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Effect of inoculum size and antibiotics on bacterial traveling bands in a thin microchannel defined by optical adhesive

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第5期7卷 41-59页

作者： Yang Liu thomas Lehnert martin A.M.Gijs Laboratory of Microsystems Ecole Polytechnique Federale de LausanneCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland

Phenotypic diversity in bacterial flagella-induced motility leads to complex collective swimming patterns,appearing as traveling bands with transient locally enhanced cell *** bands are known to be a bacterial chemotactic response to self-generated nutrient gradients during growth in resource-limited *** this work,we studied different parameters of Escherichia coli(***)collective migration,in particular the quantity of bacteria introduced initially in a microfluidic chip(inoculum size)and their exposure to antibiotics(ampicillin,ciprofloxacin,and gentamicin).We developed a hybrid polymer-glass chip with an intermediate optical adhesive layer featuring the microfluidic channel,enabling high-content imaging of the migration dynamics in a single bacterial layer,*** bacteria are confined in a quasi-2D space that is fully observable with a high-magnification microscope ***-chip bacterial motility and traveling band analysis was performed based on individual bacterial trajectories by means of custom-developed *** of swimming speed,tumble bias and effective diffusion properties allowed the assessment of phenotypic heterogeneity,resulting in variations in transient cell density distributions and swimming *** found that incubation of isogeneic£coli with different inoculum sizes eventually generated different swimming phenotype ***,incubation with antimicrobials promoted bacterial chemotaxis in specific cases,despite growth ***,*** filamentation in the presence of antibiotics was assessed,and the impact on motility was *** propose that the observation of traveling bands can be explored as an alternative for fast antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

关键词： traveling collective transient

Avoiding hepatic metastasis naturally: Lessons from the cotton top tamarin(Saguinus oedipus )

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第24期22卷 5479-5494页

作者： martin Tobi Peter thomas Daniel Ezekwudo Department of Surgery Aleda E. Lutz VAMC Internal Medicine Disciplines Central Michigan University College of Medicine Department of Surgery Creighton University School of Medicine

Much has been written about hepatic metastasis and animal models abound. In terms of the human experience, progress in treating this final common pathway, a terminal event of many human malignancies has been relatively slow. The current thinking is that primary prevention is best served by early detection of cancer and eradication of early stage cancers by screening. Some cancers spread early in their course and the role of screening may be limited. Until relatively recently there has not been a pathfinder model that makes the evasion of this unfortunate event a reality. This review discusses such an animal model and attempts to relate it to human disease in terms of intervention. Concrete proposals are also offered on how scientists may be able to intervene to prevent this deadly progression of the cancer process.

关键词： Cotton top tamarin Hepatic metastasis Carcinoembryonic antigen Fibulin-5 Common marmoset

Role of the adipocyte immune brain axis in Parkinson's disease:friend or foe?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2399-2400页

作者： martin Regensburger thomas M.Kinfe Division of Molecular Neurology Friedrich Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)ErlangenGermany Center for Rare Diseases Erlangen(ZSEER) University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)ErlangenGermany Division of Functional Neurosurgery and Stereotaxy Friedrich-Alexander University(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

The classical role of adipocytokines is a negative feedback mechanism,providing information about bodily energy reserves to the brain,and thus controlling satiety and food intake (Campfield et al.,1995).Adipose tissue forms the largest endocrine organ of the *** the initial description of leptin and its receptor,LEPR/OBR,with its main active isoform OBRb,there was an initial hope for a drugable pathway to counteract the increasing burden of overweight/adiposity,metabolic syndrome,and related disorders (Figure1).

关键词： intake Figure

Laser-Welded Steel Foils with Sapphire Substrates

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2016年第7期29卷 683-688页

作者： Araceli de Pablos-martin Christian Grosse Andreas Cismak thomas Hoche Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS Walter-Htilse-Strage 1 06120 HalleGermany

A nanosecond pulsed laser was used to weld stainless steel foils of 10 ~tm thickness to the sapphire substrates. The microstructure of the bonded interface was studied. Both materials were partially ablated under the influence of the laser beam. An inhomogeneous distribution of the steel and sapphire along the bonded interface is observed. The electrical resistance of the steel foil was measured before and after laser welding, showing that the weld slightly increases the electrical resistance but still keeps the values acceptable for electrical contacts.

关键词： Laser welding Stainless steel Sapphire Electrical resistance

Mg-based materials for hydrogen storage

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第6期9卷 1837-1860页

作者： Yuanyuan Shang Claudio Pistidda Gökhan Gizer thomas Klassen martin Dornheim Department of Materials Design Institute of Hydrogen TechnologyHelmholtz-Zentrum hereon GmbHMax-Planck-Straße 121502GeesthachtGermany Department of Mechanical Engineering Helmut-Schmidt-UniversityHolstenhofweg 8522043HamburgGermany

Over the last decade’s magnesium and magnesium based compounds have been intensively investigated as potential hydrogen storage as well as thermal energy storage materials due to their abundance and availability as well as their extraordinary high gravimetric and volumetric storage *** review work provides a broad overview of the most appealing systems and of their hydrogenation/dehydrogenation *** emphasis is placed on reviewing the efforts made by the scientific community in improving the material’s thermodynamic and kinetic properties while maintaining a high hydrogen storage capacity.

