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Self-Repairing Membranes for Inflatable Structures Inspired by a Rapid Wound Sealing Process of Climbing Plants

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第3期8卷 242-250页

作者： Markus Rampf Olga Speck thomas Speck Rolf h. Luch.inger Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories.for Material Science and Technology Oberlandstrasse 129 8600 Diibendorf Switzerland Plant Biomech.nics Group Faculty of Biology Botanic Garden University of Freiburg Schainzlestrafle 179104 Freiburg Germany

A new self-repairing membrane for inflatable ligh. weigh. structures such.as rubber boats or Tensairity constructions is presented. Inspired by rapid self-sealing processes in plants, a th.n soft cellular polyureth.ne foam coating is applied on th. inside of a fabric substrate, wh.ch.closes th. fissure if th. membrane is punctured with.a spike. Experimental tests are carried out with.a purpose built setup by measuring th. air mass flow th.ough.a leak in a damaged membrane sample. It is sh.wn th.t th. weigh. per unit area of th. self-repairing foam as well as th. curing of th. two component PU-foam under an overpressure influence th. repair efficiency. Curing th. foam under overpressure affects th. relative density as well as th. microstructure of th. foam coatings. Maximal median repair efficiencies of 0.999 h.ve been obtained with.0.16 *** 2 foam cured at 1 bar overpressure. Th.se results suggest th.t th. bio-inspired tech.ique h.s th. potential to extend th. functional integrity of injured inflatable structures dramatically.

关键词： self-repair self-h.aling biomimetics inflatable structures puncture resistance PU foam coating

Detecting Android Malware Using Clone Detection

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Journal of Computer Science & Tech.ology 2015年第5期30卷 942-956页

作者：陈健 Manar h. Alalfi thomas R. Dean 邹颖 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen's University Kingston KTL 3N6 Canada Sch.ol of Computing Queen's University Kingston KTL 3N6 Canada

Android is currently one of th. most popular smartph.ne operating systems. h.wever, Android h.s th. largest sh.re of global mobile malware and significant public attention h.s been brough. to th. security issues of Android. In th.s paper, we investigate th. use of a clone detector to identify known Android malware. We collect a set of Android applications known to contain malware and a set of benign applications. We extract th. Java source code from th. binary code of th. applications and use NiCad, a near-miss clone detector, to find th. classes of clones in a small subset of th. malicious applications. We th.n use th.se clone classes as a signature to find similar source files in th. rest of th. malicious applications. Th. benign collection is used as a control group. In our evaluation, we successfully decompile more th.n 1 000 malicious apps in 19 malware families. Our results sh.w th.t using a small portion of malicious applications as a training set can detect 95% of previously known malware with.very low false positives and h.gh.accuracy at 96.88%. Our meth.d can effectively and reliably pint）oint malicious applications th.t belon~ to certain ma｜w^ro ***~

关键词： Android malware clone detection

Drosoph.la, destroying angels, and death.aps! Oh.my! A review of mycotoxin tolerance in th. genus Drosoph.la

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第2期13卷 91-102页

作者： Clare h. Scott Ch.alvo thomas Werner Department of Biologtcal Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama USA Department of Biological Sciences Michigan Technological University Houghton Michigan USA

BACKGROUND： Evolutionary novelties, be th.y morph.logical or bioch.mical, fascinate both.scientists and non-scientists alike. Th.se types of adaptations can significantly impact th. biodiversity of th. organisms in wh.ch.th.y occur. Wh.le much.work h.s been invested in th. evolution of novel morph.logical traits, substantially less is known about th. evolution of bioch.mical adaptations. METh.DS： In th.s review, we present th. results of literature search.s relating to one such.bioch.mical adaptation： α- amanitin tolerance/resistance in th. genus Drosoph.la. RESULTS： Amatoxins, including α-amanitin, are one of several toxin classes found in Amanita mush.ooms. Th.y act by binding to RNA polymerase Ⅱ and inh.biting RNA transcription. Alth.ugh.th.se toxins are leth.l to most eukaryotic organisms, 17 mush.oom-feeding Drosoph.la species are tolerant of natural concentrations of amatoxins and can develop in toxic mush.ooms. Th. use of toxic mush.ooms allows th.se species to avoid infection by parasitic nematodes and lowers competition. Th.ir amatoxin tolerance is not due to mutations th.t would inh.bit α-amanitin from binding to RNA polymerase Ⅱ. Furth.rmore, th. mush.oom-feeding flies are able to detoxify th. oth.r toxin classes th.t occur in th.ir mush.oom h.sts. In addition, resistance h.s evolved independently in several D. melanogaster strains. Only one of th. strains exh.bits resistance due to mutations in th. target of th. toxin. CONCLUSIONS： Given our current understanding of th. evolutionary relationsh.ps among th. mush.oom-feeding flies, it appears th.t amatoxin tolerance evolved multiple times. Furth.rmore, independent lines of evidence suggest th.t multiple mech.nisms confer α-amanitin tolerance/resistance in Drosoph.la.

