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Hypothermia selectively protects the anterior forebrain mesocircuit during global cerebral ischemia

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1512-1517页

作者： Xiao-Hua wang Wei Jiang Si-Yuan Zhang Bin-Bin Nie Yi Zheng Feng Yan Jian-Feng Lei tian-long wang Department of Anesthesiology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders BeijingChina Department of Anesthesiology Third Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army General HospitalBeijingChina Daxing Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University BeijingChina Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Neuroprotection Research Laboratory Departments of Radiology and NeurologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA Cerebrovascular Research Center Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Hypothermia is an important protective strategy against global cerebral ischemia following cardiac arrest.However,the mechanisms of hypothermia underlying the changes in different regions and connections of the brain have not been fully elucidated.This study aims to identify the metabolic nodes and connection integrity of specific brain regions in rats with global cerebral ischemia that are most affected by hypothermia treatment.18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography was used to quantitatively determine glucose metabolism in different brain regions in a rat model of global cerebral ischemia established at 31–33℃.Diffusion tensor imaging was also used to reconstruct and explore the brain connections involved.The results showed that,compared with the model rats established at 37–37.5℃,the rat models of global cerebral ischemia established at 31–33℃had smaller hypometabolic regions in the thalamus and primary sensory areas and sustained no obvious thalamic injury.Hypothermia selectively preserved the integrity of the anterior forebrain mesocircuit,exhibiting protective effects on the brain during the global cerebral ischemia.The study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Capital Medical University(approval No.XW-AD318-97-019)on December 15,2019.

关键词： anterior forebrain mesocircuit cardiac arrest corpus callosum global cerebral ischemia hypometabolic areas hypothermia magnetic resonance imaging positron emission tomography prefrontal cortex rats thalamus

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MicroRNAs of microglia： wrestling with central nervous system disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2067-2072页

作者： Xiao-Hua wang tian-long wang Department of Anesthesiology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China Institute of Geriatrics Beijing China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Beijing China

Microglia serve as brain-resident myeloid cells that affect cerebral development, ischemia, neurodegeneration, and neuro-viral infection. MicroRNAs play a key role in central nervous system disease through post-transcriptional regulation. Indeed, evidence shows that microRNAs are one of the most important regulators mediating microglial activation, polarization, and autophagy, and subsequently affecting neuroinflammation and the outcome of central nervous system disease. In this review, we provide insight into the function of microRNAs, which may be an attractive strategy and influential treatment for microglia-related central nervous system dysfunction. Moreover, we comprehensively describe how microglia fight against central nervous system disease via multiple functional microRNAs.

关键词： microglia neurodegeneration central nervous system disease microRNAs activation polarization autophagy neural regeneration

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An overview of Chinese multidisciplinary expert consensus on perioperative brain health in elderly patients

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第1期134卷 5-7页

作者： Min Li tian-long wang Dong-Xin wang Department of Anesthesiology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Anesthesiology and Operating Theater Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

Goals for Developing This Consensus The rapidly aging populations in China pose serious challenges for anesthesiologists.Comorbidity and functional decline in elderly patients escalate the risks of cerebral complications which might lead to long-term morbidity and overall reduced quality of life after surgery.[1,2]Therefore,it is imperative to implement perioperative brain protection strategies for geriatric patients.

关键词： patients surgery cerebral

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Geriatric Anesthesia-related Morbidity and Mortality in China： Current Status and Trend

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第22期130卷 2738-2749页

作者： Yang Liu Wei Xiao Ling-Zhong Meng tian-long wang Department of Anesthesiology and Operating Theatre Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Department of Anesthesiology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT 06520 USA

