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Optimal retrofitting scenarios of multi-objective energy-efficient historic building under different national goals integrating energy simulation,reduced order modelling and NSGA-II algorithm

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Building Simulation 2024年第6期17卷 933-954页

作者： Hailu Wei Yuanhao Jiao Zhe Wang Wei Wang tong zhang School of Architecture Southeast UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210096China Key Laboratory of Urban and Architectural Heritage Conservation(Southeast University) Ministry of EducationNanjingChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute FutianShenzhenChina

Retrofitting a historic building under different national goals involves multiple objectives,constraints,and numerous potential measures and packages,therefore it is time-consuming and challenging during the early design *** study introduces a systematic retrofitting approach that incorporates standard measures for the building envelope(walls,windows,roof),as well as the heating,cooling,and lighting *** retrofit objectives are delineated based on prevailing Chinese *** retrofit measures function as genes to optimize energy-savings,carbon emissions,and net present value(NPV)by employing a log-additive decomposition approach through energy simulation techniques and NSGA-II,yielding 185,163,and 8 ***,a weighted sum method is proposed to derive optimal solutions across multiple *** framework is applied to a courtyard building in Nanjing,China,and the outcomes of the implementation are scrutinized to ascertain the optimal retrofit package under various *** this retrofit,energy consumption can be diminished by up to 63.62%,resulting in an NPV growth of 151.84%,and maximum rate of 60.48%carbon *** three result values not only indicate that the optimal values are achieved in these three aspects of energy saving,carbon reduction and economy,but also show the possibility of possible equilibrium in this multi-objective optimization *** framework proposed in this study effectively addresses the multi-objective optimization challenge in building renovation by employing a reliable optimization algorithm with a computationally efficient reduced-order *** provides valuable insights and recommendations for optimizing energy retrofit strategies and meeting various performance objectives.

关键词： historic building energy-efficient retrofitting building energy simulation log-additive decomposition approach NSGA-II

UV-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes for Antibiotic Resistance Control: Efficiency, Influencing Factors, and Energy Consumption

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 27-39页

作者： Jiarui Han Wanxin Li Yun Yang Xuanwei zhang Siyu Bao Xiangru zhang tong zhang Kenneth Mei Yee Leung Department of Civil and Environment Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB)with antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)can reduce or eliminate the effectiveness of antibiotics and thus threaten human *** United Nations Environment Programme considers antibiotic resistance the first of six emerging issues of *** oxidation processes(AOPs)that combine ultraviolet(UV)irradiation and chemical oxidation(primarily chlorine,hydrogen peroxide,and persulfate)have attracted increasing interest as advanced water and wastewater treatment *** integrated technologies have been reported to significantly elevate the efficiencies of ARB inactivation and ARG degradation compared with direct UV irradiation or chemical oxidation alone due to the generation of multiple reactive *** this study,the performance and underlying mechanisms of UV/chlorine,UV/hydrogen peroxide,and UV/persulfate processes for controlling ARB and ARGs were reviewed based on recent *** affecting the process-specific efficiency in controlling ARB and ARGs were discussed,including biotic factors,oxidant dose,UV fluence,pH,and water matrix *** addition,the cost-effectiveness of the UV-based AOPs was evaluated using the concept of electrical energy per *** UV/chlorine process exhibited a higher efficiency with lower energy consumption than other UV-based AOPs in the wastewater matrix,indicating its potential for ARB inactivation and ARG degradation in wastewater *** studies are required to address the trade-off between toxic byproduct formation and the energy efficiency of the UV/chlorine process in real wastewater to facilitate its optimization and application in the control of ARB and ARGs.

关键词： Advanced oxidation processes Ultraviolet/chlorine Ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide Ultraviolet/persulfate Antibiotic resistant bacteria Antibiotic resistance genes

Toward a Direct Measurement of the Cosmic Acceleration: The Pilot Observation of HI 21 cm Absorption Line at FAST

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第7期24卷 50-58页

作者： Jiangang Kang Chang-Zhi Lu tong-Jie zhang Ming Zhu Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University School of Physics and Astronomy Beijing Normal University National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study presents results on detecting neutral atomic hydrogen（H I） 21 cm absorption in the spectrum of PKS PKS1413+13 at redshift z = 0.24670041. The observation was conducted by FAST, with a spectral resolution of10 Hz, using 10 minutes of observing time. The global spectral profile is examined by modeling the absorption line using a single Gaussian function with a resolution of 10 kHz within a 2 MHz bandwidth. The goal is to determine the rate of the latest cosmic acceleration by directly measuring the redshift evolution of the H I 21 cm absorption line with Hubble flow toward a common background quasar over a decade or longer time span. This will serve as a detectable signal generated by the accelerated expansion of the Universe at redshift z < 1, referred to as redshift drift z（5） or the SL effect. The measured H I gas column density in this DLA system is approximately equivalent to the initial observation value, considering uncertainties of the spin temperature of a spiral host galaxy. The high signal-to-noise ratio of 57,obtained at a 10 kHz resolution, strongly supports the feasibility of using the H I 21 cm absorption line in DLA systems to accurately measure the redshift drift rate at a precision level of around 10-10per decade.

