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Peritoneal fluid indocyanine green test for diagnosis of gut leakage in anastomotic leakage rats and colorectal surgery patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1825-1834页

作者： Yu Huang tian-Yang Li Jie-Feng weng Hui Liu Yu-Jie Xu Shuai Zhang Wei-Li Gu Department of Surgery Guangzhou First People's HospitalGuangzhou 510180Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Application of indocyanine green(ICG)fluorescence has led to new developments in gastrointestinal ***,little is known about the use of ICG for the diagnosis of postoperative gut leakage(GL).In addition,there is a lack of rapid and intuitive methods to definitively diagnose postoperative *** To investigate the effect of ICG in the diagnosis of anastomotic leakage in a surgical rat GL model and evaluate its diagnostic value in colorectal surgery *** Sixteen rats were divided into two groups:GL group(n=8)and sham group(n=8).Approximately 0.5 mL of ICG(2.5 mg/mL)was intravenously injected *** peritoneal fluid was collected for the fluorescence test at 24 and 48 *** patients with rectal cancer who had undergone laparoscopic rectal cancer resection plus enterostomies were injected with 10 mL of ICG(2.5 mg/mL)on postoperative day *** ostomy fluids were collected 24 h after ICG injection to identify the possibility of the ICG excreting from the peripheral veins to the enterostomy *** who had undergone colectomy or rectal cancer resection were enrolled in the diagnostic *** peritoneal fluids from drainage were collected 24 h after ICG *** ICG fluorescence test was conducted using OptoMedic endoscopy along with a near-infrared fluorescent imaging *** The peritoneal fluids from the GL group showed ICG-dependent green fluorescence in contrast to the sham *** samples of ostomy fluids showed green fluorescence,indicating the possibility of ICG excreting from the peripheral veins to the enterostomy stoma in *** peritoneal fluid ICG test exhibited a sensitivity of 100%and a specificity of 83.3%for the diagnosis of *** positive predictive value was 71.4%,while the negative predictive value was 100%.The likelihood ratios were 6.0 for a positive test result and 0 for a negative *** The postoperative ICG test in a drainage tube is a valuable and simple t

关键词： Gut leakage Indocyanine green Anastomotic leakage model Diagnostic test Diagnostic technique

Four decades of full-scale nitrous oxide emission inventory in China

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 137-149页

作者： Minqi Liang Zheyan Zhou Peiyang Ren Han Xiao Xu-Ri Zhongmin Hu Shilong Piao Hanqin tian Qing tong Feng Zhou Jing Wei Wenping Yuan School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Data Center of Terrestrial and Marine Ecosystems Carbon Cycle Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province Hainan University Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston College Institute of Energy Environment and Economy Tsinghua University Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)

China is among the top nitrous oxide（N2O）-emitting countries, but existing national inventories do not provide full-scale emissions including both natural and anthropogenic sources. We conducted a four-decade（1980–2020） of comprehensive quantification of Chinese N2O inventory using empirical emission factor method for anthropogenic sources and two up-to-date process-based models for natural sources. Total N2O emissions peaked at 2287.4（1774.8–2799.9） Gg N2O yr-1in 2018, and agriculture-developed regions, like the East, Northeast, and Central, were the top N2O-emitting regions. Agricultural N2O emissions have started to decrease after 2016 due to the decline of nitrogen fertilization applications, while, industrial and energetic sources have been dramatically increasing after 2005. N2O emissions from agriculture, industry,energy, and waste represented 49.3%, 26.4%, 17.5%, and 6.7% of the anthropogenic emissions in 2020,respectively, which revealed that it is imperative to prioritize N2O emission mitigation in agriculture,industry, and energy. Natural N2O sources, dominated by forests, have been steadily growing from 317.3（290.3–344.1） Gg N2O yr-1in 1980 to 376.2（335.5–407.2） Gg N2O yr-1in 2020. Our study produces a Full-scale Annual N2O dataset in China（FAN2020）, providing emergent counting to refine the current national N2O inventories.

