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Journal of semiconductors 2014年第4期35卷 48-51页

作者： s.theodore Chandra N.b.balamurugan National Instruments Electronics Laboratory Department of ECE Thiagarajar College of Engineering

We have analyzed the effective oxide thickness （EOT） of the dielectric material for which we have optimum performance and the output characteristics of the silicon nanowire transistors by replacing the traditional si02 gate insulator with a material that has a much higher dielectric constant （high-k） gate, materials like si3N4, Al2O3, Y2O3 and HfO2. We have also analyzed the channel conductance, the effect of a change in thickness, the average velocity of the charge carrier and the conductance efficiency in order to study the performance of silicon nanowire transistors in the nanometer region. The analysis was performed using the Fettoy, a numerical simulator for ballistic nanowire transistors using a simple top of the barrier （Natori） approach, which is composed of several matlab scripts. Our results show that hafnium oxide （HfO2） gate insulator material provides good thermal stability, a high recrystallization temperature and better interface qualities when compared with other gate insulator materials; also the effective oxide thickness of lifO2 is found to be 0.4 nm.

关键词： high-k dielectric hafnium oxide silicon nanowire transistor effective oxide thickness

subthreshold behavior of AlInsb/Insb high electron mobility transistors

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Chinese Physics b 2015年第7期24卷 360-364页

作者： s.theodore Chandra N.b.balamurugan G.Lakshmi Priya s.Manikandan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Thiagarajar College of Engineering

We propose a scaling theory for single gate Al In sb/In sb high electron mobility transistors（HEMTs） by solving the two-dimensional（2D） Poisson equation. In our model, the effective conductive path effect（ECPE） is taken into account to overcome the problems arising from the device scaling. The potential in the effective conducting path is developed and a simple scaling equation is derived. This equation is solved to obtain the minimum channel potential Φdeff,minand the new scaling factor α to model the subthreshold behavior of the HEMTs. The developed model minimizes the leakage current and improves the subthreshold swing degradation of the HEMTs. The results of the analytical model are verified by numerical simulation with a sentaurus TCAD device simulator.

关键词： scaling theory subthreshold behavior effective conducting path effect short channel effect

Analysis of charge density and Fermi level of Al In sb/In sb single-gate high electron mobility transistor

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Journal of semiconductors 2015年第6期36卷 47-52页

作者： s.theodore Chandra N.b.balamurugan M.bhuvaneswari N.Anbuselvan N.Mohankumar National Instruments Electronics Laboratory Department of ECE Thiagarajar College of Engineering Department of ECE SKP Engineering College

A compact model is proposed to derive the charge density of the AlInsb/Insb HEMT devices by con- sidering the variation of Fermi level, the first subband, the second subband and sheet carrier charge density with applied gate voltage. The proposed model considers the Fermi level dependence of charge density and vice versa. The analytical results generated by the proposed model are compared and they agree well with the experimental results. The developed model can be used to implement a physics based compact model for an Insb HEMT device in sPICE applications.

关键词： charge density Fermi level high electron mobility transistor 2D analytical model

Data selection Using support Vector Regression

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2015年第3期32卷 277-286页

作者： Michael b.RICHMAN Lance M.LEsLIE theodore b.trafal.s Hicham MANsOURI school of Meteorology and Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological studies University of OklahomaNorman Oklahoma 73072 USA school of Industrial and systems Engineering University of OklahomaNorman Oklahoma 73019 USA Power Costs Inc. 301 David L.Boren Blvd.Suite 2000 Norman Oklahoma 73072 USA

Geophysical data sets are growing at an ever-increasing rate,requiring computationally efficient data selection （thinning） methods to preserve essential ***,such as Windsat,provide large data sets for assessing the accuracy and computational efficiency of data selection techniques.A new data thinning technique,based on support vector regression （sVR）,is developed and *** manage large on-line satellite data streams,observations from Windsat are formed into subsets by Voronoi tessellation and then each is thinned by sVR （TsVR）.Three experiments are *** first confirms the viability of TsVR for a relatively small sample,comparing it to several commonly used data thinning methods （random selection,averaging and barnes filtering）,producing a 10％ thinning rate （90％ data reduction）,low mean absolute errors （MAE） and large correlations with the original data.A second experiment,using a larger dataset,shows TsVR retrievals with MAE ＜ 1 m s-1 and correlations ≥ *** was an order of magnitude faster than the commonly used thinning methods.A third experiment applies a two-stage pipeline to TsVR,to accommodate online *** pipeline subsets reconstruct the wind field with the same accuracy as the second experiment,is an order of magnitude faster than the nonpipeline ***,pipeline TsVR is two orders of magnitude faster than commonly used thinning methods that ingest the entire data *** study demonstrates that TsVR pipeline thinning is an accurate and computationally efficient alternative to commonly used data selection techniques.