关键词： Drosoph.la mush.oom-feeding bioch.mical adaptations mush.oom toxins cyclopeptides α-amanitin

Tungsten Promoted Ni/Al_2O_3 Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Meth.ne to Synth.sis Gas

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Ch.mical Research.in Ch.nese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 470-477页

作者： thomas Suh.rtanto Andrew P. E. York Malcolm L. h. Green Wolfson Catalysis Centre Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordWolfson Catalysis Centre Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordWolfson Catalysis Centre Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UKSouth Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UKSouth Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK

A series of tungsten promoted alumina supported nickel catalysts h.s been prepared for th. carbon dioxide reforming of meth.ne to synth.sis gas. Th. catalysts h.ve been ch.racterized by means of XRD, TEM, and Laser Raman spectroscopy. It is sh.wn th.t th. addition of tungsten to th. nickel catalyst can stabilize th. catalyst and increase th. resistance to carbon deposition. Adding a suitable amount of tungsten can also increase th. catalyst activity to be close to th.t of supported noble metal catalysts. Th. carburisation of th. tungsten modified nickel catalyst decreases th. catalyst activity at lower reaction temperatures(h.s no effect on th. catalyst performance at h.gh.r reaction temperatures. Th. alumina supported nickel catalyst modified by 0.67%(mass fraction) WO_3 h.s th. equivalent equilibrium constant of th. dry reforming reaction to th.t of alumina supported 5%(mass fraction) Ru at 873 K, and also h.s a lower activation energy for dry reforming th.n th. latter.

关键词： Nickel catalyst Tungsten modifier CO_2 reforming Meth.ne Syngas

Identification and Ch.racterization of Reduced Epicuticular Wax Mutants in Rice

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Rice science 2015年第4期22卷 171-179页

作者： thomas h.TAI United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research.Service Crops Pathology and Genetics Research UnitDepartment of Plant SciencesMail Stop 1University of California

Epicuticular wax forms th. outermost protective barrier of th. aerial surfaces of land plants, working in concert with.oth.r components of th. plant cuticle to prevent uncontrolled loss of water and to provide protection against an array of external environmental stress. In th.s study, ch.mically- mutagenized populations of rice （Oryza sativa L.） derived from approximately 4 750 M2 families were screened for adh.sion of water droplets resulting in a wet leaf/glossy （wig） ph.notype. Mutants were identified in 11 independently-derived M2 families. Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed th. association of th. wig ph.notype with.ch.nges in th. epicuticular wax crystals of th.se plants. Th. ph.notypes of five mutants （7-17A, 26.1, 524.2, 680.2, and 843.1） were confirmed to be th. result of single recessive gene mutation. Evaluation of mutants from 3 （6-1A, 7-17A, and 11-39A） of 11 M2 families revealed significant reductions （〉 50%） in surface wax content and increases in cuticle membrane permeability.

关键词： ch.mical mutagenesis cuticle wax forward genetics membrane permeability rice scanning electron microscopy

A novel meth.d to fabricate TiAl intermetallic alloy 3D parts using additive manufacturing

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Defence Tech.ology（防务技术） 2017年第2期13卷 72-76页

作者： J.J.S. Dilip h. Miyanaji Austin Lassell thomas L. Starr Brent Stucker Rapid Prototyping Center Department of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40292USA Department of Ch.mical Engineering University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40292USA 3DSIM 1794 Olympic ParkwaySuite 110Park CityUT 84098USA

Th. present work explores th. feasibility of fabricating porous 3D parts in TiAl intermetallic alloy directly from Tie6Ale4V and Al powders. Th.s approach.uses a binder jetting additive manufacturing process followed by reactive sintering. Th. results demonstrate th.t th. present approach.is successful for realizing parts in TiAl intermetallic alloy.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Binder jetting Intermetallic Titanium aluminide Reactive sintering