关键词： Hydrogen storage materials Magnesium-based hydrides Metal hydrides Nanostructures Catalysts Hydrogenation and dehydrogenation Kinetics Thermodynamics Activation energy

Chapter model systems in heterogeneous catalysis at the atomic level: a personal view

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第4期63卷 426-447页

作者： Hans-Joachim Freund Markus Heyde Helmut Kuhlenbeck Niklas Nilius thomas Risse thomas Schmidt Shamil Shaikhutdinov martin Sterrer Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6Berlin D-14195Germany Fakultat V-Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Carl von Ossietzky Universitat OldenburgGermany Institut fur Chemie und Biochemie Freie UniversitatBerlinGermany Institute of Physics University of GrazGrazAustria

The review presents an overview of studies in the surface science of oxide and related surfaces with an emphasis of the studies performed in the authors’ group. Novel instruments and technique developments, as well as their applications are reported, in an attempt to cover studies on model systems of increasing complexity, including some of the key ingredients of an industrially applied heterogeneous catalyst and its fabrication. The review is intended to demonstrate the power of model studies in understanding heterogeneous catalysis at the atomic level. The studies include those on supported nano-particles, both, prepared in vacuum and from solution, interaction of surfaces and the underlying bulk with molecules from the gas phase, strong metal support interaction, as well as the first attempt to include studies on reactions in confined spaces.

关键词： model catalysts oxide surfaces structure and spectroscopy supported nanoparticles reactions in the confined space

The choline pathway as a strategy to promote central nervous system(CNS) remyelination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第9期10卷 1369-1370页

作者： thomas Skripuletz Ralf A.Linker martin Stangel Department of Neurology Hannover Medical School Department of Neurology University Hospital Erlangen Center for Systems Neuroscience

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic companied by demyelination inflammatory disease that is ac- and axonal damage resulting in neurological deficits. Remyelination is the natural endogenous repair mechanism of demyelinated axons and it is supposed to protect axons/neurons from degeneration and thus the patient from progressive disability （Franklin and Ffrench-Constant, 2008）. Current therapeutics for patients with multiple sclerosis are to some extent very effective in inhibiting neuroinflamma- tion and demyelination. However, to date there are no substanc- es available that can enhance remyelination. Remyelination is the result of recruitment/proliferation of new oligodendrocyte precursor cells （OPC） and differentiation into mature myelin producing oligodendrocytes （Franklin and Ffrench-Constant, 2008）. These processes are supported by many factors and signals and failure at any stage might lead to repair failure. Strategies to enhance myelin repair are either the promotion of endogenous repair mechanisms via modulation of OPC prolif- eration and oligodendrocyte differentiation or the transplantion of myelinating cells into lesions. Due to the multiloculated pro- cess in multiple sclerosis and the ethical problems with the cell source, the latter is less favoured. The endogenous promotion of remvelination could be achieved by several approaches such as：

关键词： CDP remyelination The choline pathway as a strategy to promote central nervous system OPC CNS

Mesenchymal stem cells require the peripheral immune system for immunomodulating effects in animal models of multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第1期11卷 90-91页

作者： Laura Salinas Tejedor thomas Skripuletz martin Stangel Viktoria Gudi Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry Department of NeurologyHannover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany Center for Systems Neuroscience HannoverGermany

Multiple sclerosis（MS）is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system（CNS）that affects oligodendrocytes and *** of myelin leads to progressive axonal damage and neuronal death resulting in neuroden... 详细信息

关键词： disability migrate myelin axonal neuronal neurological progressive affects interleukin amyotrophic

Shift current photovoltaic efficiency of 2D materials

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1991-1999页

作者： Mikkel Ohm Sauer Alireza Taghizadeh Urko Petralanda.martin Ovesen Kristian Sommer Thygesen thomas Olsen Horia Cornean thomas Garm Pedersen Department of Materials and Production Aalborg University9220 AalborgØstDenmark Department of Mathematical Sciences Aalborg University9220 AalborgØstDenmark Center for Nanostructured Graphene(CNG) 9220 AalborgØstDenmark Computational Atomic-scale Materials Design(CAMD) Department of PhysicsTechnical University of Denmark2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark Department of Physics University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Apartado 644Bilbao 48080Spain Center for Nanostructured Graphene(CNG) 2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

Shift current photovoltaic devices are potential candidates for future cheap,sustainable,and efficient electricity *** the present work,we calculate the solar-generated shift current and efficiencies in 326 different 2D materials obtained from the computational database *** apply,as metrics,the efficiencies of monolayer and multilayer *** monolayer efficiencies are generally found to be low,while the multilayer efficiencies of infinite stacks show great ***,the out-of-plane shift current response is considered,and material candidates for efficient out-of-plane shift current devices are *** the screened materials,MXY Janus and MX_(2) transition metal dichalchogenides(TMDs)constitute a prominent subset,with chromium based MXY Janus TMDs holding particular ***,in order to explain the band gap dependence of the PV efficiency,a simple gapped graphene model with a variable band gap is established and related to the calculated efficiencies.

关键词： Shift database multilayer