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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1583-1592页

作者： lei HOU JUNNAN WANG QIHUI HE SUGUO CHEN lei YANG SUNCHAO HUANG WEI SHI Department of Physics Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China School of Electrical Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 610101Singapore

In recent years,terahertz (THz) technology has made significant progress in numerous applications;however,the highly sensitive,room-temperature THz detectors are still rare,which is one of the bottlenecks in THz *** this paper,we proposed a room-temperature electrometry method for THz detection by laser spectroscopy of cesium(^(133)Cs) Rydberg atoms,and conducted a comprehensive investigation of the five-level system involving electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT),electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA),and Autler–Townes (AT) splitting in^(133)Cs *** solving the Lindblad master equation,we found that the influence of the THz electric field,probe laser,dressing laser,and Rydberg laser on the ground state atomic population as well as the coherence between the ground state and the Rydberg state,plays a crucial role in the transformation and amplitude of the EIT and EIA *** and the atomic vapor cell’s dimensions affect the number of^(133)Cs atoms involved in the detection,and ultimately determine the *** predicted the proposed quantum coherence THz detection method has a remarkable sensitivity of as low as 10^(-9)V m^(-1)Hz^(-1/2).This research offers a valuable theoretical basis for implementing and optimizing quantum coherence effects based on Rydberg atoms for THz wave detection with high sensitivity and room-temperature operation.

关键词： quantum Rydberg dimensions

Pharmacological Effects of Botanical Drugs on Myocardial Metabolism in Chronic Heart Failure

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期30卷 458-467页

作者： HU Yu-xuan QIU Sheng-lei SHANG Ju-ju WANG Zi LAI Xiao-lei Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100010China

Although there have been significant advances in the treatment of heart failure in recent years,chronic heart failure remains a leading cause of cardiovascular disease-related *** studies have found that targeted cardiac metabolic remodeling has good potential for the treatment of heart ***,most of the drugs that increase cardiac energy are still in the theoretical or testing *** research has found that botanical drugs not only increase myocardial energy metabolism through multiple targets but also have the potential to restore the balance of myocardial substrate *** this review,we summarized the mechanisms by which botanical drugs(the active ingredients/formulas/Chinese patent medicines)improve substrate utilization and promote myocardial energy metabolism by activating AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)and other related *** the same time,some potential protective effects of botanical drugs on myocardium,such as alleviating oxidative stress and dysbiosis signaling,caused by metabolic disorders,were briefly discussed.

关键词： botanical drugs chronic heart failure myocardial metabolism pharmacological effects review

Effects of acid deposition control in China:a review based on responses of subtropical forests

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 115-126页

作者： Danni Xie Xiaodong Ge lei Duan Jan Mulder School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesBox 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway

For many decades,acid deposition used to pose a significant regional air pollution challenge in *** substantial emission control of anthropogenically derived sulfur and nitrogen containing gasses,both sulfur and nitrogen deposition,as well as the acid rain-affected area,have significantly decreased compared to their peak ***,particularly in the humid subtropics,are sensitive to acid deposition,as evidenced by soil acidification,sulfate and nitrate leaching in stream water,and elevated soil nitrous oxide *** in the total deposition of sulfur and nitrogen,caused a significant decline in sulfate and nitrate leaching from subtropical forest and subsequently in sulfate and nitrate concentrations in stream water,although there was about a 5-year *** delay may be attributed to the desorption of accumulated sulfate and continued elevated mineralization of accumulated nitrogen *** of nitrous oxide,a potent greenhouse gas,also declined in nitrogen-saturated subtropical forest soils,as soil water nitrate concentration ***,subtropical forests in China suffering from elevated acid deposition have begun to ***,the current levels of sulfur and nitrogen deposition continue to exceed the critical loads,i.e.,the assigned threshold levels in accordance with emission control policies,in more than 10%of the country’s land area,respectively,indicating remaining risks of acidification and ***,further emission reductions are urgently needed,also because they will help achieving goals related to air quality and nitrous oxide emissions.