Objective： The population of elderly patients and the amount of geriatric anesthesia have been growing rapidly in China. Thus, understanding the morbidity and mortality associated with geriatric anesthesia in China is critical to the improvement of anesthesia quality and outcome. The aim of the review was to discuss the geriatric anesthesia-related morbidity and mortality in China, as well as to point out the future trend. Data Sources： Articles in this review were all searched from Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）, VIP, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, based on the reports originated in China from January 2011 to December 2016. Study Selection： A total of 57 studies were selected for further study, including 12 retrospective studies, 35 prospective studies, 3 meta-analyses, 4 reviews, 1 viewpoint, and 2 case reports. Of the total studies, 42 studies were in Chinese while 15 were in English. Results： The mortality and morbidity associated with geriatric anesthesia in China are not yet completely reported. Some factors have been recognized, while some are yet to be identified and confirmed. Several studies addressed postoperative cognitive dysfunction and postoperative delirium, whereas only a few studies can be found on renal complications. Thus, a nationwide registry is essential for geriatric anesthesia-associated adverse outcomes. The mortality associated with geriatric anesthesia in China should be reported promptly. In the future, the perspective of geriatric anesthesia needs to be expanded into perioperative geriatric medicine to improve the perioperative management strategy based on the postoperative outcome-directed concept transformation. Conclusions： Anesthesiologists should evaluate the physiological and medical status and focus on the prevention of potential complications in the perioperative setting with the goal to enhance elderly patients＇ long-term well-being and survival quality.

关键词： Anesthesia China Geriatric Morbidity Mortality

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Goal-directed Fluid Therapy May Improve Hemodynamic Stability of Parturient with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Under Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery and the Well-being of Newborns

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第14期128卷 1922-1931页

作者： Wei Xiao Qing-Fang Duan Wen-Ya Fu Xin-Zuo Chi Feng-Ying wang Da-Qing Ma tian-long wang Lei Zhao Department of Anesthesiology Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Department of Surgery and Cancer Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Imperial College London United Kingdom

Background： Hypotension induced by combined spinal epidural anesthesia in parturient with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy （HDP） can easily compromise blood supply to vital organs including uteroplacental perfusion and result in fetal distress. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the goal-directed fluid therapy （GDFT） with LiDCOrapid system can improve well-being of both HDP parturient and their babies. Methods： Fifty-two stable HDP parturient scheduled for elective cesarean delivery were recruited. After loading with 10 ml/kg lactated Ringer＇s solution （LR）, parturient were randomized to the GDFT and control group. In the GDFT group, individualized fluid therapy was guided by increase in stroke volume （ASV） provided via LiDCO rapid system. The control group received the routine fluid therapy. The primary endpoints included maternal hypotension and the doses of vasopressors administered prior to fetal delivery. The secondary endpoints included umbilical blood gas abnormalities and neonatal adverse events. Results： The severity of HDP was similar between two groups. The total LR infusion （P 〈 0.01） and urine output （P 〈 0.05） were higher in the GDFT group than in the control group. Following twice fluid challenge tests, the systolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, cardiac output and SV in the GDFT group were significantly higher, and the heart rate was lower than in the control group. The incidence of maternal hypotension and doses of phenylephrine used prior to fetal delivery were significantly higher in the control group than in the GDFT group （P 〈 0.01）. There were no differences in the Apgar scores between two groups. In the control group, the mean values of pH in umbilical artery/vein were remarkably decreased （P 〈 0.05）, and the incidences of neonatal hypercapnia and hypoxemia were statistically increased （P 〈 0.05） than in the GDFT group. Conclusions： Dynamic responsiveness guided fluid therapy with the LiDCOrapid system may provide potential benefits to stable HDP parturient and th

关键词： Cesarean Delivery Fluid Therapy Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy LiDCOrapid System Parturient

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MicroRNA expression in the hippocampal CA1 region under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第11期14卷 2003-2010页