关键词： nitrous oxide four decades anthropogenic sources natural sources

Five quinolizidine alkaloids with anti-tobacco mosaic virus activities from two species of Sophora

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 380-384页

作者： Ji Zhang tong Zhang Qiao An Peng Zhang Cai-Yan tian Chun-Mao Yuan Ping Yi Zhan-Xing Hu Xiao-Jiang Hao State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550014China Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550014China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Pharmacy Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201China Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesKunming 650201China

Three novel matrine-type alkaloids(1-3)and two unprecedented aloperine-type alkaloids(4 and 5)were isolated from the root of Sophora tonkinensis and the seeds of Sophora alopecuroides ***,compound 1 possessed an unprecedented 6/5/6 tricyclic skeleton,while compounds 2 and 3 characterized by rare 6/6/5/6 tetracyclic system and 6/6/6/6/6 pentacyclic system ***,compound 4 possessed an unprecedented 6/7/6/6 tetracyclic core,and compound 5 characterized by rare 6/6/6/6tetracyclic *** structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)*** tests indicated that compound 5 displayed significant anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)activity compared with the positive control ningnanmycin.

关键词： Matrine-type alkaloids Aloperine-type alkaloids Sophora tonkinensis Sophora alopecuroides Anti-tobacco mosaic virus

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Surface-induced interaction of colloidal particles in isotropic liquid crystals

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第7期76卷 116-124页

作者： Hualing Zhang Kaifeng weng Rui Ma Department of Physics College of Physical Science and Technology Xiamen University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter Xiamen University

In this work, we study the interaction between two colloidal particles in a liquid crystal that is in the isotropic phase. The interaction is caused by surface-induced polarization of the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of the particles. We find that the interaction is short-ranged in both 2D and 3D geometry. Under symmetric homeotropic anchoring conditions, the interaction is repulsive. While under anti-symmetric homeotropic anchoring conditions, the interaction is repulsive at short distances but attractive at intermediate distances. The particle size has a strong impact on the effective interaction force.

关键词： colloidal particles liquid crystals surface-induced interaction

Selective nano-buckling improves the performance of graphene logic transistors

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 95-96页

作者： tong Yang Ming Yang Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Research Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

The massive integration of silicon-based transistors into modern electronic devices greatly increases power consumption and heat generation/dissipation[1]. In this concern, transistors based on atomically-thin graphene that exhibit high electric and thermoelectric conductivities with negligible contact resistance,

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Precise region semantics-assisted GAN for pose-guided person image generation

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第3期9卷 665-678页

作者： Ji Liu Zhenyu weng Yuesheng Zhu Communication and Information Security Lab Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhenChina School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Generating a realistic person's image from one source pose conditioned on another different target pose is a promising computer vision *** previous mainstream methods mainly focus on exploring the transformation relationship between the keypoint-based source pose and the target pose,but rarely investigate the region-based human semantic *** current methods that adopt the parsing map neither consider the precise local pose-semantic matching issues nor the correspondence between two different *** this study,a Region Semantics-Assisted Generative Adversarial Network(RSA-GAN)is proposed for the pose-guided person image gen-eration *** particular,a regional pose-guided semantic fusion module is first devel-oped to solve the imprecise match issue between the semantic parsing map from a certain source image and the corresponding keypoints in the source *** well align the style of the human in the source image with the target pose,a pose correspondence guided style injection module is designed to learn the correspondence between the source pose and the target *** addition,one gated depth-wise convolutional cross-attention based style integration module is proposed to distribute the well-aligned coarse style information together with the precisely matched pose-guided semantic information to-wards the target *** experimental results indicate that the proposed RSA-GAN achieves a 23%reduction in LPIPS compared to the method without using the seman-tic maps and a 6.9%reduction in FID for the method with semantic maps,respectively,and also shows higher realistic qualitative results.

关键词： deep learning image processing

A Blockchain-Based Access Control Scheme for Reputation Value Attributes of the Internet of Things

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1297-1310页

作者： Hongliang tian Junyuan tian College of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012China

The Internet of Things(IoT)access controlmechanism may encounter security issues such as single point of failure and data *** address these issues,a blockchain-based IoT reputation value attribute access control scheme is ***,writing the reputation value as an attribute into the access control policy,and then deploying the access control policy in the smart contract of the blockchain system can enable the system to provide more fine-grained access control;Secondly,storing a large amount of resources fromthe Internet of Things in Inter Planetary File System(IPFS)to improve system throughput;Finally,map resource access operations to qualification tokens to improve the performance of the access control *** simulation experiments based on the Hyperledger Fabric *** simulation experimental results,it can be seen that the access control system can achieve more fine-grained and dynamic access control while maintaining high throughput and low time delay,providing sufficient reliability and security for access control of IoT devices.

