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Decadal Variation of the Impact of La Nina on the Winter Arctic stratosphere

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2017年第5期34卷 679-684页

作者： shuangyan YANG tim LI Jinggao HU Xi sHeN Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of lnformation Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China International Pacific Research center and Department of Atmospheric sciences University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu Hawaii 96822 USA

The impact of La Ni?a on the winter Arctic stratosphere has thus far been an ambiguous topic of research. contradictory results have been reported depending on the La Ni?a events considered. This study shows that this is mainly due to the decadal variation of La Ni?a’s impact on the winter Arctic stratosphere since the late 1970 s. specifically,during the period1951–78,the tropospheric La Ni?a teleconnection exhibits a typical negative Pacific–North America pattern,which strongly inhibits the propagation of the planetary waves from the extratropical troposphere to the stratosphere,and leads to a significantly strengthened stratospheric polar vortex. In contrast,during 1979–2015,the La Ni?a teleconnection shifts eastwards,with an anomalous high concentrated in the northeastern Pacific. The destructive interference of the La Ni?a teleconnection with climatological stationary waves seen in the earlier period reduces greatly,which prevents the drastic reduction of planetary wave activities in the extratropical stratosphere. correspondingly,the stratospheric response shows a less disturbed stratospheric polar vortex in winter.

关键词： La Nina stratospheric polar vortex decadal variation planetary waves

Refining pathological evaluation of neoadjuvant therapy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第48期19卷 9282-9293页

作者： Fergus Noble Luke Nolan Adrian c Bateman James P Byrne Jamie J Kelly Ian s Bailey Donna M sharland charlotte N Rees timothy J Iveson tim J Underwood Andrew R Bateman cancer sciences Unit Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom Department of surgery University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom Department of cellular Pathology University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom cancer care University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom

AIM:To assess tumour regression grade(TRG)and lymph node downstaging to help define patients who benefit from neoadjuvant ***:Two hundred and eighteen consecutive patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastro-esophageal junction treated with surgery alone or neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery between 2005and 2011 at a single institution were *** neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of platinum,fluoropyrimidine and anthracycline was considered for operable patients(World Health Organization performance status≤2)with clinical stage T2-4 *** to neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAc)was assessed using TRG,as described by Mandard et *** addition lymph node downstaging was also *** node downstaging was defined by cN1 at diagnosis:assessed radiologically(computed tomography,positron emission tomography,endoscopic ultrasonography),then pathologically recorded as N0 after surgery;ypN0 if NAc given prior to surgery,or pN0if surgery *** were followed up for 5 years post *** was defined radiologically,with or without pathological *** association was examined between t TRG and lymph node downstaging with disease free survival(DFs)and a comprehensive range of clinicopathological ***:Two hundred and eighteen patients underwent esophageal resection during the study interval with a mean follow up of 3 years(median follow up:2.552,95%cI:2.022-3.081).There was a 1.8%(n=4)inpatient mortality *** hundred and thirty-six(62.4%)patients received NAc,with 74.3%(n=101)of patients demonstrating some signs of pathological tumour regression(TRG 1-4)and 5.9%(n=8)having a complete pathological *** four point one percent(n=60)had downstaging of their nodal disease(cN1 to ypN0),compared to only 15.9%(n=13)that underwent surgery alone(pre-operatively overstaged:cN1 to pN0),(Pesponse to NAc was associated with significantly increased DFs(mean DFs;TRG 1-2:5.1years,

关键词： esophageal cancer Gastro-esophageal cancer Neoadjuvant Regression

Quenching of the red Mn^(4+) luminescence in Mn^(4+)-doped fluoride LeD phosphors

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Light(science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 973-985页

作者： tim senden Relinde J.A.van Dijk-Moes Andries Meijerink condensed Matter and Interfaces Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityP.O.Box 800003508 TA UtrechtThe Netherlands soft condensed Matter Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityP.O.Box 800003508 TA UtrechtThe Netherlands