关键词： data selection data thinning machine learning support vector regression Voronoi tessellation pipeline methods

Compact analytical model for single gate AlInsb/Insb high electron mobility transistors

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Journal of semiconductors 2014年第11期35卷 46-50页

作者： s.theodore Chandra N.b.balamurugan G.subalakshmi T.shalini G.Lakshmi Priya National Instruments Electronics Laboratory Department of ECEThiagarajar College of Engineering

We have developed a 2D analytical model for the single gate Allnsb/lnsb HEMT device by solving the Poisson equation using the parabolic approximation method. The developed model analyses the device perfomance by calculating the parameters such as surface potential, electric field distribution and drain current. The high mobility of the AlInsb/Insb quantum makes this HEMT ideal for high frequency, high power applications. The working of the single gate Allnsb/Insb HEMT device is studied by considering the variation of gate source voltage, drain source voltage, and channel length under the gate region and temperature. The carrier transport efficiency is improved by uniform electric field along the channel and the peak values near the source and drain regions. The results from the analytical model are compared with that of numerical simulations （TCAD） and a good agreement between them is achieved.

关键词： high electron mobility transistor AlInsb/Insb quantum well 2D analytical model Poisson's equation surface potential electric field

Cold adaptation does not alter ATP homeostasis during cold exposure in Drosophila melanogaster

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 471-481页

作者： Caroline M.WILLIAMs James R.ROCCA Arthur s.EDIsON David b.ALLIsON theodore J.MORGAN Daniel A.HAHN Department of Integrative biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Departments of Entomology and Nematology University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA biochemistry University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and spectroscopy Facility McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Departments of Genetics and biochemistry Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Department of Epidemiology and biostatistics School of Public HealthIndiana University BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA Division of biology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA

In insects and other ectotherms,cold temperatures cause a coma resulting from loss of neuromuscular function,during which ionic and metabolic homeostasis are progressively *** adaptation improves homeostasis during cold exposure,but the ultimate targets of selection are still an open *** acclimation and adaptation remodels mitochondrial metabolism in insects,suggesting that aerobic energy production during cold exposure could be a target of ***,we test the hypothesis that cold adaptation improves the ability to maintain rates of aerobic energy production during cold exposure by using^(31)P NMR on live *** lines of Drosophila melanogaster artificially selected for fast and slow recovery from a cold coma,we show that cold exposure does not lower ATP levels and that cold adaptation does not alter aerobic ATP production during cold ***-hardy and cold-susceptible lines both experienced a brief transition to anaerobic metabolism during cooling,but this was rapidly reversed during cold exposure,suggesting that oxidative phosphorylation was sufficient to meet energy demands below the critical thermal minimum,even in cold-susceptible *** thus reject the hypothesis that performance under mild low temperatures is set by aerobic ATP supply limitations in ***,excluding oxygen and capacity limitation as a weak link in energy *** work suggests that the modulations to mitochondrial metabolism resulting from cold acclimation or adaptation may arise from selection on a biosynthetic product(s)of those pathways rather than selection on ATP supply during cold exposure.

关键词： chill coma energetics insect oxygen limitation thermal tolerance

Effects of plunge pool configuration on downstream passage survival of juvenile blueback herring

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第2期6卷 135-143页

作者： theodore Castro-santos Kevin b.Mulligan Micah Kieffer Alexander J.Haro u.s.geological survey-leetown science center s.o.conte anadromous fish research centerone migratory wayturners fallsma01376usa

Anadromous alosines are widespread throughout the Northern *** of this clade are notoriously fragile animals that are at high risk of injury and death associated with passage at hydroelectric *** turbine mortality is a common concern,conditions encountered when bypassed around these routes may also be *** bypass structures typically discharge into plunge pools,which are highly turbulent and may cause mechanical *** subjected live,actively migrating juvenile blueback herring to a suite of realistic plunge pool conditions(3 m drop,pool depth of 60-180 cm,and discharge of 0.28-1.70 m^(3)/s)and monitored them for≥96 *** was generally higher than expected(>80%in all cases).However,both plunge pool volume and total discharge affected survival with elevated discharge and shallow conditions associated with increased *** was often delayed:rates remained elevated throughout the monitoring period,indicating that survival studies based on shorter periods underestimate total mortality.

