology University of Fribourg1700 FribourgSwitzerland

By analogy,the first plant ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporters were identified as vacuolar detoxifiers transporting glutathione conjugates into the vacuole(martinoia et al.,1993).This somewhat negative image as"unspecific detoxifiers"still clings to plant ABC transporters today,although they have since been described to be involved in completely different programs,including development and defense(Park et al.,2017).In this context,some key plant ABC transporters have been shown to own exceptionally high substrate *** example,the transporter of the native auxin indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),Arabidopsis ABCB1,has been shown to also export the synthetic auxin 1-naphtaleneacetic acid but is even able to distinguish this substrate from its structural isomer,2-naphtaleneacetic acid(Geisler et al.,2005).Likewise,ABCG36 and ABCG37,which are known to have a broader substrate portfolio(Park et al.,2017;Aryal et al.,2023),export IBA but do not touch IAA(Aryal et al.,2023).Recently,several reports have challenged our current view on the reported high substrate specificity of plant ABCs,which requires clarification.

关键词： specificity analogy exceptional

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Finding my way: The role of dirigent proteins in lignin assembly

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molecular plant 2024年第2期17卷 230-232页

作者： Dyoni m.Oliveira Igor Cesarino Department of plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University9052 GhentBelgium VIB Center for plant Systems Biology 9052 GhentBelgium Departamento de Botanica Instituto de BiocienciasUniversidade de Sao PauloRua do Matao277Sao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Synthetic and Systems Biology Center InovaUSPAvenida Professor Lucio Martins Rodrigues370SaoPaulo 05508-020Brazil

Lignin emerged around 450 million years ago in early tracheophytes and played a pivotal role in the colonization of terrestrial ecosystems by *** aromatic biopolymer provides mechanical strength to supportive tissues and hydrophobicity to water-transporting vasculature and acts as a physical barrier against herbivores and pathogens(Renault et al.,2019).The deposition of lignin in cell walls for proper cellular functionalization involves several molecular steps,including the tight regulation of tissue-or cell-type-specific expression of lignin biosynthetic genes,the biosynthesis of distinct lignin monomers and their transportation to the apoplast,and the polymerization of monomer radicals to produce tissue-or cell-type-dependent polymers with distinct physico-chemical properties.

关键词： properties. lignin walls

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Quantitative and Qualitative Responses of Hydroponic Tomato Production to Different Levels of Salinity

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1311-1323页

作者： Khalid A.Al-Gaadi Ahmed m.Zeyada ElKamil Tola Abdullah m.Alhamdan Khalid A.m.Ahmed Rangaswamy madugundu mohamed K.Edrris Department of Agricultural Engineering College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Precision Agriculture Research Chair Deanship of Scientific ResearchKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Chair of Dates Industry&Technology Deanship of Scientific ResearchKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Agricultural Research Centre Agricultural Engineering Research Institute(AEnRI)Giza12619Egypt

From economic and nutritional points of view,tomato is,historically,considered one of the most important *** signiﬁcant yield reduction,most commercial cultivars of tomato crops are sensitive to moderate levels of ***,high levels of salt stress can negatively affect the yield and quality of tomato ***,this study was conducted to evaluate the yield and fruit quality of three tomato cultivars(Forester,Ghandowra-F1,and Feisty-Red)cultivated hydroponically,under three different levels of nutrient solution *** of tomato fruits was performed based on quantity(number and weight of fruits,and total fruit yield),physical quality(color andﬁrmness),and chemical quality(refractometric index“Brix”,pH,EC,K^(+),Na^(+),and NO_(3)-).Experiments were conducted using three salinity levels of the nutrient solution with electrical conductivity values(dSm^(-1))of 2.5(control),6.0,and *** showed that the studied tomato cultivars were signiﬁcantly inﬂuenced by high salinity(9.5 dSm^(-1))in comparison to the low(2.5 dSm^(-1))and medium(6.0 dSm^(-1))levels of *** average,the highest fruit weight per plant of 1944.84 g and total fruit yield of 4.42 kgm^(-2) were observed at the low salinity level;however,no signiﬁcant differences were obtained in the two yield factors(single fruit weight and total fruit yield)for the low and medium salinity *** the other hand,a signiﬁcant reduction in tomato yield(31%)was associated with the high salinity level compared to the yield at low and medium salinity *** of physical quality parameters showed highly signiﬁcant differences among all salinity *** average,the maximum value of color change(1.72)was associated with the medium salinity level,and the maximum value ofﬁrmness(9.61 Ncm^(-1))was recorded at the high salinity *** levels and tomato cultivars introduced signiﬁcant differences in chemical quality parameters;however,no signiﬁcant differences in these

关键词： Quality cultivars yield color ﬁrmness brix

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