关键词： Blockchain IoT access control Hyperledger Fabric

Fine-tuning the activation behaviors of ternary modular cabazitaxel prodrugs for efficient and on-target oral anti-cancer therapy

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第2期19卷 188-203页

作者： Mingyang Zhang Yifan Miao Can Zhao tong Liu Xiyan Wang Zixuan Wang Wenxin Zhong Zhonggui He Chutong tian Jin Sun Department of Pharmaceutics Wuya College of InnovationShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310058China Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems Ministry of EducationShenyang 110016China Liaoning Provincial Institute of Drug Inspection and Testing Shenyang 110036China

The disulfide bond plays a crucial role in the design of anti-tumor prodrugs due to its exceptional tumor-specific redox responsiveness. However, premature breaking of disulfide bonds is triggered by small amounts of reducing substances (e.g., ascorbic acid, glutathione, uric acid and tea polyphenols) in the systemic circulation. This may lead to toxicity, particularly in oral prodrugs that require more frequent and high-dose treatments. Fine-tuning the activation kinetics of these prodrugs is a promising prospect for more efficient on-target cancer therapies. In this study, disulfide, steric disulfide, and ester bonds were used to bridge cabazitaxel (CTX) to an intestinal lymph vessel-directed triglyceride (TG) module. Then, synthetic prodrugs were efficiently incorporated into self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (corn oil and Maisine CC were used as the oil phase and Cremophor EL as the surfactant). All three prodrugs had excellent gastric stability and intestinal permeability. The oral bioavailability of the disulfide bond-based prodrugs (CTX-(C)S-(C)S-TG and CTX-S-S-TG) was 11.5- and 19.1-fold higher than that of the CTX solution, respectively, demonstrating good oral delivery efficiency. However, the excessive reduction sensitivity of the disulfide bond resulted in lower plasma stability and safety of CTX-S-S-TG than that of CTX-(C)S-(C)S-TG. Moreover, introducing steric hindrance into disulfide bonds could also modulate drug release and cytotoxicity, significantly improving the anti-tumor activity even compared to that of intravenous CTX solution at half dosage while minimizing off-target adverse effects. Our findings provide insights into the design and fine-tuning of different disulfide bond-based linkers, which may help identify oral prodrugs with more potent therapeutic efficacy and safety for cancer therapy.

关键词： Steric disulfide bond Triglyceride-like pr odrugs Cabazitaxel Lymphatic transport Oral chemotherapy

Treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 325-339页

作者： tong tong Yi-Hua Jin Min Wang Fang-Qi Gong Department of Cardiology Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNo.3333 Binsheng RoadHangzhou 310052China

Background Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(MIS-C),a relatively uncommon but severe pediatric complication,is associated with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).A variety of treatment approaches,including intravenous immunoglobulins(IVIGs),glucocorticoids(GCs)and biologic agents,such as anakinra and infliximab,have been described for the management of COVID-19-related *** therapy is also ***,a well-developed treatment system has not been established,and many issues remain *** recently published articles related to the treatment of MIS-C have been ***,in this review,we identified relevant articles published recently and summarized the treatment of MIS-C more comprehensively and *** sources We reviewed the literature on the treatment of MIS-C through 20 September *** PubMed/Medline,Web of Science,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library databases were searched with the combination of the terms"multisystem inflammatory syndrome","MIS-C","PIMS-TS","therapy","treatment","drug","IVIG","GCs","intravenous immunoglobulin","corticosteroids","biological agent",and"aspirin".Results The severity of MIS-C varies,and different treatment schemes should be used according to the specific *** research and data collection are vital to better understand the pathophysiology and optimal management of *** MIS-Cis a disease involving multiple systems and has great *** the accumulation of additional experience,we have garnered fresh insights into its treatment ***,there remains a critical need for greater standardization in treatment protocols,alongside the pressing necessity for more robust and meticulously conducted studies to deepen our understanding of these protocols.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019-Corticosteroids Intravenous immunoglobulin Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children-Treatment