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Breastfeeding and genetic factors in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease in children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第3期15卷 270-279页

作者： theresa A Mikhailov Sylvia E Furner Department of Pediatrics Division of Critical CareMedical College of Wisconsin9000 W.Wisconsin AvenueMS# 681MilwaukeeWI 53226United States School of Public Health Division of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsUniversity of Illinois Chicago 1603 W.Taylor St.M/C 923ChicagoIL 60612United States

Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic,debilitating disorder of the gastrointestinal *** etiology of inflammatory bowel disease has not been elucidated,but is thought to be multifactorial with both environmental and genetic influences.A large body of research has been conducted to elucidate the etiology of inflammatory bowel *** article reviews this literature,emphasizing the studies of breastfeeding and the studies of genetic factors,particularly NOD2 polymorphisms.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease crohn'sdisease Ulcerative colitis Etiology Risk factors Protective factors NOD2/cARD15 Single nucleotidepolymorphisms

Aggregation and mating success of capnodis tenebrionis （coleoptera： Buprestidae）

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Insect Science 2014年第2期21卷 203-212页

作者： carmelo Peter Bonsignore theresa Melanie Jones Dipartimento Patrimonio Architettonico e Urbanistico PAU Laboratorio di Entomologia ed Ecologia Applicata Universita Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria Safita Mefissari Reggio Calabria Italy Department of Zoology The University of Melbourne 3010 Victoria Austrafia

An understanding of the relative importance of extrinsic and intrinsic factors in determining the potential distribution and mating success of individuals is critical for the successful monitoring and management of pest species. Using a combination of field observations and a caged field experiment, we explored the roles of environmental and individual variation on the formation of mating aggregations and mating success in the buprestid beetle capnodis tenebrionis （Linnaeus, 1767）, a pest species of stone fruit trees. Our field observations revealed that the formation of aggregations is influenced by a range of environmental factors including temperature, photoperiod, and population density. However, aggregations were not at random and were more likely to occur on the section of the plant with highest incidence of solar radiation and thus higher temperatures. Data from our experiment with caged beetles in the field further indicate that the reproductive behavior of this species varies with temperature. The probability of a successful mating occurring was also positively related to both male and female size. Females of c. tenebrionis mate several times over a 4-h period, but generally not with the same male. Information obtained from these studies is useful to define the most appropriate time for pest control, especially adopting strategies that interfere with reproduction.

关键词： body size Buprestidae capnodis coleoptera mating success sexualselection

Analysis of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzyme activity within the Tipula abdominalis （Diptera： Tipulidae） larval gut and characterization of crocebacterium ilecola gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the Tipula abdominalis larval hindgut

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Insect Science 2010年第3期17卷 291-302页

作者： theresa E. Rogers Joy Doran-Peterson Microbiology Department University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA

In forested stream ecosystems of the north and eastern United States, larvae of the aquatic crane fly Tipula abdominalis are important shredders of leaf litter detritus. T. abdominalis larvae harbor a dense and diverse microbial community in their hindgut that may aide in the degradation oflignocellulose. In this study, the activities ofcellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes were demonstrated from hindgut extracts and from bacterial isolates using model sugar substrates. One of the bacterial isolates was further characterized as a member of the family Microbacteriaceae. Taxonomic position of the isolate within this family was determined by a polyphasic approach, as is commonly employed for the separation of genera within the family Microbacteriaceae. The bacterial isolate is Gramtype positive, motile, non-sporulating, and rod-shaped. The G ＋ c content of the DNA is 64.9 mol%. The cell wall contains B2y type peptidoglycan, D- and L-diaminobutyric acid as the diamino acid, and rhamnose as the predominant sugar. The predominant fatty acids are 12-methyltetradecanoic acid （ai-c15：0） and 14-methylhexadecanoic acid （ai-c17：0）. The isolate forms a distinct lineage within the family Microbacteriaceae, as determined by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. We propose the name crocebacterium ilecola gen. nov., sp. nov., to accommodate this bacterial isolate. The type species is T202T （ATcc BAA-1359; GenBank Accession DQ826511）.