关键词： (cosmology:) cosmological parameters (cosmology:) dark energy cosmology: observations cosmology: theory ISM: clouds radio lines: galaxies radio lines: ISM

Economical Quadrupedal Multi-Gait Locomotion via Gait-Heuristic Reinforcement Learning

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1720-1732页

作者： Lang Wei Jinzhou Zou Xi Yu Liangyu Liu Jianbin Liao Wei Wang tong zhang School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityLuojiashanWuhan430072HubeiChina State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote SensingWuhan UniversityLuojiashanWuhan430072HubeiChina

In order to strike a balance between achieving desired velocities and minimizing energy consumption,legged animals have the ability to adopt the appropriate gait pattern and seamlessly transition to another if *** ability makes them more versatile and efficient when traversing natural terrains,and more suitable for long *** the same way,it is meaningful and important for quadruped robots to master this *** achieve this goal,we propose an effective gait-heuristic reinforcement learning framework in which multiple gait locomotion and smooth gait transitions automatically emerge to reach target velocities while minimizing energy *** incorporate a novel trajectory generator with explicit gait information as a memory mechanism into the deep reinforcement learning *** allows the quadruped robot to adopt reliable and distinct gait patterns while benefiting from a warm start provided by the trajectory ***,we investigate the key factors contributing to the emergence of multiple gait *** tested our framework on a closed-chain quadruped robot and demonstrated that the robot can change its gait patterns,such as standing,walking,and trotting,to adopt the most energy-efficient gait at a given ***,we deploy our learned controller to a quadruped robot and demonstrate the energy efficiency and robustness of our method.

关键词： Legged robots Deep reinforcement learning Central pattern generator Quadrupedal gait

Advanced nano-based strategies for mRNA tumor vaccine

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 170-189页

作者： Yangqi Qu Jingjing Xu tong zhang Qinjun Chen Tao Sun Chen Jiang Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery(Ministry of Education) Minhang HospitalState Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyDepartment of PharmaceuticsSchool of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China

Tumor vaccine is a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy by introducing tumor antigens into the body to activate specific anti-tumor immune *** with the technological breakthroughs in genetic engineering and delivery systems,messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)technology has achieved unprecedented development and application over the last few years,especially the emergency use authorizations of two mRNA vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic,which has saved countless lives and makes the world witness the powerful efficacy of mRNA technology in ***,unlike infectious disease vaccines,which mainly induce humoral immunity,tumor vaccines also need to activate potent cellular immunity to control tumor growth,which creates a higher demand for mRNA delivery to the lymphatic organs and antigen-presenting cells(APCs).Here we review the existing bottlenecks of mRNA tumor vaccines and advanced nano-based strategies to overcome those challenges,as well as future considerations of mRNA tumor vaccines and their delivery systems.

关键词： mRNA vaccine Nanoparticle Tumor vaccine Delivery system Stability Targeting Transfection Immunogenicity

Five quinolizidine alkaloids with anti-tobacco mosaic virus activities from two species of Sophora

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 380-384页

作者： Ji zhang tong zhang Qiao An Peng zhang Cai-Yan Tian Chun-Mao Yuan Ping Yi Zhan-Xing Hu Xiao-Jiang Hao State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550014China Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550014China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Pharmacy Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201China Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesKunming 650201China

Three novel matrine-type alkaloids(1-3)and two unprecedented aloperine-type alkaloids(4 and 5)were isolated from the root of Sophora tonkinensis and the seeds of Sophora alopecuroides ***,compound 1 possessed an unprecedented 6/5/6 tricyclic skeleton,while compounds 2 and 3 characterized by rare 6/6/5/6 tetracyclic system and 6/6/6/6/6 pentacyclic system ***,compound 4 possessed an unprecedented 6/7/6/6 tetracyclic core,and compound 5 characterized by rare 6/6/6/6tetracyclic *** structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)*** tests indicated that compound 5 displayed significant anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)activity compared with the positive control ningnanmycin.

关键词： Matrine-type alkaloids Aloperine-type alkaloids Sophora tonkinensis Sophora alopecuroides Anti-tobacco mosaic virus

Genome-wide CRISPR screening reveals key genes and pathways associated with 20-hydroxyecdysone signal transduction in the silkworm(Bombyx mori)

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 47-58页

作者： Hao Sun Jingya Chen Ruolin Wang Dan Liu Na zhang tong zhang Ling Jia Sanyuan Ma Qingyou Xia State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest UniversityChongqingChina Biological Science Research Center Southwest UniversityChongqingChina