作者： Xiao-Hua wang Dong-Xu Yao Xiu-Shu Luan Yu wang Hai-Xia Liu Bei Liu Yang Liu Lei Zhao Xun-Ming Ji tian-long wang Department of Anesthesiology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Institute of Geriatrics BeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders BeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Cerebrovascular Research Center Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, thoracic aorta diseases and complex heart diseases can be subjected to corrective procedures. However, mechanisms underlying brain protection during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest are unclear. After piglet models underwent 60 minutes of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest at 14°C, expression of microRNAs(miRNAs) was analyzed in the hippocampus by microarray. Subsequently, TargetScan 6.2, RNA22 v2.0, miRWalk 2.0, and miRanda were used to predict potential targets, and gene ontology enrichment analysis was carried out to identify functional pathways involved. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was conducted to verify miRNA changes. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest altered the expression of 35 miRNAs. Twenty-two miRNAs were significantly downregulated and thirteen miRNAs were significantly upregulated in the hippocampus after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Six out of eight targets among the differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched for neuronal projection(cyclin dependent kinase, CDK16 and SLC1 A2), central nervous system development(FOXO3, TYRO3, and SLC1 A2), ion transmembrane transporter activity(ATP2 B2 and SLC1 A2), and interleukin-6 receptor binding(IL6 R)– these are the key functional pathways involved in cerebral protection during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction confirmed the results of microarray analysis. Our experimental results illustrate a new role for transcriptional regulation in deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, and provide significant insight for the development of miRNAs to treat brain injuries. All procedures were approved by the Animal Care Committee of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China on March 1, 2017(approval No. XW-INI-AD2017-0112).

关键词： nerve regeneration cerebral protection deep hypothermic circulatory arrest gene ontology enrichment analysis microRNA hippocampus post-transcriptional expression microarray bioinformatics neural regeneration

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Influence of three different anesthesia protocols on aged rat brain:a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第3期134卷 344-352页

作者： Yang Liu Hui-Qun Fu Yan Wu Zun-Shu Du Bo-Ran Li Xin Gao Guan-Wen Lin Shu-Yi Yang tian-long wang Department of Anesthesiology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Department of Anatomy Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Background:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)is a promising method for the study of brain function.Typically,rs-fMRI is performed on anesthetized animals.Although different functional connectivity(FC)in various anesthetics on whole brain have been studied,few studies have focused on different FC in the aged brain.Here,we measured FC under three commonly used anesthesia methods and analyzed data to determine if the FC in whole brain analysis were similar among groups.Methods:Twenty-four male aged Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups(n=8 in each group).Anesthesia was performed under either isoflurane(ISO),combined ISO+dexmedetomidine(DEX)orα-chloralose(AC)according to the groups.Data of rs-fMRI was analyzed by FC in a voxel-wise way.Differences in the FC maps between the groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance andpost hoc two-samplet tests.Results:Compared with ISO+DEX anesthesia,ISO anesthesia caused increased FC in posterior brain and decreased FC in the middle brain of the aged rat.AC anesthesia caused global suppression as no increase in FC was observed.Conclusion:ISO could be used as a substitute for ISO+DEX in rat default mode network studies if the left temporal association cortex is not considered important.

关键词： Anesthetics Aged Rat Functional connectivity Magnetic resonance imaging

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Learning the imaging mechanism directly from optical microscopy observations

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 7-26页

作者： ZE-HAO wang long-KUN SHAN TONG-tian WENG tian-long CHEN XIANG-DONG CHEN ZHANG-YANG wang GUANG-CAN GUO FANG-WEN SUN CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China University of Texas at Austin AustinTexas 78705USA Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