关键词： cellulolytic hemicellulolytic hindgut

Sex ratio of mirid populations shifts in response to hostplant co-infestation or altered cytokinin signaling

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第1期59卷 44-59页

作者： Nora Adam theresa Erler Mario Kallenbach Martin Kaltenpoth Grit Kunert Ian T.Baldwin Meredith c.Schuman Department of Molecular Ecology Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Hans-Knoll-Straβe 8 07745 Jena Germany German centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Deutscher Platz5e 04103 Leipzig Germany Max Planck Research Group Insect Symbiosis Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Hans-Knoll-Straβe 8 07745 Jena Germany Department of Biochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Hans-Knoll-Straβe 8 07745 Jena Germany

Herbivore species sharing a host plant often compete. In this study, we show that host plant-mediated interaction between two insect herbivores-a generalist and a specialist-results in a sex ratio shift of the specialist＇s offspring. We studied demographic parameters of the specialist Tupiocoris notatus（Hemiptera： Miridae）when co-infesting the host plant Nicotiana attenuata（Solanaceae） with the generalist leafhopper Empoasca sp.（Hemiptera： cicadellidae）. We show that the usually female-biased sex ratio of T. notatus shifts toward a higher male proportion in the offspring on plants coinfested by Empoasca sp. This sex ratio change did not occur after oviposition, nor is it due differential mortality of female and male nymphs. Based on pyrosequencing and PcR of bacterial 16 S rRNA amplicons, we concluded that sex ratio shifts were unlikely to be due to infection with Wolbachia or other known sex ratio-distorting endosymbionts. Finally, we used transgenic lines of *** to evaluate if the sex ratio shift could be mediated by changes in general or specialized host plant metabolites. We found that the sex ratio shift occurred on plants deficient in two cytokinin receptors（ircHK2/3）.Thus, cytokinin-regulated traits can alter the offspring sex ratio of the specialist ***.

关键词： Empoasca populations specialist offspring Hemiptera altered Nicotiana specialized Solanaceae transgenic

Expression patterns of cytokine,growth factor and cell cycle-related genes after partial hepatectomy in rats with thioacetamide-induced cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第7期12卷 1063-1070页

作者： Shu Yang chon Kar Leow theresa May chin Tan Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore

AIM： To examine the differences in the responses of normal and cirrhotic livers to partial hepatectomy in relation to the factors influencing liver regeneration.METHODS： cirrhosis was induced in rats by administration of thioacetarnide. Untreated rats were used as controls. The control rats as well as the cirrhotic rats were subjected to 70% partial hepatectorny. At different time points after hepatectorny, the livers were collected and the levels of cytokines, growth factors and cell cycle proteins were analyzed.RESULTS： After hepatectomy, the cirrhotic remnant expressed significantly lower levels of cyclin D1, its kinase partner, cdk4, and cyclin E as compared to the controls up to 72 h post hepatectomy. Significantly lower levels of cyclin A and cdk2 were also observed while the cdk inhibitor, p27 was significantly higher. In addition, the cirrhotic group had lower IL-6 levels than the control group at all time points up to 72 h following resection.cONcLUSION： The data from our study shows that impaired liver regeneration in cirrhotic remnants is associated with low expression of cyclins and cdks. This might be the consequence of the low IL-6 levels in cirrhotic liver remnant which would in turn influence the actions of transcription factors that regulate genes involved in cell proliferation and metabolic homeostasis during the regeneration process.

关键词： cirrhosis Partial hepatectomy cytokines Growth factors cell cycle

Transcranial magnetic stimulation: potential treatment for co-occurring alcohol, traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第19期9卷 1712-1730页

作者： Amy A.Herrold Sandra L.Kletzel Brett c.Harton R.Andrew chambers Neil Jordan theresa Louise-Bender Pape Edward Hines Jr.VA Hospital Research Service PO Box 5000 (M/C 151H)HinesILUSA The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Center for Innovation for Complex Chronic HealthcareEdward Hines Jr.VA HospitalPO Box 5000 (M/C 151H)HinesILUSA Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine446 East Ontario#7-200ChicagoILUSA chicago Association for Research and Education in Science HinesILUSA Department of Psychiatry Laboratory for Translational Neuroscience of Dual Diagnosis & DevelopmentNeuroscience Research CenterIndiana University School of Medicine320 West 15~(th)StreetIndianapolisINUSA Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationOffice of Medical Educ.(1574)345 E.Superior St.ChicagoILUSA

