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The Memory Orchestra:Contribution of Astrocytes

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第3期39卷 409-424页

作者： Yi-Hua Chen Shi-Yang Jin Jian-ming Yang tian-ming gao State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of EducationGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired IntelligenceGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric DisordersDepartment of NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China

For decades,memory research has centered on the role of neurons,which do not function in isolation.However,astrocytes play important roles in regulating neuronal recruitment and function at the local and network levels,forming the basis for information processing as well as memory formation and storage.In this review,we discuss the role of astrocytes in memory functions and their cellular underpinnings at multiple time points.We summarize important breakthroughs and controversies in the field as well as potential avenues to further illuminate the role of astrocytes in memory processes.

关键词： Astrocytes Learning and memory GPCR Calcium signal Plasticity

Lithium extraction from hard rock lithium ores(spodumene,lepidolite,zinnwaldite,petalite):Technology,resources,environment and cost

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China Geology 2023年第1期6卷 137-153页

作者： tian-ming gao Na Fan Wu Chen Tao Dai MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Research Center for Strategy of Global Mineral Resources Chinese Geological SurveyBeijing 100037China China Huanqiu Contracting&Engineering Corp. LTD Beijing BranchBeijing 100012China SDU Life Cycle Engineering Department of Green TechnologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense 5230Denmark

Lithium production in China mainly depends on hard rock lithium ores,which has a defect in resources,environment,and economy compared with extracting lithium from brine.This paper focuses on the research progress of extracting lithium from spodumene,lepidolite,petalite,and zinnwaldite by acid,alkali,salt roasting,and chlorination methods,and analyzes the resource intensity,environmental impact,and production cost of industrial lithium extraction from spodumene and lepidolite.It is found that the sulfuric acid method has a high lithium recovery rate,but with a complicated process and high energy consumption;alkali and chlorination methods can directly react with lithium ores,reducing energy consumption,but need to optimize reaction conditions and safety of equipment and operation;the salt roasting method has large material flux and high energy consumption,so require adjustment of sulfate ratio to increase the lithium yield and reduce production cost.Compared with extracting lithium from brine,extracting lithium from ores,calcination,roasting,purity,and other processes consume more resources and energy;and its environmental impact mainly comes from the pollutants discharged by fossil energy,9.3-60.4 times that of lithium extracted from brine.The processing cost of lithium extraction from lepidolite by sulfate roasting method is higher than that from spodumene by sulfuric acid due to the consumption of high-value sulfate.However,the production costs of both are mainly affected by the price of lithium ores,which is less competitive than that of extracting lithium from brine.Thus,the process of extracting lithium from ores should develop appropriate technology,shorten the process flow,save resources and energy,and increase the recovery rate of related elements to reduce environmental impact and improve the added value of by-products and the economy of the process.

关键词： Lithium ore Lithium extraction Comprehensive utilization Acid method Alkali method Salt roasting method Chlorination method Mineral exploration engineering

The growth rate of hepatocellular carcinoma is different with different TNM stages at diagnosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第4期20卷 330-336页

作者： tian-ming gao Dou-Sheng Bai Jian-Jun Qian Chi Zhang Sheng-Jie Jin Guo-Qing Jiang Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The Second Clinical CollegeDalian Medical UniversityDalian 116023China

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) progresses fast and has a poor prognosis, but the growth rate in different TNM stages is not clear. The present study was to estimate the growth rate of HCC with different TNM stages at diagnosis. Methods: Baseline demographics and tumor characteristics were analyzed for 10145 patients in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results(SEER) Program-registered HCC. Multiple linear regression models were used for age adjustment with patient race, sex, marital status, and HCC grade. Results: The age at diagnosis was younger in Caucasians and males. The adjusted average age of patients with stage I HCC was 65.26 years. The adjusted age of patients with stage II, IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC was-0.17,-0.25,-0.29, and-0.55 adjusted-year younger compared with patients with stage I HCC(all P < 0.001). The adjusted average age of patients with T1 was 65.26 years. The age adjustment was-0.17,-0.26, and-0.55 respectively(all P < 0.001) for T2, T3 or T4 tumors without distant metastases. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated that the more advanced the HCC stage at diagnosis, the younger the age at diagnosis and the faster the HCC growth from tumor occurrence.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Growth rate TNM stage SEER