Metamorphosis is a complex developmental process involving multiple pathways and a large number of genes that are regulated by juvenile hormone(JH)and 20-hydroxyecdysone(20E).Despite important progress in understanding various aspects of silkworm biology,the hormone signaling pathway in the silkworm remains poorly ***-wide screening using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)-based libraries has recently emerged as a novel method for analyzing genome function,enabling further research into essential genes,drug targets,and virus-host ***,we constructed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based library of the silkworm(Bombyx mori)and successfully revealed the genes involved in biotic or abiotic stress factor *** this study,we used our silkworm CRISPR library and large-scale genome-wide screening to analyze the key genes in the silkworm 20E signaling pathway and their mechanisms of *** annotation showed that 20E regulates key proteins in processes that mainly occur in the cytoplasm and *** enrichment analysis showed that 20E can activate phosphorylation and may affect innate immunity,interfere with intracellular nutrition and energy metabolism,and eventually cause cell *** screening results were experimentally validated by generating cells with knockout alleles of the relevant genes,which had increased tolerance to *** findings provide a panoramic overview of signaling in response to 20E in the silkworm,underscoring the utility of genome-wide CRISPR mutant libraries in deciphering hormone signaling pathways and the mechanisms that regulate metamorphosis in insects.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 CRISPR library screening ecdysone 20E signal transduction silkworm whole genome editing

Esophageal cancer screening,early detection and treatment:Current insights and future directions

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1180-1191页

作者： Hong-Tao Qu Qing Li Liang Hao Yan-Jing Ni Wen-Yu Luan Zhe Yang Xiao-Dong Chen tong-tong zhang Yan-Dong Miao Fang zhang Department of Emergency Yantai Mountain HospitalYantai 264000Shandong ProvinceChina Cancer Center Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical UniversityThe 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai 264100Shandong ProvinceChina

Esophageal cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally,primarily due to its highly aggressive nature and poor survival *** to the 2020 global cancer statistics,there were approximately 604000 new cases of esophageal cancer,resulting in 544000 *** 5-year survival rate hovers around a mere 15%-25%.Notably,distinct variations exist in the risk factors associated with the two primary histological types,influencing their worldwide incidence and *** cell carcinoma displays a high incidence in specific regions,such as certain areas in China,where it meets the cost-effect-iveness criteria for widespread endoscopy-based early diagnosis within the local ***,adenocarcinoma(EAC)represents the most common histological subtype of esophageal cancer in Europe and the United *** role of early diagnosis in cases of EAC originating from Barrett's esophagus(BE)remains a subject of *** effectiveness of early detection for EAC,particularly those arising from BE,continues to be a debated *** variations in how early-stage esophageal carcinoma is treated in different regions are largely due to the differing rates of early-stage cancer *** areas with higher incidences,such as China and Japan,early diagnosis is more common,which has led to the advancement of endoscopic methods as definitive *** techniques have demonstrated remarkable efficacy with minimal complications while preserving esophageal *** screening,prompt diagnosis,and timely treatment are key strategies that can significantly lower both the occurrence and death rates associated with esophageal cancer.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Screening Early detection Treatment Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection

Inhalation of taraxasterol loaded mixed micelles for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 475-480页

作者： tong zhang Chao Sun Shubin Yang Zimin Cai Sifeng Zhu Wendian Liu Yun Luan Cheng Wang Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of EducationSchool of Medicine and PharmacyOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Central Research Laboratory Department of General Surgerythe Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityJi’nan 250033China Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China Orthopedics Dept.1 Rushan people’s hospitalRushan 264500China Department of Cardiology the Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityJi’nan 250033China

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is a chronic and fatal lung disease characterized by pulmonary inflam-mation,oxidative stress,and excessive extracellular matrix(ECM)*** anti-fibrotic drugs for IPF treatment in the clinic lack selectivity and demonstrate unsatisfactory efficacy,highlighting the urgent necessity for a novel therapeutic ***(TA),which has biological activities against lung injury induced by various factors,is a potential anti-IPF drug due to its anti-inflammatory,antiox-idant and lung-protective ***,the protective effect of TA on IPF has not been confirmed,and its clinical application is limited due to its poor aqueous *** this study,we demonstrated that TA could inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and migration of A549 cells by inhibiting the transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)/Smad signaling *** improve the aqueous solubility and pulmonary administration performance of TA,we prepared TA loaded methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(d,l-lactide)(mPEG-PLA)/d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate(TPGS)mixed polymeric mi-celles(TA-PM).Then a MicroSprayer^(■)Aerosolizer was used to deliver TA-PM once every two days for three weeks to evaluate their therapeutic effects on bleomycin(BLM)-induced IPF *** results demonstrated that inhaled TA-PM significantly inhibited BLM-induced inflammation,oxidative stress and fibrosis in lung ***,TA-PM exhibited high pulmonary deposition and retention by pul-monary administration,along with a favorable safety ***,this study emphasizes the potential of inhaled TA-PM as a promising treatment for IPF,providing a new opportunity for their clinical appli-cation.

关键词： Taraxasterol Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Mixed polymeric micelles Pulmonary administration Bleomycin