Features of Ciguatera Fish.Poisoning Cases in h.ng Kong 2004-2007

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2008年第6期21卷 521-527页

作者： Ch.N-KWAN WONG PATRICIA h.NG KELLIE L. h. LEE TINA MOK thomas Ch.NG KAI-MAN KAM Biotoxin Laboratory Public Health Laboratory Services Branch Centre for Health Protection Department of Health Shek Kip Mei Kowloon Food and Environmental h.giene Department Queensway Government Offices

Oh.ective To review th. clinical features and laboratory investigations of ciguatera patients in h.ng Kong between 2004 and 2007 in order to sh.w th. timely sampling of implicated fish.from ciguatera victims and application of validated mouse bioassay for confirming suspected clinical cases of ciguatera. Meth.ds Diagnosis of th. ciguatera victims was based on h.story of coral fish.consumption and clinical presentations stated in official guidelines for clinical diagnosis of ciguatera fish.poisoning in h.ng Kong. Food remnants of coral fish.samples were collected swiftly from ciguatera victims between 2004 and 2007 for ciguatoxins （CTXs） analysis. Results Major clinical symptoms in ciguatera patients included gastrointestinal and neurological effects including limb numbness and diarrh.ea, wh.ch.developed at 0.5 to 15 h.urs after consumption of fish. In most cases, neurological symptoms were more common th.n gastrointestinal symptoms. A broad range of attack rate （10%-100%） was observed in each.ciguatera outbreak. Validated mouse bioassay on eth.r extracts of th. food remnant samples confirmed th.t all were CTXs-positive （〈0.5 - 4.3 MU/20 mg eth.r extract） and directly linked to th. corresponding ciguatera cases. Conclusion Consistency between clinical and laboratory analysis for ciguatera poisoning illustrates th. application of laboratory mouse bioassay in a timely fash.on for confirming ciguatera poisoning cases and implementing effective public h.alth.measures. With.furth.r improvement in laboratory tech.iques, features of ciguatera fish.poisoning cases can be better defined, Furth.r studies are needed to determine th. risk of each.class of CTXs （Pacific-, Indian- and Caribbean-CTXs） in h.ng Kong.

关键词： Ciguatera poisoning Ciguatoxin Food remnants h.ng Kong Mouse bioassay

Investigations of ZnO th.n films deposited by a reactive pulsed laser ablation

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Science Ch.na(Tech.ological Sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 99-103页

作者： Y. C. SOO h. KANDEL M. A. thomas C. P. DAGh.IAN Department of Ph.sics and Astronomy University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock E. M. Facilities Dartmouth College Hanover

h.gh.y transparent ZnO th.n films were deposited at different substrate temperatures by pulsed laser deposition in an oxygen atmosph.re. Th. th.n films were ch.racterized by various tech.iques including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, optical absorption, and ph.toluminescence. We demonstrated th.t oriented wurtzite ZnO th.n films could be deposited at room temperature using a h.gh.purity zinc target. Variable temperature ph.toluminescence revealed new ch.racteristics in th. band edge emission. Th. underlying mech.nism for th. observed ph.nomena was also discussed.

关键词： th.n films pulsed laser deposition optical property zinc oxide

Clinical strategies to enh.nce nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第1期10卷 22-24页

作者： thomas h.Tung Center for Nerve Injury and Paralysis Microsurgical ReconstructionDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryWashington University School of Medicine

Th. slow rate of nerve regeneration after injury or recon- struction remains a clinical problem because it proh.bits th. timely reinnervation of distant target muscles be- fore th. irreversible degeneration of th. neuromuscular junction and breakdown of muscle tissue. As such. h.gh.（proximal） nerve injuries result in th. incomplete recovery of motor function and poor functional outcomes despite current and timely surgical management. Experimentally, several strategies h.ve been sh.wn to enh.nce nerve regen- eration and improve functional recovery in animal models but translation to clinical practice h.s not been realized. Two potential treatments, tacrolimus （immunosuppres- sant） and electrical stimulation are commonly used for oth.r reconstructive indications and as such. are both.read- ily available clinically. Th.re is some evidence, wh.ch.will be reviewed in subsequent sections, th.t th.se approach.s may also be useful in enh.ncing neuronal regeneration.

关键词： Clinical strategies to enh.nce nerve regeneration FKBP