Red-emitting Mn^(4+)-doped fluorides are a promising class of materials to improve the color rendering and luminous efficacy of white light-emitting diodes(w-LeDs).For w-LeDs,the luminescence quenching temperature is very important,but surprisingly no systematic research has been conducted to understand the mechanism for thermal quenching in Mn^(4+)-doped ***,concentration quenching of the Mn^(4+) luminescence can be an issue but detailed investigations are *** this work,we study thermal quenching and concentration quenching in Mn^(4+)-doped fluorides by measuring luminescence spectra and decay curves of K2TiF6:Mn^(4+) between 4 and 600 K and for Mn^(4+) concentrations from 0.01%to 15.7%.Temperature-dependent measurements on K2TiF6:Mn^(4+) and other Mn^(4+)-doped phosphors show that quenching occurs through thermally activated crossover between the ^(4)T_(2) excited state and ^(4)A_(2) ground *** quenching temperature can be optimized by designing host lattices in which Mn^(4+) has a high 4T2 state ***-dependent studies reveal that concentration quenching effects are limited in K_(2)TiF_(6):Mn^(4+)up to 5%Mn^(4+).This is important,as high Mn^(4+)concentrations are required for sufficient absorption of blue LeD light in the parity-forbidden Mn^(4+)d–d *** even higher Mn^(4+) concentrations(>10%),the quantum efficiency decreases,mostly due to direct energy transfer to quenching sites(defects and impurity ions).Optimization of the synthesis to reduce quenchers is crucial for developing more efficient highly absorbing Mn^(4+) *** present systematic study provides detailed insights into temperature and concentration quenching of Mn^(4+) emission and can be used to realize superior narrow-band red Mn^(4+) phosphors for w-LeDs.

关键词： luminescence quenching fluoride

Distinctive Precursory Air–sea signals between Regular and super el Ni os

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2016年第8期33卷 996-1004页

作者： Lin cHeN tim LI swadhin K.BeHeRA Takeshi DOI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Changeand Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and Technology International Pacific Research center School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology University of Hawaii Application Laboratory Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

statistically different precursory air–sea signals between a super and a regular el Ni no group are investigated, using observed ssT and rainfall data, and oceanic and atmospheric reanalysis data. The el Ni no events during 1958–2008 are first separated into two groups： a super el Ni no group（s-group） and a regular el Ni no group（R-group）. composite analysis shows that a significantly larger ssT anomaly（ssTA） tendency appears in s-group than in R-group during the onset phase[April–May（0）], when the positive ssTA is very small. A mixed-layer heat budget analysis indicates that the tendency difference arises primarily from the difference in zonal advective feedback and the associated zonal current anomaly（u）.This is attributed to the difference in the thermocline depth anomaly（D） over the off-equatorial western Pacific prior to the onset phase, as revealed by three ocean assimilation products. such a difference in D is caused by the difference in the wind stress curl anomaly in situ, which is mainly regulated by the anomalous ssT and precipitation over the Maritime continent and equatorial Pacific.

关键词： super el Ni no precursory air–sea signals thermocline depth anomaly eNsO

connections Between Induction generator effect and Open-loop Modal Proximity to cause sub-synchronous Oscillations in series-compensated Power system

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csee Journal of Power and energy systems 2024年第3期10卷 963-973页

作者： Wenjuan Du Yang Wang H.F.Wang Tao Zhao tim Littler college of electrical engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduChina school of electrical engineering the Queen’s University of BelfastBelfastUK Ieee

The induction generator effect(Ige)and the openloop modal proximity(OLMP)are two different reasons why subsynchronous oscillations(ssOs)in a series-compensated power system(scPs)may *** Ige attributes the growing ssOs to negative resistance,while the OLMP explains the ssO mechanism from the standpoint of modal *** this paper,we investigate the connections between the Ige and the OLMP through equivalent RLc circuit and open-loop modal *** investigation is conducted for two types of seriescompensated power systems where either a synchronous generator or a DFIG is connected at the sending *** investigation reveals the conditions,in which the Ige and the OLMP may jointly cause the growing ssOs,i.e.,both the Ige and the OLMP can explain why the growing ssOs ***,the investigation indicates that the Ige and the OLMP may be totally irrelevant and lead to growing ssOs *** implies that it is possible that in a scPs,the growing ssOs are only due to the Ige,and the OLMP is non-existent,and vice ***,when the growing ssOs occurs in a scPs,examination based on both the Ige and the OLMP should be carefully conducted in order to find if the oscillatory instability is due to the Ige,or the OLMP,or both of them.