Novel neuroprotective targets for stroke treatment

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Novel neuroprotective targets for stroke treatment

内侧杏仁核的神经调节素1信号通路调控青春期社会隔离导致的自闭样行为

2012国际生理学学术大会

作者： tian-ming gao Department of Neurobiology Southern Medical University

The roles of C1C-3 C1 channels in apoptosis induced by paclitaxel in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2Z cells were studied by patch-clamp and molecular techniques,flow cytometry and atomic force microscopy. The anticancer drug paclitaxel activated a C1 current and induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. The current was volume-sensitive,and was inhibited by C1 channel blockers.Paclitaxel treatment increased C1C3 expression significantly.Knockdown of C1C-3 expression by siRNA inhibited paclitaxel-induced CI currents and apoptosis.Reconstructed 3D images showed that C1C-3 accumulated in the cell membrane to form filament-like structures,which were intercrossed like a bird nest.The cell membrane roughness was increased and the membrane flexibility was decreased in the cells treated with paclitaxel,demonstrated by the atomic force microscopy.The results suggest that the C1C-3 C1 channel is a target of the anticancer drug paclitaxel and plays important roles in induction of apotosis in CNE-2Z ceils.

关键词： stroke L-type calcium channel neuregulin-1

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Science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1375-1379页

作者：林连虹吴倩云曾恺陈梓瑜王梓萍李伟民张斌高天明刘吉红 Department of Psychiatry Institute of Brain DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China

Autistic spectrum disorder(ASD),characterized by impairments in social interaction and repetitive behaviors,is a complex neurodevelopmental brain disorder that is reportedly increasing in prevalence globally[1].It is ... 详细信息

关键词：社会隔离 impairment prevalence

High success rate of fiberscope-monitored intubation via a supraglottic airway device BlockBusterTMin good device positioning: A prospective observational study

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第7期137卷 871-873页

作者： Hu Zhenfa Su Kai Miao Huihui gao Xue Xue Fushan tian ming Department of Anesthesiology Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China Beijing Shijitan Hospital Beijing 100038

Airway management is closely related to the safety and quality of anesthesia.In 2015,the Difficult Airway Society suggested that endotracheal intubation should be fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB)-guided and blind intubation should be avoided.The supraglottic airway device (SAD) BlockBuster~(TM) with matched tracheal tube (Block- Buster~(TM) tracheal tube,BTT;Tuoren Medical Instrument Co.,Ltd.,Changyuan,Henan,China) is an improved second-generation SAD with intubation function.The fiberscope-monitored intubation via SAD BlockBusterTM can make the whole process visible.So,we investigated the feasibility,success rate,and complications of the new intubation technique in a well-positioned SAD BlockBuster~(TM) by sequential case observation.

关键词： LMA

Glial control of depressive-like behaviors

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Glial control of depressive-like behaviors

Glial Control of Depressive-like Behaviors

中国神经科学学会第十届全国学术会议

作者： tian-ming gao Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical University

Major depressive disorder(MDD) is a cause of disability that affects approximately 16%of the world’s population;however,little is known regarding the underlying biology of this disorder.Animal studies,postmortem brain analyses and imaging studies of patients with depression have implicated glial dysfunction in MDD pathophysiology.However,the molecular mechanisms through which astrocytes modulate depressive behaviors are largely uncharacterized.Here,we identified adenosine 5’-triphosphate(ATP) as a key factor that is involved in astrocytic modulation of depressive-like behavior in adult mice.We observed deficient ATP levels in the brains of mice that were susceptible to chronic social defeat.Furthermore,we reported that the administration of ATP induced a rapid antidepressant(AD)-like effect in these mice.Bom a lack of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2(Ipr2) and transgenic blockage of vesicular gliotransmission induced deficiencies in astrocytic ATP release,causing depressive-like behaviors that could be rescued via the administration of ATP.Genetically stimulating endogenous ATP release from astrocytes induced AD-like effects in mouse models of depression.Moreover,we found that P2X2receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex mediated the AD-like effects of ATP.These results highlight astrocytic ATP release as a biological mechanism of MDD.