关键词： Acidification Critical load Nitrous oxide Surface water chemistry Recovery

SAT-Based Automatic Searching for Differential and Linear Trails: Applying to CRAX

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 72-79页

作者： Yiyi HAN Caibing WANG Zhongfeng NIU lei HU State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Boolean satisfiability problem(SAT) is now widely applied in differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis for various cipher *** generated many excellent results for some ciphers,for example,*** this research,we study the differential and linear propagations through the operations of addition,rotation and XOR(ARX),and construct the SAT *** apply the models to CRAX to search differential trails and linear trails *** this sense,our contnbution can be broadly divided into two *** give the bounds for differential and linear cryptanalysis of Alzette both up to 12 steps,by which we present a 3-round differential attack and a 3-round linear attack for *** construct a 4-round key-recovery attack for CRAX with time complexity289times of 4-round encryption and data complexity 225.

关键词： Ciphers Encryption Complexity theory Time complexity

Reduction of unactivated alkyl chlorides enabled by light-induced single electron transfer

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 471-481页

作者： lei Dai Zhao-Fei Zhang Xiang-Yu Chen School of Chemical Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Binzhou Institute of Technology Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology ParkBinzhou256606China

Alkyl chlorides are abundant and easily accessible starting ***,due to the high reduction potentials associated with unactivated alkyl chlorides,achieving their single electron reduction remains a persistent *** challenge has spurred the exploration of efficient activation methods to overcome this *** recent years,photocatalysis has emerged as a mild and potent tool for the single electron reduction of unactivated alkyl chlorides,opening up new possibilities in this *** the rapid advancements in this area,a comprehensive review that provides a conceptual understanding of this emerging field,with a specific focus on reaction design and catalytic mechanisms,would be timely and highly ***,we present an overview of various synthetic techniques for photoinduced single electron reduction of unactivated alkyl ***,we also discuss the limitations of the present methods and future directions that lie ahead in this field.

关键词： photocatalysis unactivated alkyl chlorides single electron transfer radical reactions

Effects of Number of Bleed Holes on Shock-Wave/Boundary-Layer Interactions in a Transonic Compressor Stator

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 611-624页

作者： LI Bai ZHOU Xun LUO lei DU Wei School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

An extensive numerical investigation is conducted to characterize the flow separation control in a transonic compressor cascade with a porous *** bleed holes are arranged on the suction surface in a single row,two staggered rows and three staggered *** each bleed scheme,five bleed pressure ratios are examined at an inlet Mach number of *** results indicate that the aerodynamic performance of the cascade is significantly improved by the porous *** the single-row scheme,the maximum reduction in total pressure losses is 57%.For the two-staggered-row and three-staggered-row schemes,there is an optimal bleed pressure ratio of 1.0,and the maximum reductions in total pressure loss are 68% and 75%,*** low loss in the cascade is due to the well-controlled boundary *** new local supersonic region created by the bleed hole is the key reason for the improved boundary *** vortex induced by side bleeding provides another mechanism for delaying flow *** the bleed holes could create multiple local supersonic regions,which reduce the range of the adverse pressure gradient that the boundary layer needs to *** is the reason why cascades with more bleed holes perform better.

关键词： transonic compressor stator shock wave/boundary layer interaction porous bleed number of bleed holes

Recent progress of cobalt-based electrocatalysts for water splitting: Electron modulation, surface reconstitution, and applications

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2234-2269页

作者： Zhijian Liang Di Shen lei Wang Honggang Fu Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of ChinaHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China

Electrocatalytic water splitting is an essential and effective means to produce green hydrogen energy structures,so it is necessary to develop non-precious metal catalysts to replace precious ***-based catalysts present effective alternatives due to the diverse valence states,adjustable electronic structures,and plentiful *** this review,the catalytic mechanisms of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)for electrocatalytic water splitting are ***,the synthesis strategies of various cobalt-based catalysts are systematically summarized,followed by the relationships between the structure and performance ***,the effects of d-band center and spin regulation for cobalt-based catalysts are also ***,the dynamic electronic and structural devolution of cobalt-based catalysts are elucidated by combining a series of in-situ ***,we highlight the challenges and future developed directions of cobalt-based catalysts for electrocatalytic water splitting.