The optical microscopy image plays an important role in scientific research through the direct visualization of the nanoworld,where the imaging mechanism is described as the convolution of the point spread function(PSF)and emitters.Based on a priori knowledge of the PSF or equivalent PSF,it is possible to achieve more precise exploration of the nanoworld.However,it is an outstanding challenge to directly extract the PSF from microscopy images.Here,with the help of self-supervised learning,we propose a physics-informed masked autoencoder(PiMAE)that enables a learnable estimation of the PSF and emitters directly from the raw microscopy images.We demonstrate our method in synthetic data and real-world experiments with significant accuracy and noise robustness.PiMAE outperforms DeepSTORM and the Richardson–Lucy algorithm in synthetic data tasks with an average improvement of 19.6%and 50.7%(35 tasks),respectively,as measured by the normalized root mean square error(NRMSE)metric.This is achieved without prior knowledge of the PSF,in contrast to the supervised approach used by DeepSTORM and the known PSF assumption in the Richardson–Lucy algorithm.Our method,PiMAE,provides a feasible scheme for achieving the hidden imaging mechanism in optical microscopy and has the potential to learn hidden mechanisms in many more systems.

关键词： optical emitter mechanism

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Genetically modified pigs:Emerging animal models for hereditary hearing loss

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 284-291页

作者： Xiao wang tian-Xia Liu Ying Zhang Liang-Wei Xu Shuo-long Yuan A-long Cui Wei-Wei Guo Yan-Fang wang Shi-Ming Yang Jian-Guo Zhao State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230022China State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China

Hereditary hearing loss(HHL),a genetic disorder that impairs auditory function,significantly affects quality of life and incurs substantial economic losses for society.To investigate the underlying causes of HHL and evaluate therapeutic outcomes,appropriate animal models are necessary.Pigs have been extensively used as valuable large animal models in biomedical research.In this review,we highlight the advantages of pig models in terms of ear anatomy,inner ear morphology,and electrophysiological characteristics,as well as recent advancements in the development of distinct genetically modified porcine models of hearing loss.Additionally,we discuss the prospects,challenges,and recommendations regarding the use pig models in HHL research.Overall,this review provides insights and perspectives for future studies on HHL using porcine models.

关键词： Pigs Animal models Hereditary hearing loss Genetic modification Inner ear

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Essential oils improve nursery pigs' performance and appetite via modulation of intestinal health and microbiota

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 174-188页

作者： Bi-Chen Zhao tian-Hao wang Jian Chen Bai-Hao Qiu Ya-Ru Xu Jin-long Li College of Veterinary Medicine Northeast Agricultural University Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine Northeast Agricultural University Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment Northeast Agricultural University

Optimal intestinal health and functionality are essential for animal health and performance,and simultaneously intestinal nutrient transporters and intestinal peptides are also involved in appetite and feed intake control mechanisms.Given the potential of essential oil (EO) in improving animal performance and improving feed palatability,we hypothesized that dietary supplementation of cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol could improve performance and appetite of nursery pigs by modulating intestinal health and microbiota.Cinnamaldehyde (100 mg/kg),carvacrol (100 mg/kg),and their mixtures(including 50 mg/kg cinnamaldehyde and 50 mg/kg carvacrol) were supplemented into the diets of 240 nursery pigs for 42 d,and data related to performance were measured.Thereafter,the influence of EO on intestinal health,appetite and gut microbiota and their correlations were explored.EO supplementation increased (P<0.05) the body weight,average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of piglets,and reduced (P<0.05) diarrhea rates in nursery pigs.Furthermore,EO increased (P<0.05) the intestinal absorption area and the abundance of tight junction proteins,and decreased (P<0.05) intestinal permeability and local inflammation.In terms of intestinal development and the mucus barrier,EO promoted intestinal development and increased (P<0.05) the number of goblet cells.Additionally,we found that piglets in the EO-supplemented group had upregulated (P<0.05) levels of transporters and digestive enzymes in the intestine,which were significantly associated with daily gain and feed utilization.In addition,EO supplementation somewhat improved appetite in nursery pigs,increased the diversity of the gut microbiome and the abundance of beneficial bacteria,and there was a correlation between altered bacterial structure and appetite-related hormones.These findings indicate that EO is effective in promoting growth performance and nutrient absorption as well as in regulating appetite by improving intestinal health and bacterial structure.

关键词： Nursery pig Essential oil Intestinal health Appetite Microbiota

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