关键词： Induction generator effect open-loop modal proximity series compensation sub-synchronous oscillations

LKB1 depletion-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition induces fibroblast activation in lung fibrosis

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genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 417-426页

作者： Zijian Xu elizabeth R.Davies Liudi Yao Yilu Zhou Juanjuan Li Aiman Alzetani Ben G.Marshall David Hancock tim Wallis Julian Downward Rob M.ewing Donna e.Davies Mark G.Jones Yihua Wang Biological sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK clinical and experimental sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR southampton Biomedical Research centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK University Hospital southampton Southampton SO166YDUK Oncogene Biology The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK

The factors that determine fibrosis progression or normal tissue repair are largely *** previously demonstrated that autophagy inhibition-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition(eMT)in human alveolar epithelial type Il(ATIl)cells augments local myofibroblast differentiation in pulmonary fibrosis by paracrine ***,we report that liver kinase B1(LKB1)inactivation in ATIl cells inhibits autophagy and induces eMT as a *** IPF lungs,this is caused by the down-regulation of cAB39L,a key subunit within the LKB1 complex.3D co-cultures of ATIl cells and MRc5 lung fibroblasts coupled with RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)confirmed that paracrine signaling between LKB1-depleted ATIl cells and fibroblasts augmented myofibroblast ***,these data suggest that reduced autophagy caused by LKB1 inhibition can induce eMT in ATIl cells and contribute to fibrosis via aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk.

关键词： cAB39L crosstalk eMT LKB1 Pulmonary fibrosis

Population Growth,Available Resources,and Quality of Life:china’s Post-Reform economic Development

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chinese Journal of Population,Resources and environment 2012年第2期10卷 67-77页

作者： tim Futing Liao Hua Qin Department of sociology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign IL 61820 United States Department of environmental studies University of Illinois at Springfield Springfield IL 62703 United States

Two opposing intellectual traditions and their contem-porary developments regarding the relations among population, available resources, and quality of life as reflected in economic growth are reviewed. What is at issue is whether population growth is detrimental to or beneficial for economic development. Neither of the extreme views gives a complete picture of the interplay among population, resources, and quality of life. Following previous literature on the topic, this paper establishes a more balanced approach that considers the function linking population and quality of life not constant but variable and regards the limitedness of resources as not absolute but relative to regions and societies. The proposed approach is more flexible in better explaining the relation between population and economic growth. china is examined as a case in point to shed light on the interaction of population growth, economic development, and available resources, and its recent post-economic reform experiences showcase the appropriateness of the synthetic approach.

关键词： population growth migration natural resources eco-nomic development quality of life

Impacts of intraseasonal oscillation on the onset and interannual variation of the Indian summer monsoon

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chinese science Bulletin 2009年第5期54卷 880-884页

作者： QI YanJun ZHANG RenHe LI tim WeN Min Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China state Key Laboratory of severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Graduate University of the chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China International Pacific Research center and Department of Meteorology University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu 96816 HI USA

The role of the intraseasonal oscillation (IsO) on the seasonal and interannual variations of the Indian summer monsoon is investigated based on the analysis of observational data. It is shown that the IsO significantly contributes to the establishment of low-level westerlies during the monsoon onset and developing periods. The effect of the IsO on the annual cycle of the monsoon is through nonlinear eddy momentum transport. On the interannual timescale, the Indian summer monsoon rainfall exhibits a significant out-of-phase relationship with the IsO intensity over the Indian monsoon region. In strong IsO years it appears the weak monsoon when there is an abnormal high over the India subcontinent in the lower troposphere. In weak IsO years there exists an abnormal low and the strong monsoon ap-pears.

关键词：大气季节震荡印度洋夏季季风年际变化

Inverted List Kinetic Monte carlo with Rejection Applied to Directed self-Assembly of epitaxial Growth

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communications in computational Physics 2009年第8期6卷 553-564页

作者： Michael A.saum tim P.schulze christian Ratsch Department of Mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennessee 37996USA Department of Mathematics and Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics University of California in Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA

We study the growth of epitaxial thin films on pre-patterned substrates that influence the surface diffusion of subsequently deposited material using a kinetic Monte carlo algorithm that combines the use of inverted lists with *** resulting algorithm is well adapted to systems with spatially heterogeneous hopping *** evaluate the algorithm’s performance we compare it with an efficient,binary-tree based algorithm.A key finding is that the relative performance of the inverted list algorithm improves with increasing system size.

关键词： epitaxial growth kinetic Monte carlo binary-tree search