关键词： cobalt-based electrocatalysts water splitting electron modulation surface reconfiguration

A Multiscale Model of Mass-Functionally Graded Beam-Fluid System Under Bending and Vibration Responses

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第2期37卷 327-340页

作者： lei Zhang Jianping Lin Jiaqing Jiang Guannan Wang Department of Civil Engineering Zhejiang University866 Yuhangtang RoadHangzhou310058China Center for Balance Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310007China College of Civil Engineering Huaqiao UniversityXiamen361021China Key Laboratory for Intelligent Infrastructure and Monitoring of Fujian Province Huaqiao UniversityXiamen361021China Department of Engineering Mechanics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

In this paper,a multiscale model is developed for the mass functionally graded(FG)beam-fluid system to investigate its static and dynamic responses based on 3D printed porous beam free vibration tests,which are determined by two *** the microstructural level,the gradient variation is realized by arbitrary distribution of matrix pores,and the effective moduli under specific distribution are obtained using the micromechanics homogenization *** the meantime,at the structural level,the mechanical responses of FG porous beams subjected to mass loading are considered in a static fluid ***,the explicit expressions of local finite-element(FE)expressions corresponding to the static and dynamic responses are given in the *** present results are validated against numerical and experimental results from the literature and mechanical tests of 3D printed structures,with good agreement generally obtained,giving credence to the present *** this basis,a comprehensive parametric study is carried out,with a particular focus on the effects of boundary conditions,fluid density,and slenderness ratio on the bending and vibration of FG beams with several different gradations.

关键词： 3D printed test Mass functionally graded beam-fluid system Multiscale model Local finite-element expressions Static bending Free vibration

Fault diagnosis of HVAC system with imbalanced data using multi-scale convolution composite neural network

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 371-386页

作者： Rouhui Wu Yizhu Ren Mengying Tan lei Nie School of Mechanical Engineering Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan430068China Industrial Research Institute of Xiangyang Hubei University of Technology Xiangyang441100China

Accurate fault diagnosis of heating,ventilation,and air conditioning(HVAC)systems is of significant importance for maintaining normal operation,reducing energy consumption,and minimizing maintenance ***,in practical applications,it is challenging to obtain sufficient fault data for HVAC systems,leading to imbalanced data,where the number of fault samples is much smaller than that of normal ***,most existing HVAC system fault diagnosis methods heavily rely on balanced training sets to achieve high fault diagnosis ***,to address this issue,a composite neural network fault diagnosis model is proposed,which combines SMOTETomek,multi-scale one-dimensional convolutional neural networks(M1DCNN),and support vector machine(SVM).This method first utilizes SMOTETomek to augment the minority class samples in the imbalanced dataset,achieving a balanced number of faulty and normal ***,it employs the M1DCNN model to extract feature information from the augmented ***,it replaces the original Softmax classifier with an SVM classifier for classification,thus enhancing the fault diagnosis *** the SMOTETomek-M1DCNN-SVM method,we conducted fault diagnosis validation on both the ASHRAE RP-1043 dataset and experimental dataset with an imbalance ratio of 1:*** results demonstrate the superiority of this approach,providing a novel and promising solution for intelligent building management,with accuracy and F1 scores of 98.45%and 100%for the RP-1043 dataset and experimental dataset,respectively.

关键词： fault diagnosis chiller imbalanced data SMOTETomek multi-scale neural networks

A physics-informed neural network for simulation of finite deformation in hyperelastic-magnetic coupling problems

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第10期45卷 1717-1732页

作者： WANG lei LUO Zikun LU Mengkai TANG Minghai Department of Engineering Mechanics College of Mechanics and Engineering SciencesHohai UniversityNanjing 211100China School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211Zhejiang ProvinceChina

Recently,numerous studies have demonstrated that the physics-informed neural network(PINN)can effectively and accurately resolve hyperelastic finite deformation *** this paper,a PINN framework for tackling hyperelastic-magnetic coupling problems is *** the solution space consists of two-phase domains,two separate networks are constructed to independently predict the solution for each phase *** addition,a conscious point allocation strategy is incorporated to enhance the prediction precision of the PINN in regions characterized by sharp *** the developed framework,the magnetic fields and deformation fields of magnetorheological elastomers(MREs)are solved under the control of hyperelastic-magnetic coupling *** examples are provided and contrasted with the reference results to validate the predictive accuracy of the proposed ***,the advantages of the proposed framework in solving hyperelastic-magnetic coupling problems are validated,particularly in handling small data sets,as well as its ability in swiftly and precisely forecasting magnetostrictive motion.

关键词： physics-informed neural network(PINN) deep learning hyperelastic-magnetic coupling finite deformation small data set