关键词： Fish passage River herring blueback herring Plunge pool survival

Comparative multi-locus assessment of modern Asian newts(Cynops, Paramesotriton, and Pachytriton:salamandridae) in southern China suggests a shared biogeographic history

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Zoological Research 2022年第5期43卷 706-718页

作者： Zhi-Yong Yuan Yun-Ke Wu Fang Yan Robert W.Murphy theodore J.Papenfuss David b.Wake Ya-Ping Zhang Jing Che state Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution&Yunnan Key Laboratory of biodiversity and Ecological security of Gaoligong Mountain Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development(Ministry of Education) School of Life SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology Cornell UniversityIthaca 14850USA College of Life science Yunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650091China Centre for biodiversity and Conservation biology Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntario M5S 2C6Canada Museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Evolutionary biologists are always interested in deciphering the geographic context of diversification,therefore they introduced the concept of comparative phylogeography, which helps to identify common mechanisms that contribute to shared genetic structures among organisms from the same ***, we used multi-locus genetic data along with environmental data to investigate shared phylogeographic patterns among three Asianendemic newt genera, Cynops, Paramesotriton and Pachytriton, which occurred in montane/submontane streams or ponds in southern China. Our 222samples from 78 localities covered the entire range of the three genera and represented the largest dataset of this group to date. We reconstructed matrilineal genealogies from two protein-coding,mitochondrial genes, and gene network from two nuclear genes. We also estimated divergence times of major cladogenetic events and used occurrence data to evaluate niche difference and similarity between lineages. Our results revealed a common basal split in all three genera that corresponds to the separation of two geographic terrains of southern *** ancient divergence occurred during middle to late Miocene and likely correlate with paleoclimatic fluctuations caused by the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau (QTP).Particularly,the strengthening and weakening of Asian summer monsoons during the Miocene may have profoundly impacted southern China and led to repeatedly vicariance in those ***,despite differences in realized niches between lineages,there is no evidence for divergence of fundamental *** of old newt matriline lineages in mountains of southern China suggests that the region acts as both museums and cradles of *** on those results,we advocate a multi-pronged protection strategy for newts in the three genera.

关键词： Amphibian Comparative phylogeography Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau East Asian monsoons Ecological niche modeling species museums and cradles

Development of precision medicine approaches based on inter-individual variability of bCRP/AbCG2

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Acta Pharmaceutica sinica b 2019年第4期9卷 659-674页

作者： Liming Chen Jose E.Manautou theodore P.Rasmussen Xiao-bo Zhong Department of Pharmaceutical sciences School of Pharmacy University of Connecticut

Precision medicine is a rapidly-developing modality of medicine in human *** on each patient’s unique characteristics, more accurate dosages and drug selection can be made to achieve better therapeutic efficacy and less adverse reactions in precision medicine. A patient’s individual parameters that affect drug transporter action can be used to develop a precision medicine guidance, due to the fact that therapeutic efficacy and adverse reactions of drugs can both be affected by expression and function of drug transporters on the cell membrane surface. The purpose of this review is to summarize unique characteristics of human breast cancer resistant protein(bCRP) and the genetic variability in the bCRP encoded gene AbCG2 in the development of precision medicine. Inter-individual variability of bCRP/AbCG2 can impact choices and outcomes of drug treatment for several diseases, including cancer chemotherapy. several factors have been implicated in expression and function of bCRP, including genetic, epigenetic, physiologic,pathologic, and environmental factors. Understanding the roles of these factors in controlling expression and function of bCRP is critical for the development of precision medicine based on bCRP-mediated drug transport.

关键词： bCRP Epigenetics Gene polymorphisms Physiologic factors Precision medicine

Malware Detection for Forensic Memory Using Deep Recurrent Neural Networks

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Journal of Information security 2020年第2期11卷 103-120页

作者： Ioannis Karamitsos Aishwarya Afzulpurkar theodore b. trafalis Rochester Institute of Technology Dubai UAE University of Oklahoma Norman USA

Memory forensics is a young but fast-growing area of research and a promising one for the field of computer forensics. The learned model is proposed to reside in an isolated core with strict communication restrictions to achieve incorruptibility as well as efficiency, therefore providing a probabilistic memory-level view of the system that is consistent with the user-level view. The lower level memory blocks are constructed using primary block sequences of varying sizes that are fed as input into Long-short Term Memory (LsTM) models. Four configurations of the LsTM model are explored by adding bi- directionality as well as attention. Assembly level data from 50 Windows portable executable (PE) files are extracted, and basic blocks are constructed using the IDA Disassembler toolkit. The results show that longer primary block sequences result in richer LsTM hidden layer representations. The hidden states are fed as features into Max pooling layers or Attention layers, depending on the configuration being tested, and the final classification is performed using Logistic Regression with a single hidden layer. The bidirectional LsTM with Attention proved to be the best model, used on basic block sequences of size 29. The differences between the model’s ROC curves indicate a strong reliance on the lower level, instructional features, as opposed to metadata or string features.

关键词： biLsTM Deep Learning Forensic Memory LsTM RNN