Alcohol use disorder （AUD）, mild traumatic brain injury （mTBI）, and posttraumatic stress disorder （PTSD） commonly co-occur （AUD ＋ mTBI ＋ PTSD）. These conditions have overlapping symptoms which are, in part, reflective of overlapping neuropathology. These conditions become problematic because their co-occurrence can exacerbate symptoms. Therefore, treatments must be developed that are inclusive to all three conditions. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is non-invasive and may be an ideal treatment for co-occurring AUD ＋ mTBI ＋ PTSD. There is accumulating evidence on rTMS as a treatment for people with AUD, mTBI, and PTSD each alone. However, there are no published studies to date on rTMS as a treatment for co-occurring AUD ＋ mTBI ＋ PTSD. This review article advances the knowledge base for rTMS as a treatment for AUD ＋ mTBI ＋ PTSD. This review provides background information about these co-occurring conditions as well as rTMS. The existing literature on rTMS as a treatment for people with AUD, TBI, and PTSD each alone is reviewed. Finally, neurobiological findings in support of a theoretical model are discussed to inform TMS as a treatment for co-occurring AUD ＋ mTBI ＋ PTSD. The peer-reviewed literature was identified by targeted literature searches using PubMed and supplemented by cross-referencing the bibliographies of relevant review articles. The existing evidence on rTMS as a treatment for these conditions in isolation, coupled with the overlapping neuropathology and symptomology of these conditions, suggests that rTMS may be well suited for the treatment of these conditions together.

关键词： transcranial magnetic stimulation traumatic brain injury posttraumatic stress disorder treatment neuroimaging substance use disorders addiction co-morbidity mental health disorders behavioral health neuroimaging non-invasive brain stimulation

miR-106b-25/miR-17-92 clusters: Polycistrons with oncogenic roles in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 5962-5972页

作者： Weiqi Tan Yang Li Seng-Gee Lim theresa Mc Tan Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore S117597 Singapore Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore S117597 Singapore

MicroRNAs are small endogenously expressed RNA molecules which are involved in the process of silencing gene expression through translational *** polycistronic miR-17-92 cluster is the first microRNA cluster shown to play a role in *** has two other paralogs in the human genome,the miR-106b-25 cluster and the miR-106a-363 ***,the microRNAs encoded by these clusters can be further grouped based on the seed sequences into four families,namely the miR-17,the miR-92,the miR-18and the miR-19 ***-expression of the miR-106b-25 and miR-17-92 clusters has been reported not only during the development of cirrhosis but also subsequently during the development of hepatocellular *** of these clusters have also been shown to affect the replication of hepatitis B and hepatitis c *** targets of these microRNAs have been identified,and these targets are involved in tumor growth,cell survival and *** this review,we first describe the regulation of these clusters by c-Myc and E2F1,and how the members of these clusters inturn regulate E2F1 expression forming an auto-regulatory *** addition,the roles of the various members of the clusters in affecting relevant target gene expression in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma will also be discussed.

关键词： miR-106b-25 cluster miR-17-92 cluster Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cirrhosis MicroRNAs

Physical activity and nutrition attitudes in obese Hispanic children with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第39期17卷 4396-4403页

作者： Lana N Hattar theresa A Wilson Leanel A Tabotabo E O'Brian Smith Stephanie H Abrams Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionBaylor College of Medicine Stephanie H Abrams Department of PediatricsBaylor College of Medicine

AIM:To assess nutrition,physical activity and health-ful knowledge in obese children with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH or NA)compared to children without liver ***:children with biopsy-proven NASH comprised the NASH ***,sex and ethnicity matched control groups consisted of obese(OB)and lean(cO) children with no liver *** were adminis-tered the School Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey and one blood draw was ***:Fifty-seven patients were enrolled with a mean age of 12.1±2.1 years,and all were *** though the OB and NA had a similar increased body mass index(%),35%of the NA group always read nutrition labels compared to none in the OB(Pchildren felt their diet is"less healthy".NA consumed the least amount of fruits with only 25%having≥1 fruit/d vs 45%in OB and 64.7% in cO(PcO).Only 15%of NA subjects performed light exercise vs 35%and 59%of OB and cO groups,respectively(P=0.02).The mean physical activity score was lowest in the NA group(Pcts with NASH,we found that 100% of patients with grade 2 or 3 fibrosis had a sedentary score>2 compared to only 63.6%of those with grade 1 or no fibrosis(PcONcLUSION:children with NASH had increased sedentary behavior,decreased activity,and fruit *** studies may determine the benefit of changing these behaviors as treatment for NASH.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Hispanic Pe-diatric Nutrition Physical activity School physical activity Nutrition survey

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给自闭症儿童父母的101个建议