关键词： depression astrocyte ATP P2X2 receptor medial prefrontal cortex

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Glial Control of Depressive-like Behaviors

Effect of Al content in molten steel on interaction between MgO-C refractory and SPHC steel

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： tian-ming gao Institutes of Mental Health Southern Medical University

Objective Major Depression is a common psychiatric disorder that affects over 120 million people worldwide, with a lifetime prevalence of 10% to 15%. Our previous study indicates that deficiency of astrocyte-derived ATP in the medial prefrontal cortex（m PFC） modulates depressive-like behaviors. However, the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Astrocytes release gliotransmitters to modulate synaptic activity, and alterations in excitation/inhibition balance may give rise to psychiatric disorders. Thus, the present study is to explore whether astrocytes modulate depressive-like behaviors through regulating synaptic activity. Methods Chronic social defeat stress was used to establish mouse model of depression. Whole-cell recordings of inhibitory and excitatory synaptic currents were performed in pyramidal neurons in the m PFC. Pharmacological and genetic methods were used to verify the involvement of astrocytederived ATP and receptor subtypes. Retrograde labeling was applied to identify potential neural circuits involved. Results（1） Inhibitory, but not excitatory synaptic activities were impaired in depressed mice due to a presynaptic mechanism.（2） Perfusion of ATP could reverse the alterations of inhibitory synaptic activities in susceptible mice, without affecting excitatory synaptic activities.（3） IP3 R2 knockout mice, in which ATP release in astrocytes was specifically reduced, displayed similar impairments in synaptic transmission as in depressed mice and the reduced GABAergic synaptic activities were also rescued by application of ATP.（4） P2 X2 receptors mediated ATP modulation of GABAergic synaptic transmission.（5） Inhibitory synaptic activities on LHb-projecting pyramidal neurons in the m PFC were significantly decreased. Conclusion Astrocytederived ATP may modulate depressive-like behaviors through GABAergic inhibition in the mPFC.

关键词： Astrocytes medial prefrontal cortex major depression whole-cell recording synaptic transmission

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第4期31卷 838-848页

作者： Fu-bin gao Fu-ming Wang Xiang Zhang tian-yu Du Xin-hua Wangg School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Handan Iron and Steel Company Hegang GroupHandan 056015HebeiChina The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

The effect of Al content in molten steel on the interaction between SPHC steel(0.005-0.068 wt.%Al,and 19×10^(-4)-58×10^(-4)wt.%O)and MgO-C refractory(11.63 wt.%C)was investigated.Non-metallic inclusions in the steel were examined at various periods(0,5,15,30,45,and 60 min)as well as the MgO-C interface after 60 min of corrosion at 1600℃.The results show that when MgO-C refractory comes into contact with SPHC steel,the refractory interface consists of three layers arranged from the innermost to the outermost,including the original refractory layer,the dense MgO layer,and the iron infiltration layer.The carbon in the MgO-C refractories and the Al content in the molten steel undergo a reaction with the MgO in the refractories,resulting in an increase in Mg concentration in the steel.Increasing Al content in the molten steel from 0.005 to 0.068 wt.%causes a spinel layer to appear at the interface,and the disappearance time of Al_(2)O_(3) inclusions in the steel decreases from 60 to 30 min,while the average MgO content in inclusions increases.Therefore,controlling the Al content in the molten steel and the smelting duration can help regulate the formation of spinel inclusionsinthe steel.

关键词： MgO-C refractory SPHC steel Inclusion-Spinel Al-killed steel Interfacial reaction